Growing cucumbers in a greenhouse as a business. Greenhouse business plan for growing cucumbers: an example with calculations

On the territory of Russia, tens of thousands of hectares of land have been allocated for growing cucumbers. But the demand for domestic agricultural products is steadily growing with the ban on the import of European fruits and vegetables. Existing farms can hardly cover the shortage of products in this market niche. This gives entrepreneurs excellent chances to launch a profitable business. Growing cucumbers in a polycarbonate greenhouse is a profitable direction that will allow you to get high profits. But in order to organize a large farm, you will have to invest a lot of time and effort.

Our business valuation:

Starting investments - from 100,000 rubles.

Market saturation is average.

The complexity of starting a business is 5/10.

What is important to consider when drawing up a business plan for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse? How to organize a business that will bring a consistently high income?

Why greenhouse cultivation?

Cucumbers can be grown outdoors and in a greenhouse. In the first case, entrepreneurial activity will depend entirely on weather conditions - if the season does not please you with sunny days, you can not expect a big harvest.

Cultivation of cucumbers in a film greenhouse does not have this disadvantage, since the greenhouse provides the necessary microclimatic conditions for the rapid growth of the crop. The result is a high yield of quality vegetables. In addition, the farmer has the opportunity to supply finished products to the market all year round, because even in winter you can not stop agricultural work.

The industrial cultivation of cucumbers in a greenhouse as a business has only one significant drawback compared to the soil method - the higher costs of starting a business. It is necessary to prepare high-quality greenhouses.

• The cost of production is significantly lower than the selling price, which guarantees high profits.
• The high demand for fresh vegetables will quickly recoup all costs.
• There is a possibility of cooperation both with large hypermarket chains and with private buyers.
• Growing and caring for plantings are simple - even a novice summer resident will master the business.

Official business registration

According to the law, it is possible not to formalize a business if the cultivation is carried out on a plot not exceeding 2 hectares in area. But these are huge areas that will allow you to collect tens of tons of cucumbers annually! You do not need to prepare a package of documents and certify products, which will significantly reduce the initial investment.

Without a registered individual entrepreneur or LLC, you will not have the opportunity to cooperate with large customers - wholesale warehouses and shops. In this case, retail or small-scale wholesale sales to private customers will be the only way to sell vegetables.

Have you planned to grow cucumbers in the winter in a greenhouse for sale to wholesale customers? Then be sure to complete your activity! You will get the opportunity to cooperate with legal entities - and this is the best market for an entrepreneur. And if all the rules for organizing a business are followed, there is a chance to receive a state subsidy for your farm.

The OKVED code used when registering an enterprise is 01.12.1. In the future, you will work at a flat tax rate of 6%, which exempts the entrepreneur from paying property taxes and VAT.

If you are going to sell vegetables in your own region, then you do not need to certify and declare products. Take care to prepare the relevant documents only if sending cucumbers to another region or country.

We select a place for growing greenhouse cucumbers

A business plan for year-round growing should include the selection of a suitable place to do business. Cucumbers are cultivated in almost all regions of Russia. And since the process will be carried out in artificially created conditions, weather conditions and soil composition are not as important as if professional outdoor cultivation technology was used.

The best option for organizing a business is your own cottage. So you will significantly reduce the cost at the start. Is there such a thing? Then look for offers to rent land. Choose a place located away from the city and large industrial enterprises - vegetables grown in an ecologically clean area will become your competitive advantage. In the future, when things go uphill, the site can be redeemed from the owner.

Sign a lease for a long term. It's much cheaper and you have a guarantee that the owner will not require you to leave your "familiar place" in the midst of the season.

Arrangement of a site for growing greenhouse cucumbers

New technologies, a variety of equipment and consumables allow an entrepreneur to organize a business taking into account the available finances. The minimum "equipment" of the site will require only the presence of heated greenhouses. Large-scale farming is impossible without additional equipment - automatic irrigation systems, trucks, cultivators.

Consider the offers of suppliers, and select suitable industrial greenhouses that will allow you to grow vegetables all year round. The most popular among businessmen, due to the ideal ratio of price and quality, are polycarbonate structures. Cultivation of cucumbers in winter in a polycarbonate greenhouse shows a good yield and greatly facilitates planting care for workers.

