Planting depth of cauliflower for seedlings. Plant nutrition and soil fertilization with cauliflower. Varieties of cauliflower and oh differences: briefly about the most famous.

It is not difficult to master the cultivation of cauliflower in the open field, but your family will be provided with tasty and useful product. The main problem that many gardeners face is that a dense large inflorescence is not obtained. Each culture must be approached individually, proper fit and good care will help the Mediterranean guest to get comfortable in unusual conditions.

Features of the cultivation of cauliflower

Although cauliflower came to our dachas from the warm Mediterranean, it perfectly adapted to the cold climate of the Urals, Siberia, Leningrad region. Some gardeners complain that the culture is very capricious, gives poor yields. This happens if you do not know what conditions are necessary for plants, how to properly care for plantings, how to grow seedlings from seeds. Learn some growing secrets and you won't have any problems.

Cauliflower is not adapted to live in the conditions of white nights; for development, it needs a sufficient duration of both daylight and darkness. In conditions of constant illumination, a dense head is not obtained, flower stalks are drawn out and lose their taste qualities. In the northern regions, you need to count sowing dates so that the ripening of the forks does not fall in June and the first half of July. It is impossible to wait for a tasty harvest even with poor watering, when the plants suffer from thirst.

Cauliflower does not require much heat, but it does not like too cold summers. If the temperature does not rise above +15⁰, the forks will be small, poorly developed. The most suitable thermal regime is from + 15⁰ to + 20⁰. In extreme heat, shade the plants, spray them with water. When growing in a greenhouse, do not forget to ventilate the plantings.

In warm regions, proper care will help you get 2 or even 3 crops per season from seeds. To achieve this result, you need to choose early-ripening varieties, for example, Goat Dereza. The last plantings, most likely, will not have time to ripen in the open field. Many forks will have to be grown in a greenhouse or greenhouse with good shelter.

Good yields give the following varieties:

• "Early Gribovskaya";
• "Movir";
• "Alpha";
• "Precocious".

Sowing seeds for seedlings

To get strong plants, you need to provide seedlings with proper care from the first days. Accurately calculate the time of sowing. Seedlings should be transplanted after about a month and a half. Find out from the weather forecast when the temperature is right in the greenhouse or outdoors, and start sowing the seeds. Pour the grains into a cloth bag and hold them in a container of water at room temperature for 12 hours.

Pour expanded clay to the bottom of the container for drainage, then fill it with earthen mixture. Soil for sowing seeds can be purchased at the store or prepared independently. One of the good ones:

• garden land - 35%;
• peat - 30%;
• chernozem - 30%;
• sand - 5%.

Young seedlings often suffer from blackleg. To protect the seedlings, plant the seed to a depth of 1 cm, and then cover the entire surface of the soil with a thin layer of sand. This material will draw out excess moisture from the soil, and pathogens of fungal diseases will not affect plantings. Cover the container with a special lid or film and place in a warm place.

First of all, a powerful root system should develop. Immediately after the emergence of seedlings from seeds, keep planting at a temperature not higher than + 10⁰. The growth of the aerial part will slow down, and the roots will develop well. After about a week, move the containers to a room with a temperature of about +15⁰. Now it is necessary that the sprouts become strong, do not stretch. In early spring, plantings may lack light, especially if the windows face north. Include above container fluorescent lamp and surround it with reflective screens.

How to grow strong seedlings

So, planting cauliflower was successful. 10 days after germination, seedlings should be dived into separate cups. Take deep containers so that both the root and the stem to the leaves fit into the ground. After the appearance of the third leaf, the seedlings need to be fed with a special fertilizer or dissolved in a bucket of water 15 g of potash and 5 g of ammonium nitrate and water the ground.

The second top dressing will be needed after the appearance of the next leaf. From time to time, planting should be sprayed from a spray bottle with a weak solution. boric acid. When the fifth leaf is formed on the seedlings, it is ready for relocation to the garden. Do not overexpose the seedlings indoors, overgrown plants do not tolerate transplantation well, they cannot take root for a long time, they get sick. One can only dream of a good harvest, no care will help the seedling to recover.

It will be a great stress for plants if they are immediately moved from a warm room to open ground. A week and a half before transplanting, start taking the containers to fresh air. The first time, hold them outside for several hours during the warmest time, gradually increase the time of "walks". Before planting, do not water the plants for several days, moisten the soil abundantly only on the day of relocation to the garden.

Landing in open ground

Without good lighting, a rich harvest cannot be obtained. Select a sunny area for the cabbage plantation. The weak point of cauliflower is a superficial and poorly developed root system. The most fertile composition should be in the top layer, no deeper than 40 cm. In the fall, when digging, add organic and mineral fertilizers, and with an acidic reaction, add lime.

The distance in the garden both between rows and between medium-sized plants, for example, the Goat Dereza variety, should be 0.5 m. Cabbage will take up a lot of space, but you can grow lettuce, dill or radish next to it. The depth of the hole should be such that the seedling is buried in the ground until the first leaves. Pour nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers into each hole, add trace elements, especially boron and magnesium, lightly sprinkle chemicals with earth and spill well with water. Shade the plantings from the scorching sun for the first few days.

Planting cauliflower in open ground will immediately attract the attention of insects. Juicy bushes are a tasty dish for cabbage fly and cruciferous flea. You can pollinate plantings with ash or tobacco dust to discourage pests. To prevent insects from eating your crop, plant basil, rosemary, or garlic next to the cabbage.

For the prevention of cabbage diseases during spring digging, add 5 g of colloidal sulfur to each m 2 of land.

Growing cabbage in the garden

To form dense heads, plants need proper care. Moisture is very important, but the soil cannot be poured: the roots do not tolerate stagnant water. It is better to water the bed through a sprayer, the aerial part is very fond of small sprays. Be sure to loosen the ground under the plants so that it is saturated with air, and excess moisture can evaporate.

Half a month after planting, the plants need to be fed with organic matter. Don't fall on the ground fresh manure, soak it in water for 3 days, and then dilute each liter of infusion in 5 liters of water. After top dressing, spud the bushes so that the stem does not stick out of the ground. When the forks begin to tie, feed again with a complex fertilizer with trace elements.

If the heads do not tie in any way, chop off the lower leaves, then the plant will use all its strength to form an inflorescence.

If the cabbage is attacked by pests, you can use insecticides. Chemicals can be used until the heads begin to tie. For prevention, spray a garden bed with tincture of wormwood, tobacco or burdock every week, such treatment will not bring harm. To keep the heads white and tasty, you can hide them from the light. Cut off the lower leaves and cover the inflorescence with them. In the shade, bitterness disappears from the forks, and they acquire a beautiful white color.

For getting early harvest you can plant seedlings in a greenhouse in early spring. The conditions should be the same as when growing in open ground: temperature is about + 15⁰, proper watering, top dressing. If the daylight hours are still short, you need to highlight the plantings with lamps. In a greenhouse and a hotbed, air humidity is usually too high. Air the plants daily to prevent rot or fungal infection from attacking them.

In the greenhouse, you can also grow seedlings for the second crop. Germination of seeds is carried out in a container, and when picking, seedlings are placed in the ground. Before planting in the garden, seedlings need to be hardened off. During the day, open doors and windows for several hours. If heat-loving crops are grown in the same room, they can be protected with covering material or film during the ventilation period.

In autumn, the greenhouse will also need a place for cabbage. Dig up unripe plants by the roots and plant for growing. Make sure that the temperature does not fall below +5⁰. In case of severe frosts, plants can be covered with non-woven material, film or mats.

Harvest and storage

When harvesting, cut off a head of cabbage with a small fragment of the stem and 4 leaves. Harvest can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 50 days. In the cellar, cauliflower will not wither up to 4 months. To provide yourself with fresh heads until the next season, divide the forks into small inflorescences. Rinse and dry the shoots, remove the rotten areas and store them in a bag in the freezer.

Heads that have not had time to ripen can be grown. Dig up a bush with a root and plant in a greenhouse or greenhouse. If this is not possible, you can put the plants in the cellar and sprinkle the roots with soil. The soil needs to be watered from time to time. The second option: hang the heads of cabbage upside down. With this method, they can increase the mass of the head by 0.5 kg.

