Conditional graphic symbols on electrical circuit diagrams. Dimensions of symbols in electrical circuits Dimensions of conventional graphic symbols of transistors

Resistor(English) resistor, from lat. resisto I resist) is a radio component, the main purpose of which is to provide active resistance to electric current. The main characteristics of a resistor are nominal resistance and power dissipation. The most widely used fixed resistors, less often - variables, trimmers, as well as resistors that change their resistance under the influence of external factors.

There are wire (from a wire with a high and stable resistivity) and non-wire (with a resistive element, for example, in the form of a thin film of metal oxide, pyrolytic carbon, etc.). However, on the diagrams they are designated the same way - in the form of a rectangle with electrical connection lines, symbolizing the terminals of the resistor ( rice. 2.1). This conditional graphic designation (UGO) is the basis on which UGOs of all types of resistors are built. Indicated in fig. 2.1 the dimensions of the UGO resistors are established by GOST and should be observed when drawing diagrams.
On the diagrams next to the UGO of the resistor (if possible, from above or to the right), its conditional alphanumeric reference designation and nominal resistance are indicated. The positional notation consists of the Latin letter R ( Rezisto) and the serial number of the resistor according to the circuit. Resistance from 0 to 999 Ohm is indicated by a number without a unit designation (51 Ohm -> 51), resistance from 1 to 999 kOhm - by a number with a lowercase letter k (100 kOhm -\u003e 100 k), resistance from 1 to 999 MΩ - by a number with capital letter M (150 MΩ -> 150 M).

If the reference designation of the resistor is marked with an asterisk (resistor R2 * on fig.2.1), this means that the resistance is indicated approximately and when setting up the device, it must be selected according to a certain method.

The rated power dissipation is indicated by special icons inside the conventional graphic designation (Fig. 2.2 ).

Fixed resistors can have taps from the resistive element ( rice. 2.3, a), and, if necessary, the resistor symbol is extended in length ( rice. 2.3, b).

Used for all sorts of adjustments. As a rule, such a resistor has at least three leads: two - from the resistive element, which determines the nominal (and practically - maximum) resistance, and one - from the current collector moving along it - the engine. The latter is depicted as an arrow perpendicular to the long side of the main conditional graphic image ( rice. 2.4, a). For variable resistors in a rheostatic connection, it is allowed to use a conditional graphic image rice. 2.4, b. Variable resistors with additional taps are designated as shown in rice. 2.4, e. The taps for variable resistors are shown in the same way as for constant ones (see. rice. 2.3).

To control the volume, timbre, level in stereo equipment, frequency in measuring signal generators, dual variable resistors are used. On diagrams of conditional graphic images, they try to place the resistors included in them as close as possible to each other, and the mechanical connection is shown either with two solid lines or one dashed line (Fig. 2.5, a). If this cannot be done, i.e., the symbols of the resistors are at a distance from one another, then the mechanical connection is represented by segments of the dashed line ( rice. 2.5, b). The belonging of the resistors to the dual block is indicated in the reference designation (R2.1 is the first resistor of the dual variable resistor R2; R2.2 is the second).

In household appliances, variable resistors are often used, combined with one or two switches. The symbols of their contacts are placed on the diagrams next to the conditional graphic representation of the variable resistor and connected by a dashed line to a bold dot, which is depicted on the side of the UGO, when moving to which the engine acts on the switch, ( rice. 2.6, a). This means that the contacts close when moving away from the point, and open when moving towards it. If the UGO of the resistor and the switch in the diagram are removed from one another, the mechanical connection is shown by segments of dashed lines ( rice. 2.6, b).

Trimmed Resistors are a type of variable. The engine displacement unit of such resistors is most often adapted to control a screwdriver and is not designed for frequent adjustments. UGO trimmer resistor ( rice. 2.7) clearly reflects its purpose: in fact, it is a constant resistor with a tap, the position of which can be changed.
Of the resistors that change their resistance under the influence of external factors, thermistors (RK designation) and varistors (RU, see Fig. tab. 1.1). Common to the conditional graphic representation of the resistors of this group is the sign of non-linear self-regulation in the form of an inclined line with a break at the bottom ( rice. 2.8).

To indicate external factors of influence, their generally accepted letter designations are used: tº (temperature), U (voltage), etc.

The sign of the temperature coefficient of resistance of thermistors is indicated only if it is negative (see Fig. rice. 2.8, resistor RK2).

Gentlemen of electricians, have you ever tried to figure out the sizes of conventional graphic symbols in electrical circuits? It turns out this is not an easy task. The study of GOSTs with recommendations regarding dimensions does not give an unambiguous answer to our question. Recommendations are vague and contradictory. It seems that the standards were written by different people, at different times and were not "friends" with each other.

In this article, I will review GOSTs, with instructions on the size of the UGO image, and express my opinion. You, state your opinion and comments in the comments. So I hope we will come to a consensus.

For convenience, fragments of standards with requirements regarding dimensions are summarized by me in one section: UGO dimensions in electrical circuits, from which we see that we are offered to depict UGO in two versions:

1. ... on a modular grid (GOST 2.730, GOST 2.755, GOST 2.767, GOST 2.768), ... In this case, the step of the modular grid for each circuit can be any, but the same for all elements and devices of this circuit. (GOST 2.701)
2. and indicating specific dimensions in millimeters (GOST 2.722, GOST 2.728, GOST 2.747, GOST 2.756), and all dimensions assume fixed values, and the radius of the winding turn (GOST 2.722) is defined in the range of 1.5 ... 4 mm.

It seems that some authors of the standards wanted to simplify the process of drawing elements of electrical circuits, while others wanted to teach electricians how to use drawing tools. But the most important thing is that all the creators of the standards did not meet and did not develop a general principle for displaying electrical circuit elements.

Let's try to do it ourselves by analyzing the relevant standards:

• GOST 2.722-68 Electrical machines.