Calculate the number of greenhouses based on the planned sales volumes of vegetables. A great option for beginners - designs with a usable area of ​​​​35 m 2. Here, if all the features of the growing process are observed, up to 3 tons of cucumbers can be harvested annually from each meter.

At first, in order to grow cucumbers in a winter greenhouse and get enough profit, 3 designs are enough.

The market offers a huge selection of greenhouses, different in size and functional features. The design must be:

• heated
• well lit,
• high.

The cost of industrial structures varies in a wide range, ranging from 100,000 rubles. You can save money if you personally organize the lighting of the greenhouse and its heating, additionally purchasing lamps and heating boilers.

With a lack of funding, plan to build a greenhouse yourself to grow cucumbers all year round. In this case, you will only have to purchase consumables.

At first, it is not necessary to purchase additional equipment. But the profitability of the business will be higher if you buy irrigation systems (from 50,000 rubles), cultivators (from 30,000 rubles), mini-tractors (from 300,000 rubles). The site will also require utility rooms for storing harvested vegetables, working equipment, seeds and fertilizers.

What variety of cucumbers to grow?

In order for growing early cucumbers in a greenhouse to be profitable, variety selection is important. Breeders have bred many types of vegetables that show good yields in greenhouse conditions. Choose only reliable suppliers!

When choosing a variety of cucumbers, pay attention to the timing of its ripening. Early ripening vegetables (40-60 days) are perfect - this way it will be possible to harvest more often.

Good germination is shown by hybrids Herman, Hercules, Annushka, Emelya, Dynamite, Courage. You can buy plant seeds or ready-made seedlings. The cost of seed material is from 1500 rubles per 1000 seeds.

Growing conditions for greenhouse cucumbers

A warm greenhouse provides plantings with the necessary microclimatic conditions. But human participation is also required! If you plan to open a large farm, then you cannot do without outside help - you will need to hire 2-3 employees to carry out land work. This will entail additional costs, but will also increase the quality and quantity of the crop.

We denote the important conditions for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse:

• regular watering,
• constant treatment of plants with agents against diseases and pests,
• loosening and fertilizing the soil.

Harvesting is carried out as the vegetables ripen. Before sale, products are stored in a dry, darkened room. Wooden boxes are used.

Great if you have the opportunity to consult with an experienced farmer. You will learn what methods of growing cucumbers are put into practice and delve into the secrets of planting care.

Calculating profit from doing business

The costs of organizing a business will begin to pay off very quickly - after the sale of the first wholesale batch of goods. The technology of growing cucumbers in a greenhouse in winter and summer implies a year-round profit, which allows the entrepreneur to avoid seasonal downtime. But in the winter months, due to the increase in prices for vegetables, sales will be somewhat less.

A greenhouse for growing cucumbers all year round, purchasing seeds and fertilizers, renting a plot and registering a business will require an investment of at least 300,000 rubles from the organizer. And this is far from the limit. To automate the process with the help of irrigation stations and vehicles, at least another 400,000 rubles will be required.

You can reduce investment if you build a small heated greenhouse with your own hands and organize cultivation on your own suburban area - you can quite meet 100,000 rubles. But don't expect big profits here.

A well-thought-out technology for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse allows you to collect up to 100 tons of vegetables annually from one large greenhouse with a useful area of ​​35 m 2. Wholesale prices vary greatly depending on the season. If we calculate the average cost of cucumbers, taking into account price fluctuations over the year, it will turn out to be about 40-60 rubles / kg. It turns out that the income from sales with the full sale of the crop can reach 6,000,000 rubles / year. This is an ideal case, and a novice farmer will probably have much lower profits - plant diseases, product spoilage, and markets that have not yet been established.

When calculating net income, variable costs are taken into account - paying bills for electricity and water, buying fertilizers and pesticides, restocking seeds. On average, one greenhouse will bring a net income of at least 50,000 rubles per month. At the height of the season, this figure increases significantly - up to 200,000 rubles per month.

The methods of growing cucumbers in greenhouses, debugged over the years, guarantee the entrepreneur a stable business. If you find regular buyers of vegetables, then there will be no problems with sales, and all investments in organizing a farm will pay off in less than 2 years.