The harvest is ripe, and the bushes are still full of strength, the leaves are juicy and healthy. Leave one good shoot on the stem, a new fork may start on it. Do not forget that in this case, the plant needs top dressing, care and watering. If the head does not have time to ripen before frost, dig up a bush and plant it in a greenhouse, where it will reach the desired size.

Conclusion

Cauliflower undeservedly received the fame of a capricious and fastidious plant. Growing problems arise in those gardeners who do not know and do not take into account the biological characteristics of the species, do not provide the necessary care. The secrets of good harvests are easy to remember and apply. The culture is especially demanding for lighting: in spring, seedlings need to be additionally illuminated with lamps, and when heads appear, they need darkness at night.

Plants develop in about 60 days. The yield depends on the variety. For example, "Goat Dereza", if she is provided good care, can give up to 10 kg from 1 m 2. . Plants should not be planted too closely, and to save space, you can plant greens, spices, and salads between the bushes. This scheme is convenient for protecting cabbage from pests: many insects do not tolerate garlic or rosemary. If the heads are not ripe to frost, the bushes can be grown in the greenhouse.

Cauliflower is used to prepare the usual vegetable dishes - soups, stews. You can boil the shoots and bake with cheese or fry with an egg. This low-calorie, but nutritious product is part of many diets, used to prepare children's meals. Grow and properly store the harvest, and then use your imagination and surprise your guests with an unusually delicious dish.

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If you feel frequent ailments, you just need to cleanse the body. How to do it

Even in the photo, curly heads of cauliflower look like amazing, exotic flowers, but this vegetable is not only decorative, but also contains a lot of useful substances. Growing cauliflower from seeds, competent care of the crop in the open field is the topic of this article. Agricultural technology for growing cauliflower in your own garden - in a detailed video.

Planting cauliflower - three harvests in one season

Subject to the rules for planting cauliflower, the culture is guaranteed to give two full-fledged crops in one season, and the heads from the third sowing will have time to ripen in greenhouses and greenhouses.

It is advisable to sow cauliflower seeds in the second decade of March for the first harvest. The second harvest occurs when the crop is sown on April 25 - May 5 and July 1 - 10.

Types of cauliflower

The soil for sowing seeds is prepared on the basis of 1 part of humus soil; 3 parts of lowland peat with the addition of fertilizers: 15 g of potassium sulfate, 30 g of superphosphate, 5 ml of boric acid.

Until the first shoots appear in the greenhouse, an average temperature of + 20C is maintained. Germination of cabbage seeds can last up to 5 days, after which the temperature must be lowered to 7 degrees. Cabbage is not afraid of cold weather, so lowering the temperature will restrain the rapid growth of seedlings and will prevent stretching. The temperature is maintained at 7 degrees for about 5 days, after which it rises to +15. You can start picking young cauliflower seedlings after 10 days.

When planting cabbage in seedlings, in beds prepared in advance, which are filled with ash, strong seedlings of high quality are planted according to the scheme 50 x 50 or 60 x 35.

Important! From elongated seedlings with pale leaves, it is not possible to obtain full-fledged heads of cabbage.

Cauliflower beds can be compacted with crops such as lettuce, herbs, radishes, turnips. Compactor plants are planted in rows through one row-spacing.

Important! When planting cauliflower seedlings, a deepening is carried out to the first true leaves - this measure allows you to better strengthen young seedlings in the ground.

For better survival, the seedlings are covered with a transparent film for a while to create a greenhouse effect.

Sowing seeds of cabbage is allowed to be carried out directly in open ground, starting in March. Cabbage grown from seeds in the fresh air catches up and outstrips seedlings grown in greenhouse conditions. Seeds should first be sorted out, empty and damaged should be removed. Pour full-fledged cabbage seeds for half an hour hot water(20 minutes to half an hour), then quickly cool in cold water, soak for at least 12 hours in a thick pink solution of potassium permanganate.

cauliflower seeds

Sowing is carried out in furrows to a depth of at least 1.5 cm. After sowing cabbage, the beds are abundantly watered with water through a sprayer, making sure not to wash the crops.

Cauliflower - care after planting

Cabbage really needs moisture, this is especially true for young seedlings during a period of intensive growth. At the same time, it is worth making sure that irrigation water does not linger in the beds for a long time. It is useful to loosen the soil in the beds as often as possible, which will allow the wet earth to dry faster and increase the aeration of the root system.

It is important to ensure that cauliflower is adequately watered.

It is useful to dust young plants with wood ash - this will protect the tender leaves of cabbage seedlings from the invasion of pests, and at the same time serve as top dressing. Ash enriches garden soil with potassium, which is especially useful for cabbage in the heading phase.

Fertilizers for cauliflower: feeding regimen

Cauliflower is very demanding on fertilizer application, the best growth is provided by the application of organic matter. Mullein or bird droppings, diluted 1:10 or 1:15, respectively, are applied every 10 days during the entire growing season of the plant. The first dressing is applied under each bush in the amount of 0.5 liters, each subsequent - 1 liter.

Culture responds well to foliar top dressing: in 1 bucket bred:

• 20 g of urea;
• 50 g of double superphosphate;
• 20 g of potash fertilizers.

The solution is sprayed on the green mass of plants once a week.

Reproduction of cauliflower

The plant propagates by seeds, which can be sown on seedlings and directly into the ground. An additional crop can be obtained from an adult plant that has already produced a crop. If healthy green leaves remain on the stalk, then the plant is able to develop new shoots from axillary buds. A few strong shoots are left, the rest must be removed. The remaining shoots will yield a crop, subject to top dressing and timely watering.

Cauliflower seedlings can be grown in a greenhouse

What's wrong with cauliflower?

Cauliflower, like all cruciferous plants, is susceptible to various fungal and viral diseases.

Very often, downy mildew develops on plants, especially young ones. Poor ventilation of greenhouses contributes to the development of the disease, overflowing beds with cabbage, compacted plantings. To prevent the disease, it is necessary to establish a regular ventilation regime, carry out timely picking of plants, and monitor soil moisture. Get rid of powdery mildew antifungal drugs "Topaz", "Fundazol", "Fitosporin" will help.

Carry out preventive treatments to prevent cabbage diseases

After planting cabbage seedlings in the ground, plants can get sick with vascular bacteriosis. The leaves of the plant turn pale, lose their elasticity, the appearance of pale yellow spots is observed between the veins. The leaves of the plant gradually become necrotic and wither. Bacteriosis prevents plant growth and crop formation. The infection is carried by infected seeds, and is activated in areas with high rainfall.

Mucous bacteriosis develops on plants that have already started heads. Black rot of cabbage heads develops, the crop cannot be obtained. Bacteria pathogens are carried by pests (cabbage fly, stem secretive proboscis).

- in the hot months it can destroy cauliflower plantings in a matter of days. It is necessary to fight the pest in a timely manner with the help of special means.

Growing cauliflower: video

How to grow cauliflower: photo

Cabbage is a moisture-loving and rather demanding vegetable crop. Just planting seedlings is not enough. Sometimes preparation and care for cultivation begins in the fall, when it is necessary to prepare a site for planting cabbage in the spring.

This leads to the fact that many do not like to do this. Especially if the question is about how to grow cauliflower in the open field. A tasty, healthy, beautiful vegetable crop, the harvest of which can be harvested from the last days of April to the beginning of May.

Many centuries ago it was cultivated in Syria. That is why it has a second name - Syrian cabbage. Even the medieval physician Avicenna advised that this vegetable should be eaten raw as much as possible. A little later cabbage merchants begin to transport different countries. But in European countries it appears only in the eighteenth century.

Few people managed to cultivate it because of the climate. Therefore, for a long time it was left as an overseas delicacy intended for rich people. But today, thanks to the painstaking work of breeders, it was possible to develop varieties that get along well in any region.

The unusual taste and a lot of useful substances have made this vegetable quite popular.

Growing it is absolutely simple, no more difficult than the usual varieties of white cabbage. Growing, planting, caring, watching growth and development is a real pleasure. Especially when you enjoy the taste of an overseas beauty grown on your own plot. After all, this is a plant that carries the richest set of vitamins and minerals.