• GOST 2.728-74 Resistors, capacitors.
  GOST 2.747-68 Dimensions of conventional graphic symbols.
  By and large, I have no complaints about the sizes of the graphic symbols indicated in these GOSTs, and I use the recommended ones.
• GOST 2.730-73 Semiconductor devices.
  The authors of this standard suggest that we depict electrical circuits in a modular grid. To get rid of the extensible concept: (In this case, the step of the modular grid for each circuit can be any, but the same for all elements and devices of this circuit (GOST 2.701)), and also bring it into line with elements built with dimensions in specific units of measurement , I set the grid spacing to 1 mm..
  In this standard, on the designation, the distance between the terminals of the drain-source field-effect transistor is 4 divisions (mm.), And the field-effect transistor with an insulated gate is 5 mm. on the visual display of the designation, but increased convenience when building an electrical circuit.
• GOST 2.755 Switching devices and contact connections.
  Contact sizes are also presented in the modular grid. For the convenience of drawing diagrams in graphic editors, the size determined by 6 grid divisions was taken equal to 5 mm., All designation elements were changed proportionally.
• GOST 2.756 Receiving part of electromechanical devices.
  Similarly to the previous paragraph, the dimensions of the coils are 6x12 mm., I changed them to a size of 5x10 mm. By the way, the size of the coil in GOST 2.767 Protection relay is already 5x10 grid divisions.
  Probably the authors of this GOST understood that these dimensions are preferable.
• GOST 2.768 Electrochemical, electrothermal and thermal sources.
  After analyzing the dimensions of the elements presented in this section, I came to the conclusion that the grid division for these elements is 2 mm.
  Take for example the designation of a thermoelectric generator, the size of which in this GOST is 5x7.5 divisions, and in GOST 2.701, the same element is located in a grid of 10x15 divisions.

In conclusion, we can say that Russian standards do not contain unambiguous requirements for the size of conventional graphic symbols in electrical circuits.
Primary requirements:

• The dimensions of the conventional graphic symbols, as well as the thickness of their lines, must be the same on all diagrams for a given product (installation).

• All sizes of graphic symbols can be proportionally changed.

GOST 2.702-2011

Group T52

INTERSTATE STANDARD

Unified system of design documentation

RULES FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF ELECTRICAL SCHEMES

Unified system of design documentation. Rules for presentation of electrical schemes

ISS 01.100
OKSTU 0002

Introduction date 2012-01-01

Foreword

The goals, basic principles and basic procedure for carrying out work on interstate standardization are established by GOST 1.0-92 "Interstate standardization system. Basic provisions" and GOST 1.2-2009 "Interstate standardization system. Interstate standards, rules and recommendations for interstate standardization. Rules for the development, adoption, application, renewal and cancellation

About the standard

1 DEVELOPED by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Standardization and Certification in Mechanical Engineering" (FSUE "VNIINMASH"), Autonomous Non-Commercial Organization "Research Center for CALS-Technologies "Applied Logistics" (ANO NRC CALS-Technologies "Applied Logistics" )

2 INTRODUCED by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology

3 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (Minutes of May 12, 2011 N 39)

Voted for the adoption of the standard:

4 By order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated August 3, 2011 N 211-st, the interstate standard GOST 2.702-2011 was put into effect as the national standard of the Russian Federation from January 1, 2012.

5 INSTEAD OF GOST 2.702-75


Information on the entry into force (termination) of this standard is published in the index "National Standards".

Information about changes to this standard is published in the "National Standards" index, and the text of the changes is published in the "National Standards" information indexes. In case of revision or cancellation of this standard, the relevant information will be published in the information index "National Standards"

1 area of ​​use

1 area of ​​use

This standard applies to electrical circuits of products in all industries, as well as electrical circuits of power facilities and establishes the rules for their implementation.

Based on this standard, it is allowed, if necessary, to develop standards for the implementation of electrical circuits for products of specific types of equipment, taking into account their specifics.

2 Normative references

This standard uses normative references to the following interstate standards:

GOST 2.051-2006 Unified system for design documentation. Electronic documents. General provisions

GOST 2.053-2006 Unified system for design documentation. Electronic structure of the product. General provisions

GOST 2.104-2006 Unified system for design documentation. Basic inscriptions

GOST 2.701-2008 Unified system for design documentation. Scheme. Types and types. General performance requirements

GOST 2.709-89 Unified system for design documentation. Conventional designations of wires and contact connections of electrical elements, equipment and sections of circuits in electrical circuits

GOST 2.710-81 Unified system for design documentation. Alphanumeric designations in electrical circuits

GOST 2.721-74 Unified system for design documentation. Conditional graphic designations in schemes. General purpose symbols

GOST 2.755-87 Unified system for design documentation. Conditional graphic designations in electrical circuits. Switching devices and contact connections

Note - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year , and according to the corresponding monthly published information signs published in the current year. If the reference standard is replaced (modified), then when using this standard, you should be guided by the replacing (modified) standard. If the referenced standard is canceled without replacement, the provision in which the reference to it is given applies to the extent that this reference is not affected.

3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations

3.1 The following terms are used in this standard with their respective definitions:

3.2 The following abbreviations are used in this standard:

ESKD - Unified system of design documentation;

UGO - conventional graphic symbols;

ESI - electronic structure of the product;

CD - design document.

4 Fundamentals

4.1 Electrical diagram - a document containing in the form of conventional images or symbols the components of the product, acting with the help of electrical energy, and their interrelations.

4.2 Electrical diagrams can be made as a paper and (or) electronic CD.

4.3 General requirements for implementation, types and types of schemes - according to GOST 2.701.

Rules for constructing conditional alphanumeric designations of elements, devices and functional groups in electrical circuits - according to GOST 2.710.

Note - If the electrical circuit is performed as an electronic design documentation, GOST 2.051 should be additionally followed.