Growing cucumbers is a fairly profitable business, but costly and laborious. Although the demand for this product does not fall all year round. As in any endeavor, you will need to draw up a business plan for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse. Let's look at an example for reference, but every aspiring entrepreneur needs his own plan in accordance with his capabilities.

Features of activity

Growing cucumbers as a business has excellent prospects. Although prices decrease in summer and competition increases, in winter, on the contrary, the price of cucumbers in many regions becomes more than 200 rubles per kilogram.

Benefits of growing cucumbers in a greenhouse:

• Russian buyers try to choose domestic products.
• Modern greenhouses have a long service life.
• To grow this product, you do not need to know special technologies.
• A small area is enough for the installation of a greenhouse. On 5 acres of land, you can get a crop of 37 tons annually.
• Cucumbers can be grown all year round under the right conditions indoors.

Registration

When planning the cultivation of cucumbers and greenhouses, you should first decide on the registration form. The entrepreneur has the opportunity to choose one of three options:

• A personal subsidiary farm is an ideal option for a budding entrepreneur. Although PSF is not considered an entrepreneurial activity, it does not prohibit the sale of products of its own production and is not exempt from paying taxes. For its registration, you do not need to collect a lot of documents, it is enough to have a plot of land no more than 2 hectares in lease or ownership and apply to the local administration for a certificate on the availability of this land plot.
• has a more complicated registration process, but with such a registration form it is more realistic to find wholesale buyers.
• has the same scheme as private household plots, but is suitable if there are several co-founders of the business.

Equipment

First of all, this is a greenhouse. When planning a greenhouse business on cucumbers and drawing up a business plan, you need to decide on the choice of the greenhouse itself. There are several options:

You also need to take care of heating the air and soil. If the business plan for growing cucumbers involves the production of vegetables all year round, then you need to pay attention to specialized equipment. To maintain the temperature inside the greenhouse, boilers that can run on solid or gaseous fuels are suitable. It is not economically feasible to use electricity.

For heating the soil, there are specialized systems that, in their design and principle of operation, resemble underfloor heating. They, unlike other heating methods, do not harm plants.

Lighting should be carried out at least 12 hours a day. Even in greenhouse conditions, plants will not have enough natural light, so additional artificial light should be created. Ordinary incandescent lamps will not work - you need to buy LED lamps.

The last condition for the normal growth of vegetables is careful care. Given the large scale of production, it is necessary to take care of an automatic or semi-automatic irrigation system. You can do without it, but manual watering is a laborious and inefficient process.

Sales market

This needs to be thought out in advance even at the stage when a business plan for growing cucumbers will be planned. Your business will bring about three tons of finished products per month (with a land plot of five acres). Accordingly, such a large volume of products will need to be sold immediately, since the goods are perishable.

There are several options for marketing cucumbers:

• Retail Stores;
• Network shops;
• wholesale warehouses;
• city ​​markets;
• canning factories.

The most profitable option for an entrepreneur is a retail store or a local market. You can also sell products on your own if you rent a trading place in the market, which will significantly increase the benefits.

Financial plan

• construction of a greenhouse - 640,000;
• soil heating system - 121000;
• greenhouse heating - 70,000;
• lighting - 570,000;
• irrigation system - 30,000;
• other expenses for the purchase of seeds and fertilizers - 150,000.

The approximate amount of starting capital is 1,581,000 rubles. This does not include the cost of renting or purchasing land. Also, the amount can vary significantly depending on the region.

The cultivation of cucumbers began about six thousand years ago. This vegetable is native to the tropical and subtropical forests of China and India. Currently, it is grown in all countries of the world, even in the far north. It is not known exactly where the cucumber was brought to Russia from, but it has been grown in our country since at least the 16th century. Cucumber has become so firmly established in our diet that it is already difficult to imagine both everyday and festive tables without this tasty and healthy product. Cucumbers are eaten raw, added to salads, salted, pickled, preserved, there is even a recipe for cucumber jam.

On the territory of the Russian Federation, about 90 thousand hectares are occupied by cucumber. The largest distribution area is the Central, Southern and Volga districts. Depending on the climate, the vegetable is grown in greenhouses or outdoors. 92 percent of the total area occupied by cucumbers is households, 4.5% - agricultural organizations, 3% - peasant and farm greenhouses, 0.5% - small businesses.