Among which are:

• fluorine;
• molybdenum;
• tartronic acid;
• a large amount of vitamin C and other components, which are not so much in the usual varieties.

She is a bit more demanding than others. vegetable crops and cabbage in particular. But for great efforts, she is ready to reward with a bountiful harvest, starting in the second half of May and continuing to amaze until late autumn.

Varieties, their features

A fairly large number of cauliflower species have been eaten out for our strip and regions. Just like white-headed, it is divided by type into:

• early ripe;
• mid-season;
• late-ripening.

Today there is an incredible range of varieties. Moreover, their differences lie not only in the quality of the inflorescences, but also in their colors. So, you can find snow-white, pleasantly green, orange, bright gray cauliflower. Regardless of this, all varieties have an exceptional taste, have high nutritional properties.

Due to its exceptional taste, the vegetable crop is consumed raw, boiled, baked, fried, frozen, and delicious winter pickles are prepared.

Cauliflower seedlings: subtleties

Growing cauliflower in the open field or in a greenhouse is almost the same as the types of crops that are more familiar to us. She, like many other species, is planted with seedlings, you can sow cabbage and seeds directly into open soil. But it is more profitable, productive to plant cauliflower seedlings.

Thanks to this method, the ripening period is reduced, the quality of the ovaries improves. When interested in the question of how to grow cauliflower seedlings, it must be remembered that only two methods are used:

• ordinary, but it will be necessary to dive cauliflower;
• in separate small containers, one or two seeds.

Both methods are effective. But, if you need to dive, you can damage the rather fragile root system. Therefore, experienced summer residents, gardeners prefer to plant at home in separate pots. Moreover, it is beneficial to use peat containers, with which the seedlings are then planted in the ground.

Strong, healthy seedlings - this is possible only when the seeds are planted in loose, fertile soil.

Soil for strong seedlings

Experienced gardeners recommend planting cauliflower seeds in boxes, pots filled with a special soil mixture. It has a sufficient number of necessary components for seedlings, and has also passed the preliminary stage of disinfection. This is important, since any cabbage is susceptible to many fungal diseases.

Using these methods, you can apply soil from your own site. To do this, you can carry out the treatment with a Bordeaux mixture, which contains copper sulfate and slaked lime. Carry out only on the basis of the manufacturer's recommendations. This The best way disinfection. Next, you can prepare an earthen mixture that contains:

• soil - three parts;
• sand - one part;
• peat - one part.

If the land on the site has not been fertilized, then superphosphate (60 gr.), Calcium chloride (30 gr.), wood ash about one glass. For seedlings, components such as:

• nitrogen;
• potassium;
• calcium;
• phosphorus.

This mixture will help provide the plant with important elements in the soil. The same mixture is recommended for the first feeding of seedlings. This process is carried out after the appearance of 3-4 full leaves.

Seed preparation

In order for seedlings, you should follow some rules for their acquisition and preparation. It is advisable to purchase seeds at proven points of sale. It is imperative to pay attention to the terms of implementation and the manufacturer.

The seeds must be the same size. If not, then calibrate. Small seeds should not be used or planted separately.

Before planting seeds, they can be disinfected. To do this, it is enough to lower it into a solution of potassium permanganate and hold for no more than 20 minutes, dry it. Plant 1-2 seeds in each pot, deepening no more than 1 centimeter. If the seeds are planted in containers or boxes, then you need to sow in shallow grooves, maintaining a distance between them of no more than 3 centimeters.

What time is sown: types of seeds for seedlings

For the timely maturation of culture, it is necessary to observe the terms for seedlings. This is a very important point, especially for late-ripening varieties, so that the cabbage has time to ripen:

• early ripe - 90-100 days;
• mid-season - 110-130;
• late varieties- up to 150 days.

This is exactly the period necessary for the full ripening of cabbage. From the time of planting for seedlings to harvest, regardless of when the cauliflower was planted in open ground.

picking

If a low temperature regime is important for white cabbage environment, then cauliflower needs more heat. This fact does not mean that it does not tolerate low temperatures well. Culture tolerates even frost.

But for seedlings, a constant regime and a temperature of at least 20 degrees, lighting are important. Then the first sprouts will appear already for 5-6 days. This is important to consider. Picking is carried out 7-10 days after the landing. How to dive? There is nothing complicated, and this procedure is no different from how other vegetable crops dive.

Important! After sowing cauliflower seeds for seedlings, in the future the main thing is not to miss the deadlines. An older plant is hard to take root.

Dive seedlings with extreme care so as not to harm the very fragile root system. You should dive into peat pots and then plant cabbage in the ground in them. It is advisable to carry out mulching after this event. For this, wood ash is excellent, which is scattered on the surface of the soil.

Ten days before the landing, it is necessary to harden the culture. This can be done by exposing the seedlings to the open air in the country or taking them out to the balcony if the seedlings are grown in a city apartment.

Do this in sunny calm weather, if the air temperature does not fall below 10 degrees. Before sunset, the seedlings are brought into the room. Before planting, make sure that the temperature in the room does not rise above 15 degrees, you can keep seedlings in a greenhouse or on a balcony.

Planting cauliflower in the ground

Proper care of cauliflower in the ground is slightly different from caring for the more familiar white cabbage. This is due to the fact that the cultivation of cabbage of this variety requires a more careful attitude.

The fact is that throughout the entire growing season, cauliflower retains a weak root system. Moreover, the optimum temperature for this crop is about 18 degrees. If the temperature regime of the environment is higher, then this is reflected in the formation, size and taste of the heads.

But this is only the result of selection. If the seeds for seedlings of a modern variety or the seedlings themselves were subjected to a hardening procedure, they can even withstand frosts up to five degrees below zero. But, if the heads are formed at a high temperature, more than 25 degrees, then they become loose and tasteless. In addition, you can grow cabbage if you follow the recommendations, at least those presented in this article.

1. There is a certain scheme for planting cauliflower, which is desirable to adhere to.
2. Be attentive to questions like.
3. Timely apply top dressing and treat from pests, diseases.

But most important are the timing of sowing and planting, as well as the composition of the soil. Planting cauliflower in open ground is carried out according to a certain scheme. Along with this, deadlines must be taken into account. In addition, it is necessary to determine exactly when it is possible to plant, and when it is not recommended to do so.

In all likelihood, the soil is prepared, the seedlings are strong and beautiful, even if they grew on the windowsill, we plant them in the ground. The soil must be moist. To do this, it can be watered the night before.

We have already said that it is best to plant with peat pots. This is another additional protection and nutrition for the root system. Observe the following diagram.

1. Divide the area into squares.
2. The distance between the holes is 25-30 centimeters.
3. The distance between the rows is 70 centimeters.
4. If late varieties are planted in the garden, then these figures can be reduced by 10 centimeters.
5. Lower the plant along with the pot into the hole to the first leaves and dig in.
6. Irrigate.

There is nothing complicated in such a scheme. However, planting and caring for the garden needs further attention. When and how to plant, it does not matter, especially if these are early varieties. The main thing is that the threat of night frosts is over. There are doubts, then you can plant at intervals of several days.

It is even more profitable, because the ripening time will be different, thanks to this, each ripened plant can be used in turn. After all, the culture should not overripe, otherwise the heads can throw out seed pagons and then it is not recommended to take them for food.

Before, you need to pre-determine a place for this. We have already said that it is desirable that the soil be prepared from the autumn period. If this does not happen, then it can be fertilized after the snow has completely melted.

Seeds of late varieties are first sown, then seedlings dive. It is more profitable to plant early seedlings immediately and not grow from seeds. This significantly reduces the maturation time.

Important! If the soil is well fertilized - this boldly late varieties of cabbage with seeds. If you plant seedlings, then you need to add wood ash to each hole.

It must always be remembered that cauliflower, like the rest of its relatives, is susceptible to fungal diseases. It is advantageous to plant it in those areas where it previously grew:

• tomatoes;
• potato;
• beet;
• cucumbers;
• dill.

These are the plants that can disinfect the soil from fungal diseases.
You can additionally process the roots of pickled cabbage at the time of transplantation. To do this, it is enough to lower the root of the plant into a weak solution of potassium permanganate or Bordeaux mixture.