4.4 Electrical circuits, depending on the main purpose, are divided into the following types:

- structural;

- functional;

- fundamental;

- connections;

- connections;

- are common;

- location.

4.5 It is allowed to place explanatory inscriptions, diagrams or tables on the diagram that determine the sequence of processes in time, as well as indicate the parameters at characteristic points (values ​​of currents, voltages, shapes and sizes of pulses, mathematical dependencies, etc.).

5 Rules for the execution of schemes

5.1 Rules for the execution of block diagrams

5.1.1 The block diagram depicts all the main functional parts of the product (elements, devices and functional groups) and the main relationships between them.

5.1.2 Functional parts in the diagram are depicted in the form of rectangles or UGOs.

5.1.3 The graphic construction of the diagram should provide the best idea of ​​the sequence of interaction of functional parts in the product.

On the lines of relationships, it is recommended that arrows indicate the direction of the course of processes occurring in the product.

5.1.4 The diagram should indicate the names of each functional part of the product, if a rectangle is used to designate it.

It is allowed to indicate the type of element (device) and (or) the designation of the document (main design document, standard, technical specifications) on the basis of which this element (device) is used on the diagram.

When depicting functional parts in the form of rectangles, it is recommended to enter names, types and designations inside the rectangles.

5.1.5 With a large number of functional parts, instead of names, types and designations, it is allowed to put serial numbers to the right of the image or above it, as a rule, from top to bottom in the direction from left to right. In this case, the names, types and designations are indicated in the table placed on the field of the scheme.

5.2 Rules for the execution of functional diagrams

5.2.1 The functional diagram depicts the functional parts of the product (elements, devices and functional groups) involved in the process illustrated by the diagram, and the links between these parts.

5.2.2 The functional parts and the relationships between them are depicted in the diagram in the form of UGOs established in the ESKD standards. Separate functional parts are allowed to be depicted in the form of rectangles.

5.2.3 The graphical construction of the diagram should give the most visual representation of the sequence of processes illustrated by the diagram.

5.2.4 Elements and devices are depicted on the diagrams in a combined or spaced way.

5.2.5 In the combined method, the components of elements or devices are shown on the diagram in close proximity to each other.

5.2.6 With the exploded method, the components of elements and devices or individual elements of devices are depicted on the diagram in different places so that the individual circuits of the product are depicted most clearly.

It is allowed to depict all and individual elements or devices in a spaced way.

When executing schemes, it is recommended to use the line method. At the same time, the UGO of the elements or their components included in one chain are depicted sequentially one after another in a straight line, and individual chains - side by side, forming parallel (horizontal or vertical) lines.

When executing the scheme in a line way, it is allowed to number the lines with Arabic numerals (see Figure 1).

Picture 1

5.2.7 When depicting elements or devices in a spaced way, it is allowed to place UGOs of elements or devices made in a combined way in the free field of the scheme. At the same time, the elements or devices used in the product in part are depicted in full with an indication of the used and unused parts or elements (for example, all contacts of a multi-contact relay).

The conclusions (contacts) of unused elements (parts) are shown shorter than the conclusions (contacts) of the used elements (parts) (see Figure 2).

Figure 2

5.2.8 Schemes are performed in a multi-line or single-line image.

5.2.9 With a multi-line image, each circuit is depicted as a separate line, and the elements contained in these circuits are shown as separate UGOs (see Figure 3 A).

Figure 3

5.2.10 With a single-line image, circuits that perform identical functions are depicted with one line, and the same elements of these circuits are depicted with one UGO (see Figure 3 b).

5.2.11 If necessary, electrical circuits are indicated on the diagram. These designations must comply with the requirements of GOST 2.709.

5.2.12 When depicting different functional circuits on the same diagram, it is allowed to distinguish them by line thickness. In one scheme, it is recommended to use no more than three line sizes in thickness. If necessary, appropriate explanations are placed on the field of the diagram.

5.2.13 To simplify the diagram, it is allowed to merge several electrically unconnected interconnection lines into a group interconnection line, but when approaching contacts (elements), each interconnection line is depicted as a separate line.

When merging interconnection lines, each line is marked at the merging point, and, if necessary, at both ends with symbols (numbers, letters or a combination of letters and numbers) or symbols adopted for electrical circuits (see 5.2.11).

Line designations are affixed in accordance with the requirements given in GOST 2.721.

Electrical interconnection lines merged into a group interconnection line, as a rule, should not have branchings, i.e. each conditional number must occur twice on the group interconnection line. If branching is necessary, their number is indicated after the serial number of the line through a fractional line (see Figure 4).

Figure 4

5.2.14 It is allowed, if this does not complicate the diagram, to connect the separately depicted parts of the elements with a mechanical interconnection line indicating that they belong to one element.

In this case, the item designations of the elements are affixed at one or both ends of the mechanical relationship line.

5.2.15 The diagram should indicate:

- for each functional group - the designation assigned to it on the schematic diagram, and (or) its name; if the functional group is shown as a UGO, then its name is not indicated;

- for each device shown in the form of a rectangle - the reference designation assigned to it on the schematic diagram, its name and type and (or) the designation of the document (main design document, standard, technical specifications), on the basis of which this device is applied;

- for each device depicted in the form of a UGO, the reference designation assigned to it on the schematic diagram, its type and (or) document designation;

- for each element - reference designation assigned to it on the circuit diagram, and (or) its type.

The designation of the document on the basis of which the device was used, and the type of element may not be indicated.

Names, types and designations are recommended to be entered in rectangles.

5.3 Rules for the execution of circuit diagrams

5.3.1 The schematic diagram depicts all electrical elements or devices necessary for the implementation and control of installed electrical processes in the product, all electrical interconnections between them, as well as electrical elements (connectors, clamps, etc.) that end the input and output chains.

5.3.2 It is allowed to depict connecting and mounting elements installed in the product for structural reasons on the diagram.