Growing cucumbers in a greenhouse brings the highest yield. This not only allows you to meet all microclimatic conditions, but also ensures year-round production. The profitability of greenhouse cultivation can be up to 500 percent, with a winter crop bringing about twice as much income as a spring or summer crop.

One of the options for greenhouse cultivation of cucumbers is growing on coconut mats, briquettes, into which a nutrient solution is supplied; they develop the root system of the vegetable. The coconut mats are laid on the polystyrene boards in such a way that excess nutrient solution flows freely. In the film in which the mat is located, holes for plants and drainage holes are made. Irrigation system is automatic. Each plant is equipped with a micro-dropper for moisture supply, thanks to which the mat is saturated with moisture evenly even in the presence of a drainage system. In addition, a fogging system (cooling, humidification), upper foggers, a fertilizer pumping system, water tanks, an irrigation control controller, as well as lighting and a heating system are installed. The cost of installing one greenhouse with an area of ​​350 sq. meters will be about 900 thousand rubles.

For successful cultivation of cucumbers, it is necessary, first of all, to choose the right seeds. For greenhouse cultivation, you can use several dozen cucumber varieties and a large number of hybrids. F1 hybrids have proven themselves best, as they give a good harvest and do not require pruning. For example, the late-ripening hybrid Hercules F1, which begins to bear fruit 62 days after germination. It needs artificial pollination, as does the mid-season hybrid Annushka F1, which is valued for its disease resistance and stable yield. The Emelya F1 hybrid ripens very quickly, in just 39-43 days. Its bush has an unlimited number of lashes and does not need pollination, and the fruits reach 150g. Also does not require pollination hybrid Dynamite F1.

The cost of one thousand cucumber seeds is on average 1500-1600 rubles.

They practice seedling and seedless cultivation of cucumbers. It is believed that with the seedling method, the development of the plant occurs faster. However, seedling cultivation has opponents who note the painful reaction of cucumber to transplantation due to the fact that the plant has a delicate root system and takes a long time to take root during transplantation. With seedless cultivation, cucumber is sown under the film.

Seeds before planting must be filled with a solution of potassium permanganate (1 g per 100 ml) for disinfection, and then rinsed with water. Salt water rinsing also helps to remove poor quality seeds that float to the surface.

The nutrient mixture for seeds consists of peat, humus, sawdust and soddy soil in a ratio of 1:1:1:1. Seedlings appear in 3-4 days. Seedlings can be planted for 20-25 days. After the emergence of seedlings, it is necessary to maintain a daytime temperature of about 17 degrees, a night temperature of about 14, provide additional lighting on cloudy days, water the seedlings with warm water, and feed them. If 2-3 dark green leaves appeared on the bushes, the seedlings are ready for planting.

There are vertical and horizontal ways to grow cucumbers. With the vertical method, the plants are woven along special supports, with the horizontal method - on the ground. In industrial greenhouse cultivation, the vertical method is used, as it facilitates the care of the plant, contributes to the formation of the correct bush. Plant density in vertical cultivation is 20-25 thousand plants per hectare.

Daylight hours for cucumbers should be 10-12 hours. During the growth period, the temperature should not fall below 18 degrees. The temperature of the soil must be the same at different levels, otherwise it will adversely affect the development of the vegetable.

The yield of cucumber when grown indoors is approximately 3-3.5 tons per hectare.

It is also possible to grow cucumber on open ground as a tilled crop. In this case, the yield will be lower, but the financial investment will also be much lower, therefore, if there are not sufficient funds for the equipment of greenhouses, open cultivation can be considered.

The best predecessors of cucumbers are corn, tomato, peas, onions and early potatoes. Growing cucumber after pumpkin, zucchini and squash is highly discouraged. All types of soils with sufficient aeration and drainage are suitable for growing cucumbers, although light, humus-rich soils should be preferred.

In autumn, the soil is harrowed to crush the remains of the predecessors. Cucumber feels comfortable on the layers of perennial grasses, wheat, silage corn, etc. Without fail, when plowing, mineral fertilizers are applied to the soil.

Seeds are prepared for sowing: they are soaked in a salt solution, washed and heat treated, keeping for about six hours at a temperature of 55 degrees, then pickled with apron.