Also, marigolds, dill are planted between the rows, bushes of cut nettles are placed between the rows and under the root. All this is an additional tool in the fight against diseases and pests.

Cabbage on the site and the planted material needs protection, which consists in timely feeding and pest control.

Cauliflower Protection

Despite all the efforts of breeders, most varieties of cauliflower are still poorly adapted to our climate. But if you regularly take care of the culture, then it will definitely thank you. It is not difficult, those gardeners who regularly cultivate such a crop will agree with this.

According to their statements, one can understand that it is worth trying once and this beauty will become an annual crop in the backyard garden. You don't need much experience. Prepare the land, sow, tend a little, and reap.

Cauliflower, like many other varieties, is loved by numerous pests. If you notice, then Bordeaux mixture is constantly mentioned. This is a unique composition that will help get rid of many problems on the site.

And not only during the cultivation of cauliflower, but also many other vegetable crops, trees, bushes. The main thing is to maintain the proportions recommended by the manufacturer. This mixture blue vitriol and lime destroys almost all pests on the plant itself, on the soil, in the ground, without causing damage to the crop.

On your own plot and in the house there are organic means to help fertilize the plant. This:

• yeast;
• tinctures from onion peel, garlic;
• nettle.

As a rule, any suburban area boasts an abundance of nettles on the site. Those with more experience know that this is a unique remedy. If you put it between the rows, then it is able to saturate the soil with useful substances, retain moisture, and scare away pests. Water tinctures are a unique organic fertilizer, a source of nitrogen and phosphorus.

Yeast is dissolved in settled water, after which the plant is fertilized by adding it to the water for irrigation. Tinctures made from onion and garlic husks will also scare away many pests.

What to look out for as you grow

Like any other cabbage, cauliflower always shows its appearance that something is missing, something is preventing her from developing normally. Any problem can be eliminated if the plant looks a little sluggish, spots, caterpillars, aphids appear.

These tools quickly solve any of these problems. But for any cabbage, and cauliflower is no exception, a disease such as keel is very common and dangerous. If none of the methods helped, the plant continues to wither, then it is necessary to check the condition of the root.

To do this, carefully dig it out of the ground and check the root. If there are even small growths, then this indicates the beginning of the keel. It is impossible to save the plant. It dies, as the disease prevents the admission of moisture and nutrients.

Moreover, if the diseased plant is not disposed of, then there is a risk of infection of the entire crop. Sick plants are burned, disposed of far from the site. The spores are so tenacious that they can infect the earth, even dropping to the surface with smoke. Keela is not afraid of chemicals and open flames. But, the funds proposed here will help to harvest a rich harvest of cauliflower.

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Cauliflower: growing seedlings in the garden

Cauliflower is an annual, and growing its seedlings is not much different from the same process with white cabbage. Its inflorescences in the form of heads can be different colors: white, yellow and purple. Its root system is less developed than that of its white sister, so sowing seeds for cauliflower seedlings must be done in a special way. To do this, the land for planting in a common box is divided into 10x10 cm squares so that the seedlings have the opportunity to form branched root systems for better absorption of nutrients from the soil.

• When to sow cucumbers for seedlings
• Watering cabbage in the open field

In order for our cauliflower to start blooming early and prolific, planting its seeds for seedlings must be done at a certain time on soil enriched with phosphorus, boron and potassium. If you increase the content of these elements in the soil and limit the amount of nitrogen, then our vegetable will grow and develop faster, and, consequently, the ripening of its inflorescences will occur much earlier than usual.

Cauliflower seedlings: when to plant?

Remember that cauliflower, like kohlrabi cabbage, is a rather capricious plant that requires special conditions for growing, so its seedlings for planting in the ground must have a well-formed root system, otherwise the plant will not take root and die.

Each variety of this vegetable has its own seed planting period:

• sowing early varieties and hybrids starts from the beginning of March during all four weeks of the month;
• mid-early varieties are planted from April 10 to mid-May;
• late varieties are sown after May 15 to mid-June.

Age of seedlings before planting in the ground:

• early varieties - 2 months;
• mid-early varieties - 40 days;
• late varieties - 35 days.

When can you plant seedlings in open ground:

• early varieties - after April 25 to May 15;
• mid-early varieties - from May 15 to June 15;
• late varieties - from July 1 to the middle of the month.

Therefore, most gardeners who want to harvest fresh cauliflower throughout the summer grow varieties of this vegetable at different times.

How to grow seedlings of cauliflower planted in the ground?

After planting in the ground a strengthened and sufficiently formed seedling, it must be closed for the first time from the bright rays of the sun with a film. Seedlings should take root in the ground in the shade for two to three days. You need to start spudding them only after two weeks. In order for a vegetable to grow quickly and develop properly, it needs an optimal air temperature: 16–25 ° C. If the summer is hot and the soil dries quickly, the growing seedlings need to be monitored more carefully: watered in time and plentifully and hidden in the shade from the scorching rays.

If this is not done, its heads may bloom prematurely and darken. Three weeks after planting, the plants can be fertilized with liquid cow dung or wood ash. But for the first feeding, mineral fertilizers are also suitable. Nitrogen fertilizers for feeding cauliflower are not recommended, because for the correct formation of its root system and further flowering, the increased acidity of the soil will be detrimental.

The second feeding should be carried out after another two weeks. To do this, you need liquid compost from wood ash and nitrophoska. The third top dressing should be started during the formation of plant heads: ammonium nitrate in the amount of 30 grams per ten-liter bucket of water is mixed with 80 grams of superphosphate and 20 grams of any fertilizer containing potassium.

nasotke.ru

Cauliflower seedlings: sowing and care

The general principle of preparing seeds, soil and growing seedlings of cauliflower is the same as for white cabbage (see. Sowing white cabbage and caring for seedlings). Below, only the individual features of cauliflower agricultural technology will be considered in detail.

Approximate age of cauliflower seedlings for middle lane Russia:

• for early varieties and hybrids - 25-60 days,
• for mid-early - 35-40 days,
• for late - 30-35 days.

Sowing seeds is done:

• early varieties and hybrids - from 5 to 30 March,
• mid-early - from April 10 to May 10,
• late - from May 25 to June 10.

Terms of planting seedlings in open ground:

• early varieties and hybrids - from April 25 to May 15,
• mid-early - from May 20 to June 15,
• late - from July 1 to July 10.

Such an age "scatter" when growing seedlings of early varieties and hybrids is not accidental. To get the earliest finished products from the end of June or the first days of July in open ground, the maximum possible age of seedlings is required - 50-60 days. It is planted at the end of April, early May, often under temporary cover with a film. This seedling for better survival is grown only in pots. Then comes the time for 40-45 day old seedlings of early cabbage, which take root more easily and already have the potential to give a higher yield. But to achieve the maximum yield of early ripening varieties and hybrids is possible only when planting 20-25 day old seedlings, here the largest heads of high quality are obtained.

Unlike white cabbage, cauliflower has a less developed root system. This cabbage is even more moisture-loving and demanding on soil fertility. The bulk of the roots is located in a soil layer of 25-40 cm. For growing seedlings, it is better to use the pot method without picking. However, it has been noticed that during early spring and spring planting, seedlings grown with picking and without picking, in the future, give almost the same yield. But during the summer time for planting seedlings, the potted method without picking has a significant advantage, especially in dry seasons. Plants take root better and develop a more powerful root that goes deep into the soil.

For spring-summer and summer-autumn crops with growing by winter, you can use the potless method of growing seedlings. For the Moscow region, the optimal sowing time is from the end of April to June. For growing by winter, crops are carried out in 2-3 stages from mid-June to July 10. For better survival, seedlings are planted at a younger age with 3-4 true leaves.

In the northern regions, due to the shorter warm period, it is more expedient to grow cauliflower seedlings older than 50-60 days old. In this case, the feeding area of ​​​​one plant should be slightly increased to 7x7 or 8x8 cm.

During the cultivation of seedlings, there should be no stops in growth, otherwise there is a danger of shooting. This is especially common in early cabbage when planting adult seedlings.