5.3.3 Schemes are performed for products that are in the off position.

In technically justified cases, it is allowed to depict individual elements of the circuit in the selected working position with an indication of the mode for which these elements are depicted on the field of the circuit.

5.3.4 Elements and devices, the UGOs of which are established in the ESKD standards, are depicted in the diagram in the form of these UGOs.

Note - If the UGO is not established by the standards, then the developer performs the UGO on the margins of the diagram and gives explanations.

5.3.5 Elements or devices used in the product in part may not be depicted in the diagram in full, limited to depicting only the parts or elements used.

5.3.6 When performing the circuit diagram, it is allowed to use the provisions specified in 5.2.4-5.2.14.

5.3.7 Each element and (or) device that has an independent circuit diagram and is considered as an element included in the product and depicted in the diagram must have a designation (reference designation) in accordance with GOST 2.710.

It is recommended that devices that do not have independent circuit diagrams and functional groups be assigned designations in accordance with GOST 2.710.

5.3.8 Positional designations for elements (devices) should be assigned within the product (installation).

5.3.9 Serial numbers to elements (devices) should be assigned, starting from one, within a group of elements (devices), which are assigned the same letter designation in the diagram, for example, , , etc., , , etc.

5.3.10 Ordinal numbers should be assigned in accordance with the sequence of arrangement of elements or devices on the diagram from top to bottom in the direction from left to right.

If necessary, it is allowed to change the sequence of assigning serial numbers, depending on the placement of elements in the product, the direction of the signals, or the functional sequence of the process.

When changes are made to the schema, the order in which sequence numbers are assigned can be changed.

5.3.11 Positional designations are put down on the diagram next to the UGO elements and (or) devices on the right side or above them.

It is allowed to put down the positional designation inside the UGO rectangle.

5.3.12 On the product diagram, which includes devices that do not have independent circuit diagrams, it is allowed to assign reference designations to elements within each device.

If the product includes several identical devices, then reference designations should be assigned to the elements within these devices.

Sequence numbers for elements should be assigned according to the rules specified in 5.3.9.

Elements that are not included in the devices are assigned reference designations, starting from one, according to the rules established in 5.3.8-5.3.10.

5.3.13 On the product diagram, which includes functional groups, reference designations are assigned to elements according to the rules established in 5.3.8-5.3.10, while first designations are assigned to elements that are not included in functional groups, and then to elements included in into functional groups.

If the product has several identical functional groups, the reference designations of the elements assigned in one of these groups should be repeated in all subsequent groups.

The designation of the functional group, assigned in accordance with GOST 2.710, is indicated near the image of the functional group (top or right).

5.3.14 When an element or device is depicted in a diagram in a spaced way, the reference designation of the element or device is put down near each component (see Figure 5).

Figure 5

If the circuit field is divided into zones or the circuit is made in a line way, then to the right of the reference designation or under the reference designation of each component part of the element or device, it is allowed to indicate in brackets the zone designations or line numbers in which all other components of this element or device are shown (see .figure 6).

Figure 6

When depicting an element or device on a diagram in a spaced way, it is allowed to put down the reference designation of each component part of the element or device, as in the combined method, but indicating for each part the designations of the leads (contacts).

5.3.15 When depicting individual elements of devices in different places, the reference designation of the device they are included in should be included in the designation of these elements, for example = A3-C5 - capacitor C5 included in the device A3.

5.3.16 With a spaced method of representing a functional group (if necessary, and a combined method), the designation of the functional group must be included in the positional designations of the elements included in this group, for example, T1-C5 - capacitor C5, included in the functional group T1.

5.3.17 With a single-line image near one UGO, replacing several UGOs of identical elements or devices, indicate the reference designations of all these elements or devices.

If the same elements or devices are not found in all circuits shown in a single line, then to the right of the reference designation or below it in square brackets indicate the designations of the circuits in which these elements or devices are located (see Figure 3).

5.3.18 On the circuit diagram, all elements and devices that are part of the product and shown on the diagram must be unambiguously identified.

Data on the elements should be recorded in the list of elements, drawn up in the form of a table in accordance with GOST 2.701. In this case, the connection of the list with the UGO elements should be carried out through reference designations.

For electronic documents, the list of elements is drawn up as a separate document.

When including circuit elements in the ESI (GOST 2.053), a list of elements drawn up in accordance with GOST 2.701 is recommended to be obtained from it in the form of a report.

It is allowed in some cases established by the standards to place all information about the elements near the UGO.

5.3.19 In case of complex entry, for example, when a device that does not have an independent circuit diagram includes one or more devices having independent circuit diagrams and (or) functional groups, or if a functional group includes one or more devices, etc. etc., then in the list of elements in the column "Name" before the name of devices that do not have independent circuit diagrams and functional groups, it is allowed to put serial numbers (i.e., similar to the designation of sections, subsections, etc.) within the entire scheme of the product (See Figure 7). Functional nodes or devices (including those made on a separate board) are distinguished by dashed lines. If on the diagram the item designation of the element includes the item designation of the device or the designation of the functional group, then in the list of elements in the column "Pos. Designation" indicate the item designation of the element without the item designation of the device or designation of the functional group.

Figure 7

5.3.20 When specifying the values ​​of resistors and capacitors near the UGO (see Figure 8), it is allowed to use a simplified method for designating units of values:

- for resistors:

from 0 to 999 Ohm - without specifying units,

from 1 10 to 999 10 ohms - in kiloohms with the designation of the unit of quantities by a lowercase letter k,

from 1 10 to 999 10 ohms - in megaohms with the unit designation of the capital letter M,

over 1 10 Ohm - in gigaohms with the designation of the unit of quantities with a capital letter Г;

- for capacitors:

from 0 to 9999 12 F* - in picofarads without specifying the unit of values,
________________
* The text of the document corresponds to the original. - Database manufacturer's note.


from 1 10 to 9999 10 F - in microfarads with the designation of the unit of magnitude in lowercase letters MK.