When the soil warms up to 8-12 degrees at a depth of 8 cm, sowing can be carried out. Plants with long growth are sown in an amount of up to 70 thousand pieces per 1 ha, plants with short growth - up to 150 thousand. Using a precision seed drill allows you to optimize seed consumption. If a conventional planter is used, then thinning is performed after the appearance of the first true leaf. Seeding rate with a conventional seeder is 9 kg/ha, with a precision seeder – 6 kg/ha.

A week after sowing, harrowing is carried out using a seed or mesh harrow. Row spacing should be loosened with a cultivator to a depth of 7-8 centimeters each time after irrigation.

Cucumbers should be protected from weeds and diseases. For this, herbicides and fungicides are used. The first treatment with fungicides is carried out during the period when two leaves appear in the cucumber, the subsequent ones - with a two-week interval.

The volume of irrigation is about 300 cubic meters. meters per hectare, watering is done at least five times, since the cucumber needs high soil moisture.

Harvesting is done at two-day intervals. You can use both manual harvesting and platforms POU-2, UPNS-10, PNSSH-12, wide-cut conveyor TNA-40, which allow you to reduce costs.

According to the requirements of GOST, it is necessary to collect vegetables for fresh consumption until short-fruited varieties reach a size of 14 cm, medium and long-fruited - 25 cm; diameter not more than 5.5 cm. Pickles 3-5 cm long, gherkins 5-9 cm long, greens up to 11 cm long are collected for conservation.

The yield of cucumber in open ground is about 15-20 tons per hectare. Fruits are stored at a temperature of 12-15 degrees. Vegetables should reach the consumer within a few days after harvest.

You can sell cucumbers in bulk on agricultural exchanges, the cost depends on the season and variety. The preferred marketing option is contracts with vegetable shops and food production.

Growing cucumber for seeds

When growing cucumber for seeds, isolation of crops is observed for at least 800 meters in open areas. Sowing is carried out at an earlier date than on production crops, and at a higher density.

In addition, regular varietal cleaning is necessary to remove weak plants and plants with deviations. If hybrid varieties are grown, then sowing is done with alternating rows of paternal and maternal forms. To improve the pollination of plants, you can place bee colonies, about 5-6 per hectare.

The fruits of the seed plants are harvested 50-55 days after the start of mass flowering. Cucumber seeds are extracted using a grinder-selector IBK-5. A used car can be purchased for 110-150 thousand rubles. This device highlights the seeds of watermelon, cucumber, zucchini, pumpkin.

Then the seeds are washed, dried first in the open air, and then in dryers. Preliminary cleaning is carried out on VS-2 and No. 5 winnowing machines, final cleaning - on Petkus-Super K-212. Sieve equipment costs about 500 thousand rubles, and Petkus grain cleaning machines can be purchased from the hands for 100 thousand rubles.

The yield of seeds from 1 ha is 8 centners. Seeds retain high sowing and yielding qualities for 5-8 years, subject to storage conditions: air humidity 30-45%, temperature 15-20 degrees.

The cost of a kilogram of seeds at retail is 17,500-18,000 rubles. Having realized the harvest from one centner, you can get 14.4 million rubles.

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A business can be built not only on the sale of goods, but also on its own production. So, the cucumber business is popular. Growing is profitable and profitable all year round, because food is in great demand. The opening of such a production involves the correct preparation of a business plan and only then the implementation of all conceived ideas. For a year-round business of growing cucumbers, be sure to familiarize yourself with the necessary agricultural equipment, calculate the return on production, study the market, demand, and conditions for keeping cucumbers.

Financial expenses

The implementation of ideas for starting a business requires financial investments. It's one thing if you chose to grow vegetables using one greenhouse located on your personal plot. But if the work of production is based on several capital structures, leased land and the involvement of personnel, such a business idea will require much more costs, while the benefits will be more tangible.

Include taxes, rent, minimum costs for greenhouse equipment, loans (if any) in the business plan. Also calculate the approximate income to cover all costs and make a profit. For example, for year-round production of cucumber propagation in one greenhouse, 350 square meters in size. m, it will take about 900 thousand rubles.