Seedless growing method for the south

For dry regions, the less common seedless growing method can also be used. In this case, the root system is not as branched, but more deeply penetrating into the soil. Seeds are sown directly into the ground with a distance between rows of 45-60 cm, depending on the characteristics of the variety or hybrid and soil fertility. When the first two true leaves appear, thinning is carried out, leaving 10-15 cm between plants in a row. Final thinning is done in a phase of 5-6 leaves, leaving 15-20 cm between plants on highly fertile soils, and 20-25 cm on less fertile soils. Thinning should be carried out in well watered soil. With careful carrying out of this event, the root system of the uprooted plants is well preserved and the best of them can be planted in the places of dead plants or in another plot.

Care during the growing period

Since cauliflower is a very moisture-loving plant, the optimum soil moisture throughout the entire growing period should be in the range of 70-85%. It is very important not to allow the soil to dry out during the seedling period, as this leads to the formation of a small head or even to a complete loss of yield due to the rapid transition of plants to the flowering phase.

An equally important factor is the observance of temperature regimes. During the period of growing seedlings, the temperature should not be allowed to drop below + 8 ° C for a long time, 10 or more days. Otherwise, a rapid transition of the plant to the flowering phase may occur, without the formation of a dense commodity head. Temperatures above +20°C for 10 or more days, especially at night, provoke seedlings to stretch and form small, loose, rapidly decaying heads.

The optimum temperature before germination is +21+23°C, then +10+12°C for 5 days. After the seedlings get stronger and become stocky, the temperature is gradually increased to + 16 + 18 ° C in sunny weather and + 13 + 15 ° C - in cloudy weather. At night, the temperature is maintained within + 10 + 12 ° C.

As already mentioned, cauliflower is more demanding on nutrition than white cabbage. This must be taken into account from the very beginning, i.e. at the seedling stage. With a lack of trace elements in the seedling period (especially when grown in a pot without picking), regardless of the conditions further cultivation cabbage forms ugly heads or does not form them at all. It is especially sensitive to the lack of boron and molybdenum.

With a lack of molybdenum, cabbage grows deformed leaves and does not proceed to the formation of a head.

With a lack of boron, vitreous spots form on the heads, which become brown in color. Under these spots, voids soon form up to the very stalk, covered from the inside with a black crust.

To avoid such troubles, during the period when the first true leaf appears in the seedlings, it is watered directly over the leaves with a complex fertilizer containing trace elements.

Some literary sources say that when feeding cauliflower seedlings, the doses of mineral fertilizers per feeding are increased by 1.5 times compared to the doses for white cabbage seedlings. During the growing period (depending on the age of the finished seedlings), she is given 2-3 top dressings. Here I will take the liberty of disagreeing. To obtain more uniformly developed seedlings and tissues in plants, it is still better to carry out 1-2 additional top dressings with a solution of normal concentration, simply reducing the period of time between top dressings a little. For 30-day-old seedlings, 2 top dressings are enough, 35-40 days - 3, 45-50 days - 4, for 55-60 days - 5.

The first top dressing is given 10 days after picking, or in the phase of the first two true leaves with a potless method of growing seedlings. The second and subsequent top dressings are given with an interval of 10 days. Regardless of the age of the seedlings, the final dressing is given 3-4 days before planting in open ground. It is best to alternate organic and mineral top dressing with each other.

In addition to the main dressings, cabbage is given 3 foliar top dressings with microelements. The first - in the phase of 1-2 true leaves, the second - in the phase of 5-6 true leaves and the third - when the cabbage forms a head the size of a walnut. For 1 liter of water, dilute 0.5 tablets of microelements or 0.5 tsp of complete fertilizer with microelements and spray the plants on the leaf. Depending on the age of the plants, the consumption of the working solution is 30-60 ml/m2 (3-6 l/hundredth). You can use liquid microfertilizers for these purposes, for example, Uniflor micro, MicroFe or others. If the main dressings are used complex fertilizers with microelements, then additional feeding with microelements can be omitted.

First dressing.

For 10 liters of water: 10 g of ammonium nitrate, 20 g of superphosphate, 10 g potash fertilizer. Consumption: 150-200 ml per pot, or 8-10 l/m2 for potless growing.

Second and subsequent top dressing any of the following solutions:

• For 10 liters of water: 20 g of ammonium nitrate, 50 g of superphosphate, 10 g of potash fertilizer.
• For 10 liters of water: 0.5 liters of mullein or chicken manure.

Consumption: 150-200 ml per pot, or 8-10 l/m2 for potless growing.

In the absence of mullein and chicken manure, you can buy dry granulated chicken manure, liquid extract of cow dung "Biud", or liquid extract in stores horse manure Biud, Bucephalus, Brown.

Top dressing before planting seedlings: for 10 liters of water: 30 g of ammonium nitrate, 80 g of superphosphate, 20 g of potash fertilizer.

If the seedlings are well developed, then you can give such a solution: for 10 liters of water, 40 g of superphosphate and 20 g of potassium fertilizer.

Consumption: 150-200 ml per pot or 8-10 l/m2 for potless growing.

When growing seedlings in a potless way (for example, in seedling boxes without internal partitions between plants), the soil between plants is cut along and across the rows 3-5 days before planting. This technique, in combination with the above "top dressing before planting seedlings", contributes to the formation of an extensive root system.

Literature:

1. Cabbage. //Book series "Homestead farming". M. "Rural news", 1998.

2. Matveev V.P., Rubtsov M.I. Vegetable growing. M.: Agropromizdat, 1985. 431 p.

3.Andreev Yu.M., Golik S.V. Growing cauliflower using growth regulators // Bulletin of the vegetable grower. 2011. No. 4. S. 13-20.

greeninfo.ru

Planting cauliflower for seedlings - terms and rules for performing work

In our climate, some garden beds begin with growing on the windowsill. Only in this way it is possible to obtain a full-fledged crop of heat-loving vegetables. Therefore, it is worth familiarizing yourself in more detail with the rules, conditions, and also the terms when cauliflower is planted for seedlings.

All varieties of cauliflower have a one-year development cycle. In the year of planting, a head is formed, consisting of many short shoots tightly pressed to each other, ending in the beginnings of inflorescences. Later, long stems are produced from the parting head, at the end of which brushes with yellow flowers are formed. It is these flowers that subsequently form pods with seeds. In our temperate continental climate, the average head ripening time from germination to technical maturity is three to four months, and it will take more than six months for seeds to ripen. Based on this, the necessity and rationality of the seedling method of growing becomes clear, because cauliflower, unlike traditional white cabbage varieties, does not tolerate low temperatures. Even lowering to 10°C will have a negative effect on yields, especially during head formation. But at the same time, hot weather is undesirable, if the temperature rises above 26 ° C, then the growth and development of heads slows down and their quality suffers.

photo of cauliflower

Thus, the results of the work of gardeners are more dependent on the temperature regime. All other conditions for successful cultivation cauliflower for seedlings can be created independently - to optimize the level of moisture, improve the quality and change the type of soil, provide fertilizer and protect the crop from diseases and pests.

Seedling growing schedule

Cauliflower seeds germinate quite quickly, and the period of plant formation is short, compared with other heat-loving crops. Therefore, it is not worth rushing to sow seedlings, because overgrown, elongated bushes are less promising in their development, and their yield is lower.

To more accurately determine the optimal planting time, you should familiarize yourself with the varietal characteristics of the purchased seeds and take into account the weather conditions of your region. Video about cauliflower care

The timing of sowing seeds depending on the varieties:

Variety name and hybrids	Ripening period	Sowing seeds for seedlings	seedling age	Terms of landing in open ground
Early maturing varieties: Opal, Early Gribovskaya 1355, Snezhinka, Snowball 123, etc.	80-110 days	from mid to end of March	25-45 days	from the beginning of April to the beginning of May
Early varieties and hybrids: Nautius F1, Movir 74, Express MS, etc.	115-125 days	from early March to early April	35-50 days	mid-April to mid-May
Mid-season: Patriotic, White Beauty, Flora Blanca, Yako and others	126-135 days	from the first decade of April to the first decade of May	35-40 days	from the 20th of May to the middle of June
Late varieties and hybrids: Cortes F1, Consista, Amerigo F1, Adler winter, Sochi and others	145-170 days	end of May to mid June	30-35 days	from the end of June to the middle of July

Important: even sowing seeds of early varieties in several stages, it was noticed that best harvest gives seedlings planted at the age of 20-25 days.