Figure 8

5.3.21 The diagram should indicate the designations of the leads (contacts) of the elements (devices) applied to the product or installed in their documentation.

If the designation of the element (device) and its documentation do not indicate the designations of the leads (contacts), then it is allowed to conditionally assign designations to them on the diagram, repeating them in the future in the relevant design documents.

When conditionally assigning designations to outputs (contacts), an appropriate explanation is placed on the circuit field.

When depicting several identical elements (devices) on the diagram, it is allowed to indicate the designations of the leads (contacts) on one of them.

With the spaced method of depicting identical elements (devices), the designations of the leads (contacts) are indicated on each component of the element (device).

To distinguish on the diagram of the designations of the leads (contacts) from other designations (designations of circuits, etc.), it is allowed to write the designations of the leads (contacts) with a qualifying symbol in accordance with the requirements of GOST 2.710.

5.3.22 When an element or device is depicted in a spaced way, an explanatory inscription is placed near one component of the product or in the field of the diagram near the image of an element or device made in a combined way.

5.3.23 It is recommended to indicate on the diagram the characteristics of the input and output circuits of the product (frequency, voltage, current strength, resistance, inductance, etc.), as well as the parameters to be measured on control contacts, sockets, etc.

If it is impossible to indicate the characteristics or parameters of the input and output circuits of the product, then it is recommended to indicate the name of the circuits or controlled quantities.

5.3.24 If the product is obviously designed to work only in a certain product (installation), then it is allowed to indicate on the diagram the addresses of the external connections of the input and output circuits of this product. The address must ensure unambiguous connection, for example, if the output contact of the product must be connected to the fifth contact of the third connector of the device, then the address must be written as follows: =3:5.

It is allowed to indicate the address in a general form, if the uniqueness of the connection is ensured, for example, "Device A".

5.3.25 The characteristics of the input and output circuits of the product, as well as the addresses of their external connections, are recommended to be written in tables placed instead of UGOs for input and output elements - connectors, boards, etc. (See Figure 9).

Figure 9

Above the table it is allowed to indicate the contact UGO - a socket or a pin.

Tables are allowed to be performed in a spaced way.

The order of contacts in the table is determined by the convenience of constructing the circuit.

It is allowed to place tables with circuit characteristics if there are input and output elements on the UGO circuit - connectors, boards, etc. (See Figure 10).

Figure 10

Similar tables are recommended to be placed on lines depicting input and output circuits and not ending on the diagram with connectors, boards, etc. In this case, positional designations are not assigned to tables.

Notes

1 If there are several tables in the schema, it is allowed to show the head of the table in only one of them.

2 In the absence of characteristics of input and output circuits or addresses of their external connection, the table does not provide a column with these data.

If necessary, additional columns can be added to the table.

3 It is allowed to put down in the column "Kont." several consecutive pin numbers if they are interconnected. Contact numbers are separated from each other by a comma.

5.3.26 When depicting multi-pin connectors on the diagram, it is allowed to use UGOs that do not show individual contacts (GOST 2.755).

Information about the connection of connector contacts is indicated in one of the following ways:

- near the image of the connectors, on the free field of the diagram or on subsequent sheets of the diagram, tables are placed that indicate the connection address [circuit designation (see Figure 11 A) and (or) reference designation of the elements connected to this contact (see Figure 11 b)].

Figure 11

If necessary, the table indicates the characteristics of circuits and addresses of external connections (see Figure 11 A).

If the tables are placed on the diagram field or on subsequent sheets, then they are assigned the positional designations of the connectors to which they are compiled.



in the column "Cont." - connector pin number. Contact numbers are written in ascending order,

in the column "Address" - the designation of the circuit and (or) the reference designation of the elements connected to the contacts,

in the column "Chain" - a characteristic of the circuit,

in the column "External address" - the address of the external connection;

- connections with connector contacts are depicted in a spaced way (see Figure 12).

Figure 12

Notes

1 Dots connected by a dashed line to a connector indicate connections to the corresponding pins on that connector.

2 If necessary, the characteristics of the circuits are placed in the free field of the diagram above the continuation of the interconnection lines.

5.3.27 When depicting elements on the diagram, the parameters of which are selected during regulation, asterisks (for example *) are put down near the positional designations of these elements on the diagram and in the list of elements, and a footnote is placed in the field of the diagram: "* Selected during regulation".

The list should include elements whose parameters are closest to the calculated ones.

The limiting values ​​of the parameters of the elements allowed for selection are indicated in the list in the "Note" column.

If the parameter selected during regulation is provided by elements of various types, then these elements are listed in the technical requirements in the circuit field, and the following data is indicated in the columns of the list of elements:

in the column "Name" - the name of the element and the parameter closest to the calculated one;

in the column "Note" - a link to the relevant paragraph of the technical requirements and the limiting values ​​​​of the parameters permissible during the selection.

5.3.28 If a parallel or series connection is made to obtain a certain parameter value (capacitance or resistance of a certain value), then in the list of elements in the "Notes" column indicate the total (total) parameter of the elements (for example, 151 kOhm).

5.3.29 When depicting a device (or devices) in the form of a rectangle, it is allowed to place tables with the characteristics of input and output circuits in the rectangle instead of UGO input and output elements (see Figure 13), and outside the rectangle it is allowed to place tables indicating the addresses of external connections (see see figure 14).

Figure 13

Figure 14

If necessary, it is allowed to enter additional columns into the tables.

Each table is assigned a positional designation of the element, instead of the UGO of which it is placed.

In the table, instead of the word "Kont." it is allowed to place a symbolic graphic designation of the connector contact (see Figure 14).

On the product diagram, it is allowed to place structural or functional diagrams of devices in the rectangles depicting devices, or completely or partially repeat their circuit diagrams.

The elements of these devices are not recorded in the list of elements.