To open a cucumber business, you will need:

• land plot;
• greenhouses;
• planting material;
• greenhouse equipment (heating system, ventilation, material (compositions) for shading, lighting, irrigation system);
• garden tools;
• removable, hanging racks for growing seedlings.

Do not oversaturate the production of goods, otherwise unsold products will quickly lose their presentation and bring you only losses.

Year-Round Cucumber Growing Ideas

They are unpretentious, can bear fruit all year round. However, it is necessary to create all the optimal conditions for growing, starting from the choice of soil and ending with the temperature of the content. In order for the reproduction of cucumbers to be carried out all year round, carefully choose the land. It is not necessary to buy land. It can be rented from the farmer. Be sure to check the performance of all communications.

If you are not completely sure about the correctness of the implementation of the business plan, consult with a successful practical farmer who has already managed to start an effective production of growing these vegetables. He will tell you how to easily harvest a full year, give advice on profitable reproduction and sale. Cucumbers are heat-loving plants, so for a year-round business of growing them, you will need a greenhouse. It is she who will provide good conditions for the development of vegetables, the right temperature, the optimal level of humidity during reproduction.

Features of the construction of the greenhouse

The idea of ​​using polycarbonate buildings with lightweight metal structures is now popular. All sizes, illumination, easy installation are observed in them. It remains only to install systems of fertilizer, heating, irrigation, electric lighting. It is thanks to such greenhouses that you can propagate cucumbers all year round and open your own profitable greenhouse business.

Popular types of greenhouses for growing vegetables in winter:

• Design "Innovator-Premium". Ideal for starting a business. It consists of two types of polycarbonate - Russian and Austrian production, thereby providing high plant protection from ultraviolet rays, optimal translucent ability of the greenhouse cover. It has an internal vestibule for placing a heating boiler, automatic watering.
• Greenhouse "Po-Mitlider". It differs in design feature - the presence of a gable roof. Due to the 40 cm elevation of the northern side of the roof, a canopy is formed with rows of built-in ventilation windows. This type of construction is ideal for propagating vegetables all year round in the southern regions and regions with a prolonged thaw.
• Greenhouse "Farmer". It has a reinforced metal frame. The most economical version of the greenhouse design. Such a greenhouse is easier to heat, uses less electricity per year, requires fewer components, high light transparency.

When installing greenhouses, use energy-saving technologies and modern crop production ideas.

Planting material. Varieties of cucumbers

It is advisable to purchase cucumber seeds from breeding companies, from domestic proven producers. Seeds of foreign suppliers, bred in other climatic conditions, sprout worse, give less yield. To prevent unforeseen situations that may threaten your business, use planting material bred by local experts.

The idea of ​​growing cucumbers all year round is to use not only different cucumber varieties, but also F1 hybrids, which have good characteristics.

For the cucumber business, it is necessary to purchase seeds in batches. Choose the variety of cucumbers that bears fruit more often, is less susceptible to various diseases, and does not require careful care. For open ground it is better to use self-pollinated varieties. Suitable varieties that do not require artificial pollination, capable of producing a crop for a whole year - Hercules, Annushka, Emelya.

Growing Chinese plants would also be a good option. They are large and grow quickly. After the first harvest, the number of fruits almost doubles, which is important for doing business. However, they need to be implemented as soon as possible. Such a variety quickly loses its marketable appearance, taste qualities deteriorate.

The hybrid variety Gunnar is perfect for long storage and transportation. Used for early landing. The size of a cucumber can reach 14 cm. Seeds should be planted to a depth of 3–4 cm. The distance between them is 10–15 cm. It is recommended to place them on trellises with stretched ropes (laces) for tying long loops of cucumbers. After the formation of the fourth leaf on the plant, it is important to pinch the vegetable. Thanks to this, side shoots will grow.

When implementing the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bcultivating cucumbers, always consider the various risks of growing vegetables. Growing them, it is impossible not to encounter various diseases and pests. Repeated application of fungicides, herbicides will also be required. Therefore, do not forget to add to the business plan the costs of prevention and treatment of cucumbers, as well as the prevention of negative phenomena. An impeccable growing option is to purchase coconut greenhouse mats that can create the best conditions for growth.

They are placed on polystyrene boards. Seeds are planted in mats, give a nutrient solution. Soon, the root system of cucumbers is formed.