But it is also impossible to be late with the planting of late varieties (unless you live in a southern resort climate), otherwise well-formed heads can be damaged by the first autumn frosts.

So, taking into account the above recommendations, you can draw up an approximate schedule of work.

While there is no work in the garden for weather reasons, you can start preparing the container and soil for seedlings. If you prefer to prepare the soil yourself, then take:

• 2 parts of humus;
• 2 parts of garden land;
• 1 part of coarse sand (if the earth from your site is clay);
• 1 part dry non-acidic peat;
• spatula for seedlings;
• capacity for sowing;
• spray;
• fungicides.

All components of the soil are thoroughly mixed and disinfected. To do this, you need to thoroughly warm the soil in an oven or microwave, but although this is a fairly effective and fast disinfection process, it stops many due to the release of a characteristic odor. Therefore, simply shed the soil with a solution of potassium permanganate or use fungicide preparations. Disinfection is necessary in order to reduce the likelihood of the spread of fungal infections, which often affect seedlings and often lead to their death.

Ready-made containers filled with soil are covered with plastic wrap and left until sowing.

A photo of a cauliflower seedling

Early varieties are sown first after March 8-10, but you can rely on these dates if your climatic conditions allow, because by the time of planting, the seedlings should be about 30 days old. Therefore, if there is confidence that by mid-April the snow will already melt and the earth will warm up, start sowing, if not, then it is better to postpone for a week.

Experienced gardeners advise not to sow all the seeds from the bag at once, it is better to do this in two or three stages with a break of 3-4 days. Growing together, seedlings of the same variety will differ somewhat in terms of ripening, which makes it possible to save on the purchase of different seeds, but at the same time extend the ripening period of the crop.

Shoots appear relatively quickly and it is important not to miss the moment in order to lower the temperature to 10-12 ° C in time and put the boxes on the windowsill for maximum illumination. These measures will help prevent the seedlings from stretching, but for the further formation of bushes after 5 days, the temperature regime is set at optimal rates of 13-15 ° C.

A couple of weeks after germination, the seedlings are ready for picking. The day before, transfer the seedlings to a heat of about 21-23 ° C, and after transplanting, return them to their original coolness. This will help young bushes to survive the pick more easily and recover faster in a new place.

April works

This month is already beginning to pamper us with the first sunny days, and here it is already possible to start preparing a greenhouse or hotbeds. Growing seedlings on windowsills can be especially important for the northern regions or to get the earliest possible production. In most cases, much better results are shown by sowing seeds in closed ground. Even if you do not have a stationary greenhouse, a hastily assembled greenhouse under a dense film (150 microns) or white non-woven agrofiber in two additions is quite suitable for cabbage seedlings.

In a greenhouse or hotbed, the soil warms up much faster, especially if the place is allotted on the south side of the site and is maximally illuminated by the sun. Therefore, by April 12-14, mass sowing can begin. The convenience of this method also lies in the fact that in parallel with cauliflower, seeds of other varieties can also be sown - white cabbage, broccoli, kohlrabi or Beijing, because the conditions for growing seedlings are practically the same.

In the photo, sowing seedlings in the ground

So, for the first April sowing, cauliflower of early and medium ripening is suitable. It is better to sow in rows, according to varieties, so that later it would be more convenient to plant growing seedlings. Seedlings appear on the 5th-8th day, and from that moment on, the temperature in the greenhouse must be controlled. The success of the harvest in the form of a large and dense head begins precisely at the age of the seedlings, and temperatures above 14 ° C contribute to its premature, but, as a rule, unpromising formation. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly ventilate the covered ground beds during the daytime in order to reduce the temperature. At night, it is imperative to close the crops so that possible frosts do not harm.

May cabbage care

The first days of May for most gardeners in the middle lane is the official start of garden work, because the sun is already hot and the earth has warmed up. It's time to plant the grown seedlings of early varieties of cauliflower. The planting scheme can be in rows or in a checkerboard pattern, the main thing is to keep a distance between plants of 60-70 cm, and also do not forget about the generous watering of the holes and the desirable mulching of the beds. Video about growing cauliflower Also in May, late-ripening cauliflower varieties are sown, and now this can be done in open ground.

In parallel with the work on caring for the beds, the planting of seedlings of the next stages of sowing continues. In order not to get confused in terms and varieties, the time of planting to a permanent place can be determined by the plant itself - the age in the 4-6 leaf phase will be optimal in terms of survival rate and growing season.

In the photo, seedlings in the ground

When planting at the end of the month, the harvest should not be expected until the end of September, so more late dates landings are irrational for the Russian climate of the middle zone.

orchardo.ru

Gardener's calendar, 9 March 2016

According to the national calendar: Midsummer Day is the day when birds start building nests. On this day, they were observed: if the birds began to nest on the sunny side, then the summer was expected to be cold. The song of the tit is for warmth, and the snow is for cold on Easter (in 2016, Easter will be on May 1).

Lunar calendar: 1 lunar day until 7.07, after 7.07 - 2 lunar day. New moon. A good day for buying seeds and planting plants with edible fruits. Transplanting houseplants is not recommended.

Cabbage is one of the most popular garden crops that can be grown almost everywhere, except for the desert and the Far North. Most often, cabbage is grown in seedlings, especially early varieties of white cabbage, some species; medium and late varieties are sown directly into the ground.

Sowing dates different types cabbage for seedlings and in the ground for central Russia and the Moscow region
white and red cabbage- for hybrids and early varieties - March 10-25, for middle and late varieties - April 10-30;
broccoli- can be sown from mid-March to the end of May, with an interval of 10-20 days;
cauliflower- mid-March-end of May, with an interval of 10-20 days;
Brussels sprouts- from the middle to the end of April;
kohlrabi cabbage- from March 10-20 to the end of June, with an interval of 10-20 days;
savoy cabbage- for early-ripening varieties from March 10 to 30, for mid-ripening - from March 15 to April 15, for late-ripening from April 1 to April 15.

Read more: Planting cabbage for seedlings: sowing, picking, planting in the ground

In the Urals and Siberia, the timing of sowing cabbage seedlings slightly shifted compared to the timing for central Russia. For early varieties of white cabbage, this is April 10-15, and for medium and late varieties - the end of April.

In the South of Russia, sowing dates, on the contrary, they are shifted to February. It is possible to sow early varieties of cabbage in early February. Ready seedlings of cabbage are planted in the ground in April.

Sowing white cabbage for seedlings
According to the ripening period, white cabbage is divided into early-ripening, mid-ripening and late-ripening. She has different sowing dates: early varieties of cabbage are sown for seedlings from the beginning of March until the 25th of the month, seeds of varieties of medium ripening are sown from about March 25 to April 25, and late varieties - from the beginning to almost the end of April.

The most suitable days for sowing in March: - 9-15, 18, 20-22, 30 and in April: 8-9, 13, 20.
Cabbage seedlings are planted in a permanent place at the age of 45-50 days, ready-made seedlings must have a well-developed root system and at least 4-5 true leaves.

Sowing cauliflower seedlings
Early cauliflower can be sown already in the middle - the end of March, the most successful day according to the Lunar calendar 2016 falls on March 30, you can still sow on March 9-10 and 21. Cauliflower for obtaining permanent production can be sown in several stages:
Stage 1: for early cauliflower - mid-late March ( auspicious days according to the Lunar calendar of 2016 - 15 tons on March 30);
Stage 2: end of March - mid-April (favorable days according to the Lunar calendar 2016 - April 9, you can also sow 13),
Stage 3: end of April - mid-May (favorable days according to the Lunar calendar of 2016 - April 20, May 9-11, may also be May 14-15).
Stage 4: end of May - mid-June (favorable days according to the Lunar calendar 2016 - June 6-7 and June 20-21, June 11-12 is also possible).

The age of seedlings from sowing seeds to planting in open ground should be:
white and red cabbage: hybrids and early varieties - 45-60 days, mid-season - 35-45 days, late-ripening - 30-35 days;
broccoli- 35-45 days;
Brussels sprouts and cauliflower 45-50 days;
kohlrabi cabbage- 30-35 days;
savoy cabbage- 35-50 days.