If the product includes several identical devices, then the device diagram is recommended to be placed in the free field of the product diagram (and not in a rectangle) with the appropriate inscription, for example, "Scheme of blocks A1-A4", or at the first occurrence of such a block, open its diagram, and later designate similar blocks with rectangles with the corresponding letter designation.

5.3.30 In the field of the diagram, it is allowed to place instructions on the brands, sections and colors of wires and cables (stranded wires, electric cords), which should be used to connect the elements, as well as instructions on the specific requirements for the electrical installation of this product.

5.4 Rules for executing circuit diagrams

5.4.1 The connection diagram should depict all devices and elements included in the product, their input and output elements (connectors, boards, clamps, etc.), as well as connections between these devices and elements.

5.4.2 Devices and elements on the diagram depict:

- devices - in the form of rectangles or simplified external outlines;

- elements - in the form of UGO, rectangles or simplified external outlines.

When depicting elements in the form of rectangles or simplified external outlines, it is allowed to place UGO elements inside them.

The input and output elements are depicted as UGO.

It is allowed to depict input and output elements according to the rules established in 5.3.25, 5.3.26 and 5.3.29.

5.4.3 The location of the graphic symbols of devices and elements on the diagram should approximately correspond to the actual placement of elements and devices in the product.

The arrangement of images of input and output elements or outputs within graphic symbols and devices or elements should approximately correspond to their actual placement in the device or element.

It is allowed not to reflect the location of devices and elements in the product on the diagram if the diagram is performed on several sheets or the placement of devices and elements at the place of operation is unknown.

5.4.4 Elements used in the product in part may not be depicted in the diagram in full, limited to depicting only the parts used.

5.4.5 In the diagram, near the graphic designations of devices and elements, the reference designations assigned to them on the schematic diagram are indicated.

Near or inside the graphic designation of the device, it is allowed to indicate its name, type and (or) designation of the document on the basis of which the device was used.

5.4.6 The diagram should indicate the designations of the leads (contacts) of the elements (devices) applied to the product or installed in their documentation.

If the designation of the device or element and its documentation do not indicate the designations of input and output elements (outputs), then it is allowed to conditionally assign designations to them on the diagram, repeating them in the future in the relevant design documents.

When conditionally assigning designations to input and output elements (outputs), an appropriate explanation is placed on the circuit field.

When depicting several identical devices on the diagram, it is allowed to indicate the terminal designations on one of them (for example, the pinout of electrovacuum devices).

5.4.7 Devices and elements with the same external connections may be depicted on a diagram indicating the connection for only one device or element.

5.4.8 Devices with independent connection diagrams may be depicted on the product diagram without showing the connection of wires and cable cores (stranded wires, electric cords) to input and output elements.

5.4.9 When depicted on the connector diagram, it is allowed to use UGOs that do not show individual contacts (GOST 2.755).

In this case, tables indicating the connection of contacts are placed near the image of the connector, on the field of the diagram or on subsequent sheets of the diagram (see Figure 15).

Figure 15

When placing tables on the field of the scheme or on subsequent sheets, they are assigned the reference designations of the connectors, in addition to which they are compiled.

It is allowed to enter additional columns in the table (for example, wire data).

If the bundle (cable - stranded wire, electric cord, group of wires) connects the same-name connector contacts, then it is allowed to place a table near one end of the image of the bundle (cable - stranded wire, electric cord, group of wires).

If information about the connection of contacts is given in the connection table, then tables indicating the connection of contacts on the diagram may not be placed.

5.4.10 On the product diagram, inside rectangles or simplified external outlines depicting devices, it is allowed to depict their structural, functional or circuit diagrams.

5.4.11 In the absence of a circuit diagram of the product on the connection diagram, positional designations are assigned to devices, as well as elements that are not included in the circuit diagrams of the component parts of the product, according to the rules established in 5.3.7-5.3.11, and write them down in the list of elements.

5.4.12 On the connection diagram of the product, it is allowed to show the external connections of the product according to the rules established in 5.5.8, 5.5.9.

5.4.13 Wires, groups of wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electrical cords) must be shown in the diagram as separate lines. The thickness of the lines depicting wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electrical cords) in the diagrams should be from 0.4 to 1 mm.

To simplify the outline of the diagram, it is allowed to twist individual wires or cables (stranded wires, electric cords) that run in one direction on the diagram into a common line.

When approaching the contacts, each wire and cable core (stranded wire, electrical cord) is depicted as a separate line.

Lines depicting wires, groups of wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) are allowed not to be drawn or cut off near the connection points if their image makes it difficult to read the diagram.

In these cases, on the diagram near the connection points (see Figure 16) or in the table on the free field of the circuit (see Figure 17), information is placed in an amount sufficient to ensure an unambiguous connection.

Figure 16 Figure 17

5.4.14 On the product diagram, which includes multi-contact elements, lines depicting bundles (cables - stranded wires, electrical cords, groups of wires) can only be brought up to the contour of the graphic designation of the element, without showing connection to the contacts.

Instructions for connecting wires or cable cores (stranded wire, electric cord) to contacts are given in this case in one of the following ways:

- at the contacts, they show the ends of the lines depicting wires or cable cores (stranded wire, electric cord), and indicate their designations. The ends of the lines are directed towards the corresponding bundle, cable (stranded wire, electric cord), group of wires (see Figure 18);

- a table indicating the connection of contacts is placed next to the image of the multi-contact element. The table is connected by a leader line with the corresponding bundle, cable (stranded wire, electric cord), group of wires (see Figure 19).

Figure 18

Figure 19

5.4.15 The input elements through which the wires pass (a group of wires, bundles, cables - stranded wires, electrical cords) are depicted in the form of UGOs established in the ESKD standards.

Bushings, glands, glands, contacts and holders soldered into a printed circuit board are shown in the form of UGOs shown in Figure 20.