Fertilizer and watering

During planting, cucumbers need top dressing. Humus, compost, potassium sulfate are used as fertilizer. A more economical fertilizer option is chicken manure diluted with water. To feed a large area of ​​land, to feed each bush, automation will be required. Fertilizer is applied to loosened, clean, weed-free land. Cucumbers sprout quickly. Therefore, soon after fertilizing the beds, you can see a noticeable increase in growth.

Cucumbers need regular, but gentle watering. Excessive moisture can be detrimental to the plant, as well as cause various diseases. Due to the lack of water, the taste of the product deteriorates, bitterness appears. The greenhouse can be equipped with an irrigation system. It starts and runs automatically, controlled by the remote control. For uniform distribution of water, a microdropper is supplied to each bush. For example, 1 hectare of land will require 300 kb. l of water. Don't forget about the fog system, as well as the presence of water tanks.

All expenses for fertilizer, its supply, irrigation system should be included in the business plan.

Harvesting

Harvest cucumbers in winter gives more income than in summer. Manual harvesting is carried out 50 days after the end of flowering. Using special equipment for collecting will simplify the task and save time. So, platforms UPNS-10, POU-2 are suitable.

Staff selection. Sales of products

You can handle one greenhouse on your own. For a large business, you will need about five people. For example, for a greenhouse with an area of ​​1 hectare, a manager, a technologist and three workers are needed.

The staff must have a perfect knowledge of vegetable farming. An agricultural background is a must. The business plan also includes scheduling the work of employees, paying salaries, and paying utility bills.

The sale of products consists in drawing up an agreement with retail outlets, food industry enterprises, and agricultural exchanges. The price of cucumbers should be set depending on the season.

The idea of ​​growing cucumbers in greenhouses is becoming popular as it quickly generates high income. The profitability of such a business is high (about 60%).

Without heating. To heat the ridges, biofuel, sheets of roofing material and other tricks are used. A light greenhouse will protect plants from bad weather, frost and other adverse events. In closed ground without additional heating, cucumbers grow until the end of September.

Capital heated greenhouses allow you to make the process continuous. In temperate regions, greenhouses for cucumbers allow excellent harvests in late autumn and winter. To ensure good fruiting, it is important to choose the right size of the greenhouse.

Novice farmers should start with designs area from 100 sq. m. Such greenhouses can be heated with electric or water boilers, stoves, fires, infrared cable. Smaller structures are unprofitable; heating large greenhouses will require significant costs.

Industrial greenhouses for growing cucumbers are much larger and taller. Along the perimeter of greenhouses supporting columns are installed, the structure itself is made on a cinder block or metal frame and a solid foundation.

For , you need a certain way . Greenhouses are sheathed with a double layer of polycarbonate or glass. Industrial greenhouses for cucumbers are equipped with an automatic watering system, temperature control and air humidification. Automatic blinds required for shading in hot weather.

The best greenhouses for cucumbers are made lean-to. This shape of the roof does not allow snow to linger and guarantees good insolation. Ideal for the farmer Sturdy galvanized steel frame, covered .

Such a greenhouse is not cheap, but it is guaranteed to stand for several years without restoration. For additional insulation, a glazed greenhouse can be duplicated with a dense plastic film.

Business Advantages and Disadvantages

Income greenhouse farming depend on yield, season, level of competition and availability of developed sales channels. Cucumber business is most profitable in regions with a temperate climate and a small number of greenhouse farms. In winter time can significantly increase income by raising the price of products. The fewer competitors and the better the product, the more you can earn.

The profitability of a greenhouse for growing cucumbers for business is 50-70%. In a lean year, it can exceed 100%. The greenhouse will pay off in 1-1.5 years, payback periods are reduced with an increase in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe structure.

To help you increase your income:

• expansion of greenhouse facilities;
• work with retail: large retail chains, restaurants and cafes;
• selection of the most productive varieties and hybrids;
• advertising promotion of products.

Having achieved success, you can take on business expansion on cucumbers by building another greenhouse.

A farmer who has made a name for himself can count on high demand and a good price for products. Greenhouse cucumbers can be combined with other popular crops: herbs, tomatoes, sweet peppers.

Universal vegetable farm guarantees big profit and protect against losses.