Sowing cabbage in open ground
If necessary, cabbage can be sown directly into the ground. True, this is possible only for early varieties of white cabbage, broccoli, kohlrabi and Beijing cabbage. If at the beginning of April the bed is covered with a film, then by mid-April the soil will warm up enough to sow cabbage under the film. And since May, cabbage can be sown in open ground. Chinese cabbage and kohlrabi are sown until the end of July.

Auspicious days according to the Lunar calendar 2016 for sowing cabbage for seedlings and in the ground:
in February: 2, 9-14, 17-21;
in March: 9, 10, 21, 30;
in April: 8, 9, 13, 20;
in May: 9-11, 14-15, 19;
in June: 6-7, 11-12, 18, 20-21.

Sowing should be avoided bad days , which in 2016 will fall:

• in February: 7, 8, 22 (after 21.00);
• in March: 1-2, 5-8, 23, 25, 26-29;
• in April: 2-7, 22-26, 29-30;
• in May: 6, 22-23, 25-28;
• in June: 4-5, 20, 23-26.

New moon in 2016 it will be February 8, March 9, April 7, May 6, June 5; Full moon- February 22, March 23, April 22, May 22 and June 20. These days, astrologers advise to refrain from working with plants.

Folk signs and secrets of the lunar calendar
Point of interest: besides Lunar calendar our ancestors also took into account the days of the week! According to their observations, one should not plant and sow on Fridays, it is undesirable on Wednesdays. On Thursdays, you should refrain from picking cabbage and planting seedlings in open ground.
And of course, no crops can be done when your heart is heavy, this will most negatively affect the growth and development of plants.

By the way

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supersadovnik.ru

How to grow cauliflower?

secret

Large, up to 4kg, snow-white and dense heads in my area give Cortez and Helsinki.
They do not need to wring the upper leaves to protect the inflorescences from the light and they have time
form a crop before the onset of autumn cold weather.

I prepare a bed for cauliflower as follows: I dig a trench on a shovel bayonet
and fold the earth along the edge. Then I take out the second layer of soil of the same thickness.
I throw off the top layer into the trench and fill it to the top with a mixture of compost or humus
with seasoned peat. As a result, the substrate does not need to be deoxidized and it does not require loosening and frequent watering.

I do not advise spudding cauliflower - it has superficial roots and can be easily damaged.
To improve the nutrition of plants during the tying of heads, I add half a bucket of the above mixture to each stem.

Many do not feed cauliflower with mineral fertilizers, considering them harmful.
But these are concentrated batteries that must be used correctly.
It is almost impossible to grow a full-fledged cauliflower without mineral supplements, especially boron and molybdenum.

When laying the beds, I bring in a half-liter jar of birch ash per 1 sq. m and spill the soil
extract from superphosphate. To prepare it, 1 kg of superphosphate is poured into 12 liters of hot water,
intensively mix, wrap with a film and cover with two old padded jackets.
When the solution has cooled, I mix it again, let it brew for several hours and mix again.
After the suspension settles, I drain the liquid, and throw the undissolved sediment onto the road away from the site.

It is of little use, but heavy metals are available.

For dressing cauliflower, I dilute 0.5 liters of this infusion in 10 liters of water heated in the sun.

In the technology of growing cauliflower important point is the formation of its inflorescences.
To do this, I spray each plant on the leaves, alternating Zirconium preparations (1 ampoule per 10 l) and Cytovit (3 ampoules per 10 l).
From the moment the head of cauliflower begins to grow, I water each plant three times until harvest.
under the root with a solution of Kemira-Lux (10 g per 10 l). These are the subtleties of growing cauliflower.

The cruciferous flea, white caterpillars, scoop and slugs cause great harm to cauliflower.
In order not to use pesticides, I install plastic arcs over the bed immediately after planting the seedlings.
and cover the cabbage from flies with a polymer mesh. I do not remove the grid until the end of the season and water the cabbage through it.

Tatiana Tsivilskaya

As usual. Only when the head is tied, hide it from the light. Cover with a leaf and tie all the side leaves to the cabbage over your head. Will grow strong and white. Water more often.

Denis

I break off the top leaves as soon as the ovary begins
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6fQXFjsvOuw
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pPZefF7clhc
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RIO56NlNCw&feature=results_main&playnext=1&list=PL5E626F72B2D14913

sergey local

Well, how ... I bought seeds, sowed, planted seedlings, watered - fertilized and it grows)))))

Anatoly Yakovlev

Once I was also a lover of cauliflower, now I refused, I plant broccoli, it is much tastier and more productive, which I advise you. I especially like the Fiesta hybrid.

Tanya Sarbash(Ostrivnaya)

Usually cauliflower is advised to grow through seedlings. There is barely enough space in a city apartment for seedlings of heat-loving tomatoes, peppers and eggplants. But Tatyana Veselova from Vitebsk found such a way out.
“I will tell you how to grow cauliflower without seedlings. I've been doing this for over a year now. When to plant cauliflower. Already in the first half of April, having chosen a fine sunny day, I spill the bed prepared in the autumn with boiling water and cover it with a film. At night, I additionally warm it with old covering material and burlap. The next day I make grooves, sprinkle them with ashes, sow seeds, setting markers with the name of the variety, lightly sprinkle with a mixture of compost and sand, spill warm water and restore cover.
After a week, shoots appear. Then I put low (about 15 cm) arcs over the sowing to lift the film over the growing plants, then I put a thick white covering material. In early May, seedlings with the strongest stems and leaves are planted in a permanent place according to the 25x35 cm scheme and sprinkled with ash to protect against cabbage flies, cruciferous fleas and covered with non-woven material.
How to plant cauliflower so that the forks are large. To do this, I first put a pinch of chicken manure in each well. When the seedlings take root, I spud and spray it with Fitoverm. In addition, I regularly loosen the soil between the plants, adding compost mixed with ash to the stems, and once every three weeks I feed Kemira fertilizer at the same time as watering.

cauliflower should be planted for seedlings and when to do it?

Anatoly Yakovlev

Girl, cauliflower is a relatively precocious plant and you need to plant it when you want to get a crop. You can use seeds in the garden and the harvest will be in August, if you want earlier, plant seedlings. But, apparently you are new to gardening and I would not advise you to plant it. Plant seedlings of broccoli, the Fiesta hybrid, will delight you with a harvest from July until frost. The fact is that cauliflower dries up after cutting the head, and new ovaries form in broccoli, a little smaller in size, and it tastes better than any color.

Irina Borisovna

40 days before landing in the ground.

Elena Ivanova

Varieties of cauliflower are different, including early ripening ones. See the terms of each variety on the package. If you want early, sow in a greenhouse or nursery. Landing in the ground - in the region, in the middle lane - around the beginning of May.

Valentina Timofeeva

I sow cabbage in the exhaust gas in early spring, as soon as the snow melts, under a double film, or in a greenhouse, then I plant it on the beds

Ludmila Klochkova

I sow directly into the ground in the spring at the beginning under cover. with seedlings of trouble, there is a lot of reason to complicate your life.

Irina Shabalina

I sow all cabbage, including cauliflower, for seedlings in mid-April right in the greenhouse, then from mid-May I begin to gradually plant, starting with early varieties. Cauliflower also comes in different ripening periods, early is more reliable.

Seasonal open ground vegetables are distinguished by their delicate taste and unusual aroma, and in terms of the content of proteins, vitamins, and other useful compounds able to give odds to most greenhouse relatives. How to grow cauliflower in the garden so that you can pamper your family with delicious inflorescences all summer? The agricultural technology of the culture is similar to other types of cabbage, but in order to get a good harvest, you need to know a lot of subtleties and secrets of cultivation.

colored beauty

Biological features of culture

Of all the types of garden cabbage, cauliflower is the most delicious, nutritious, healthy, dietary, and nature has not deprived us of beauty. Why not a queen! The cultivation of cauliflower began in Russia in Catherine's time and just from aristocratic gardens. And the plant itself has a capricious character, not everyone can cultivate it.

To understand how to grow high-quality cauliflower, we propose to comprehend some of the biological features of the culture and the subtleties of agricultural technology arising from them.