A- a line depicting a wire (a group of wires, a bundle, a cable - a stranded wire, an electric cord)

Figure 20

5.4.16 The diagram should indicate the designations of the input elements applied to the product.

If the designations of the input elements are not indicated in the product design, then it is allowed to conditionally assign designations to them on the connection diagram, repeating them in the relevant design documentation. In this case, the necessary explanations are placed on the field of the scheme.

5.4.17 Single-core wires, bundles, cables (stranded wires, electrical cords) must be marked with serial numbers within the product.

Wires, bundles, cables (stranded wires, electric cords) should be numbered separately. In this case, the wires included in the bundle are numbered within the bundle, and the cores of the cable (stranded wire, electric cord) are numbered within the cable (stranded wire, electric cord).

Notes

1 Continuous numbering of all wires and cable cores (stranded wires, electric cords) within the product is allowed.

2 End-to-end numbering of individual wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) within the product is allowed. In this case, the wires included in the bundle are numbered within the bundle, and the cores of the cable (stranded wire, electric cord) are numbered within the cable (stranded wire, electric cord).

3 It is allowed not to designate bundles, cables (stranded wires, electric cords) and individual wires if the product for which the diagram is made is included in the complex and designations for bundles, cables (stranded wires, electric cords) and wires will be assigned within the entire complex.

4 It is allowed to assign designations to groups of wires.

5.4.18 If on the circuit diagram electrical circuits are assigned designations in accordance with GOST 2.709, then all single-core wires, cable cores (stranded wires, electric cords) and wire harnesses are assigned the same designations. At the same time, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) are designated in accordance with the requirements of 5.4.17.

5.4.19 On the diagram, using an alphabetic (alphanumeric) designation, it is allowed to determine the functional affiliation of a wire, bundle or cable (stranded wire, electric cord) to a specific complex, room or functional circuit.

An alphabetic (alphanumeric) designation is put down before the designation of each wire, bundle, cable (stranded wire, electric cord), separating it with a hyphen. In this case, the letter (alphanumeric) designation is included in the designation of each wire, bundle and cable (stranded wire, electric cord).

The hyphen in the designation is allowed not to be affixed, if this does not confuse the reading of the diagram.

If all wires, bundles, cables (stranded wires, electrical cords) shown in the diagram belong to the same complex, room or functional circuit, then the letter (alphanumeric) designation is not affixed, and an appropriate explanation is placed on the field of the diagram.

5.4.20 The numbers of wires and cores of cables (stranded wires, electric cords) in the diagram are usually put down near both ends of the images.

The numbers of cables (stranded wires, electric cords) are put down in circles placed in breaks in the images of cables (stranded wires, electric cords) near the branching points of the cores.

The harness numbers are put down on the shelves of the leader lines near the branching points of the wires.

The wire group numbers are put down near the callout lines.

Notes

1 When designating cables (stranded wires, electric cords) in accordance with the requirements of 5.4.19, as well as with a large number of cables (stranded wires, electric cords) running in the same direction on the diagram, cable numbers (stranded wires, electric cords) are allowed put in a line break without a circle.

2 When depicting wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) of a large length on the diagram, the numbers are put down at intervals determined by the convenience of using the diagram.

5.4.21 The diagram should indicate:



- for cables (stranded wires, electric cords) recorded in the specification as a material - the brand, number and cross section of the cores and, if necessary, the number of occupied cores. The number of occupied cores is indicated in a rectangle placed to the right of the cable data designation (stranded wire, electric cord);

- for bundles, cables and wires manufactured separately, - the designation of the main design document.

The diagram shows the characteristics of the input and output circuits of devices and elements or other initial data necessary for the selection of specific wires and cables (stranded wires, electric cords), if, when developing the scheme of the complex, data on wires and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) cannot be defined.

Characteristics of input and output circuits are recommended to be indicated in the form of tables (see 5.3.25) placed instead of conventional graphic symbols of input and output elements.

5.4.22 Data (brand, section, etc.) about wires and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) indicate near the lines depicting wires and cables (stranded wires, electric cords).

In this case, it is allowed not to assign designations to wires and cables (stranded wires, electric cords).

When specifying data on wires and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) in the form of symbols, these designations are deciphered in the field of the diagram.

The same brand, section and other data on all or most wires and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) can be indicated in the field of the diagram.

5.4.23 If the connection points are not indicated on the diagram (for example, individual contacts are not shown in the image of connectors) or it is difficult to find the points of connection of wires and cable cores (stranded wire, electric cord), then the data on wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electrical cords) and the addresses of their connections are summarized in a table called the "Table of Connections". The connection table should be placed on the first sheet of the diagram or performed as a separate document.

The connection table, placed on the first sheet of the diagram, is usually placed above the title block. The distance between the table and the title block must be at least 12 mm.

The continuation of the connection table is placed to the left of the main inscription, repeating the head of the table.

The table of connections in the form of an independent document is performed on A4 format. The main inscription and additional columns to it are performed in accordance with GOST 2.104 (forms 2 and 2a).

5.4.24 The form of the connection table is chosen by the circuit designer, depending on the information that needs to be placed on the circuit (see Figure 21).

Figure 21

The columns of the tables indicate the following data:

in the column "Wire designation" - designation of a single-core wire, cable core (stranded wire, electric cord) or bundle wire;

in the columns "Where it comes from", "Where it comes from" - conditional alphanumeric designations of the connected elements or devices;

in the column "Connections" - conventional alphanumeric designations of the connected elements or devices, separating them with a comma;

in the column "Wire data":

- for a single-core wire - brand, section and, if necessary, coloring in accordance with the document on the basis of which it is used;

- for a cable (stranded wire, electric cord) recorded in the specification as a material - the brand, cross section and number of cores in accordance with the document on the basis of which the cable (stranded wire, electric cord) is used;

in the column "Note" - additional clarifying data.