1. The plant has a one-year vegetation cycle. The product head, which is a crowded flowering shoot, if not cut in time, will bloom and produce seeds in the same season.
2. Unlike the white-headed variety, it has a weak, fibrous-type root system. This determines the increased requirements for the structure and mechanical composition of the soil, affects the type of moisture - mainly surface.
3. Warmth is another characteristic. Seedlings grown in the cold are likely to go to the arrow and not tie the product head.
4. This type of cabbage has a very narrow temperature range at which normal head development is possible - not lower than 10⁰ C and not higher than 25⁰ C. With a prolonged cold snap, the heads grow small, coarse-grained, and loose in hot weather.
5. In relation to light, the plant is rather contradictory. In the conditions of a long day, the head is tied faster, on a shortened light day - it grows larger and denser. Therefore, culture likes to grow in a well-lit garden, but to tie and grow a germ in the shade. Most often it has to be created artificially.
6. The food organs of most cabbage species are overgrown leaves, so they need nitrogen for biomass growth. The cauliflower head is a modified flower shoot and for development it needs phosphorus and potassium, as well as trace elements - boron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum. In agricultural technology, this was reflected in the composition and mode of dressings.

This is interesting! Truly "colored" varieties are no less useful. The orange hybrid Chedar F1 is 25 times more vitamin A than its white relative. Purple Rosalind, Purple Ball contains anthocyanins. Green Universal, Shannon - leaders in the content of antioxidants.

Such beauty is worth growing even for aesthetic reasons.

The subtleties of growing seedlings

Growing cauliflower for seedlings from seeds is an indispensable element of crop farming.

After determining the need for the number of seedlings, prepare the appropriate number of individual planting containers. Due to the peculiarities of the root system, cauliflower does not like diving, it takes a long time to take root after transplantation. It is better if you sow it in peat pots, disposable plastic cups, cassettes. The planting mixture is prepared from humus, peat in equal proportions, rotted sawdust, river sand or perlite can be added.

Raw seeds must be prepared for sowing. To protect seedlings from root rot, fungal infections, thermal seed treatment is carried out. For 20 minutes, the seeds are immersed in a weak solution of manganese, heated to 50–55⁰ C, then washed with cold water and dried.

Timing

When to sow cauliflower for seedlings depends on the climatic characteristics of the region and your desire to have a valuable product throughout the summer (autumn). The head of the inflorescence grows quite quickly and if it is not cut off in time, it overripes, breaks up, and loses its taste. Therefore, they practice sowing seeds for seedlings in small portions with an interval of 2-3 weeks.

• March 15-20 - planting seedlings in early May, the harvest will be ready in June.
• From April 1 to April 10 - open ground - after May 20, the heads will ripen by mid-summer.
• April 25 - May 10 - we plant in a permanent place from June 10, cabbage will arrive in time for August harvesting for the winter.
• The first decade of June is for the autumn collection.

For this mode of planting, early-ripening varieties are best suited. The second option is to cultivate 2-3 varieties with different ripening dates.

Sowing and care

Unlike white cabbage, cauliflower seedlings are kept at higher temperatures; at home, it can be not only a greenhouse, but also any heated room.

Before planting, the soil is moistened, 1-3 seeds are placed in each container to a depth of 1.5 cm, covered with a dry substrate, and with the help of polyethylene they create the effect of a greenhouse. In this form, the seeds will be until they hatch. The optimal temperature range from sowing to germination is 20–22⁰, after germination – 17–18⁰ of heat.

Before reaching the age of 45–55 days, the seedlings are watered, loosened, and the strongest seedlings are selected. Planted when the plant has 4-5 true leaves. Early seedlings before planting in a permanent place must be hardened off for 3-4 days. To do this, they take it out into the street, gradually lowering the temperature - first at noon, then in the morning, and finally leaving it overnight.

Seedlings in cassettes

Cultivation in the garden

Preparation for growing cauliflower in the open field begins long before planting seedlings. The stages and methods of agricultural technology are traditional for vegetable growing - watering, loosening, top dressing. A special story is the care of the ripening head.

Soil preparation

To form a crop, all cabbage plants prefer loamy and chernozem soils, require a lot of nutrition, especially nitrogen. It is better to bring it in an organic form - in the form of manure, humus. Organics put at least 5 kg / m² under the autumn cultivation of the land.

in the spring for each square meter the area allotted for cauliflower, add 25–30 g of superphosphate, 20–30 g of potassium salt. Instead, you can take complete fertilizers type of nitrophoska, ammophoska at the rate of 100 g/m².

When planting cauliflower in open ground, a handful of humus and wood ash are added to the hole.

Note! Although cauliflower is not as demanding on nitrogen as compared to white cabbage, it is necessary at the initial stage of the growing season. To give a quality head, the plant must form up to 20 fairly large leaves.

Transplanting

Before planting cauliflower, holes are made in the garden with an interval of 35-40 cm in a row, row spacing - 50-60 cm. The soil is shed abundantly to the mud. A seedling with a lump of seedling substrate is buried to the cotyledon leaves, but at the same time, they make sure not to fill up the heart (growth point). The hole around the plant is mulched with dry soil or a nutrient mixture based on peat with humus.

It is better to plant seedlings on a cloudy day. If the weather is sunny, shade the bed for several days with any covering material or cover each plant with a paper or plastic cap. Water every evening until rooting.

Important! It is difficult to say what caused this, but white and cauliflower loves to plant, the soil around the root is well compressed. So the head is larger and denser.

Protective cap creates a warm and humid microclimate

Watering

Vegetable culture has special requirements for moisture and nutrition, but it does not tolerate waterlogging. Cauliflower immediately after planting in the garden likes seedlings to receive daily portions of water, after rooting, watering is gradually reduced to 1-2 times a week.

From the moment the ovary appears, make sure that the soil does not dry out. In dry weather, they again switch to frequent, sometimes daily watering. But it is not recommended to fill the bed, it is enough to wet the top layer of the earth. To reduce the temperature during hot hours, it is practiced to spray the leaf area with water. Good way retain moisture - mulch the aisles with cut grass, rotted sawdust, and other organic matter.

In order for the plant to form additional roots, to be more stable, the cabbage needs to be spudded.

Important! When growing cauliflower seedlings, the plant should not be allowed to stop growing, otherwise the ovary grows slowly and coarsens. And this is achieved just by timely watering and top dressing.

top dressing

An effective means of increasing the yield and quality of inflorescences is top dressing. They need at least 3 per season.

• 10-12 days after rooting seedlings. Emphasis on nitrogen to build up leaf mass. You can pour with a solution of mullein in a ratio of 1:10 or use complex mineral fertilizers of about 100 g per bucket of water or according to the instructions.
• After two weeks, give a second serving of food. To the above dosage add 30–40 g of ash. Additional potassium promotes the formation of a flower shoot, is an immunomodulator.
• At the beginning of the formation of the head, the third top dressing is carried out. At this time, it is desirable to enrich the soil not only with macro-, but also with microelements. The best option is garden mixtures such as Agricola, Clean Leaf, Fertik Universal-2, Zeovit Multi Cabbage.

Cabbage field at harvest time

Care for unopened inflorescences

Having planted cauliflower, be prepared for the fact that at the time of the formation of the ovary, the plant needs special attention to the nuances of growing and care.

The heads are afraid of direct contact with irrigation or rain water, open sunlight, so do not miss the moment when their diameter reaches 5–7 cm. The flower-bearing shoot must be covered by breaking two or three of the nearest leaves. The lace shadow creates the appearance of a shortened daylight hours, ikochan grows larger, more elastic, snow-white.

On a note! A good article about cauliflower is “Guaranteed good cauliflower harvest” ( personal experience our reader)

Harvest Features

Cut the cauliflower when the head reaches a weight of 1.5-2 kg, while remaining collected in a tight ball. If you miss the moment, the inflorescence will disintegrate and proceed to flowering and fruiting.

Late varieties that have formed the bud, but did not have time to give the harvest before the onset of frost, can be grown. A plant dug up with a root is lowered into the basement, the root is added dropwise. Due to the outflow of nutrients from the stem and leaves, the food organ noticeably increases.