Notes

2 It is allowed to divide columns into subgraphs.

5.4.25 When filling in the connection table, the following order should be followed:

- when making connections with separate wires, the wires are recorded in the table in ascending order of the numbers assigned to them;

- when making connections with wires of bundles or cores of cables (stranded wires, electric cords), before recording the wires of each bundle or cores of each cable (stranded wire, electric cord), a heading is placed, for example: "Bundle 1" or "Bundle ABVG.ХХХХХХ.032" ; "Cable 3" or "Cable ABVG.ХХХХХХ.042"; "Wire 5". The wires of the bundle or cores of the cable (stranded wire, electric cord) are recorded in ascending order of the numbers assigned to the wires or cores;

- when making connections with individual wires, wire harnesses and cables (stranded wires, electrical cords), the individual wires (without a header) are first recorded in the connection table, and then (with appropriate headers) the wire harnesses and cables (stranded wires, electrical cords).

If insulating tubes, shielding braids, etc. are to be put on individual wires, then appropriate instructions are placed in the "Note" column. It is allowed to place these instructions on the field of the scheme.

Note - When using the wiring diagram only for wiring, a different recording order is allowed if it is established in industry standards.

5.4.26 On the connection diagram, near both ends of the lines depicting individual wires, wires of bundles and cores of cables (stranded wires, electric cords), it is allowed to indicate the address of the connections. In this case, the connection table is not compiled. It is allowed not to assign designations to wires.

5.4.27 It is allowed to place the necessary technical instructions on the field of the scheme above the main inscription, for example:

- requirements on the inadmissibility of joint laying of certain wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electric cords);

- minimum allowable distances between wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electric cords); data on the specificity of the laying and protection of wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electric cords), etc.

5.5 Rules for the implementation of wiring diagrams

5.5.1 The connection diagram should show the product, its input and output elements (connectors, clamps, etc.) and the ends of wires and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) connected to them for external installation, near which connection data is placed products [characteristics of external circuits and (or) addresses].

5.5.2 The product in the diagram is shown as a rectangle, and its input and output elements are shown as UGO.

It is allowed to depict the product in the form of simplified external outlines. The input and output elements are depicted in this case in the form of simplified external outlines.

5.5.3 Placement of images of input and output elements within the graphic designation of the product should approximately correspond to their actual placement in the product.

5.5.4 The diagram should indicate the reference designations of the input and output elements assigned to them on the schematic diagram of the product.

5.5.5 Lead-in elements (for example, glands, cable glands, bushings, contacts and holders soldered to a printed circuit board) through which wires or cables pass (stranded wires, electrical cords, coaxial cables) are shown in the diagram according to the rules established in 5.4.15.

5.5.6 The diagram should indicate the designations of the input, output or output elements applied to the product.

If the designations of input, output and output elements are not indicated in the design of the product, then it is allowed to conditionally assign designations to them on the diagram, repeating them in the corresponding design documentation. In this case, the necessary explanations are placed on the field of the scheme.

5.5.7 On the diagram near the UGO connectors to which wires and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) are connected, it is allowed to indicate the names of these connectors and (or) the designations of the documents on the basis of which they are applied.

5.5.8 Wires and cables (stranded wires, electrical cords) should be shown in the diagram as separate lines.

5.5.9 If necessary, the diagram indicates the brands, sections, colors of wires, as well as brands of cables (stranded wires, electric cords), the number, cross section and employment of cores.

When specifying brands, sections and colors of wires in the form of symbols in the field of the scheme, these designations are deciphered.

5.6 Rules for the execution of general schemes

5.6.1 The general diagram shows the devices and elements included in the complex, as well as wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) connecting these devices and elements.

5.6.2 Devices and elements in the diagram are shown as rectangles. It is allowed to depict elements in the form of UGO or simplified external outlines, and devices - in the form of simplified external outlines.

The location of the graphic symbols of devices and elements on the diagram should approximately correspond to the actual placement of elements and devices in the product.

It is allowed not to reflect the location of devices and elements in the product on the diagram if their location at the place of operation is unknown.

In these cases, the graphic designations of devices and elements should be located in such a way as to ensure simplicity and clarity of showing the electrical connections between them.

5.6.3 On the graphic designations of devices and elements, the input, output and input elements are depicted according to the rules established in 5.4.9, 5.4.15.

The location of the UGO of the input, output and input elements inside the images of devices and elements should approximately correspond to their actual placement in the product. If, in order to ensure clarity of the connection display, the location of the graphic symbols of these elements does not correspond to their actual placement in the product, then an appropriate explanation should be placed in the diagram field.

5.6.4 The diagram should indicate:

- for each device or element depicted in the form of a rectangle or a simplified external outline, their name and type and (or) the designation of the document on the basis of which they are applied;

- for each element depicted in the form of UGO, its type and (or) document designation.

5.6.5 Devices and elements grouped into posts and (or) rooms are recommended to be recorded in the list by posts and (or) rooms.

5.6.6 The diagram should indicate the designations of the input, output and input elements applied to the product.

If the designations of input, output and input elements are not indicated in the product design, then it is allowed to conditionally assign designations to these elements in the diagram, repeating them in the corresponding design documentation. In this case, the necessary explanations are placed on the field of the scheme.

5.6.7 On the diagram, it is allowed to indicate the designations of connector documents on the shelves of leader lines, as well as the number of connector contacts, using their following UGO (see Figure 22).

Figure 22

5.6.8 Wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electrical cords) must be shown in the diagram as separate lines and marked separately by serial numbers within the product.

Continuous numbering of wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) within the product is allowed if the wires included in the bundles are numbered within each bundle.

If on the circuit diagram electrical circuits are assigned designations in accordance with GOST 2.709, then all single-core wires, cable cores (stranded wires, electric cords) and wire harnesses are assigned the same designations.

5.6.9 If the product for which the circuit is being developed includes several complexes, then single-core wires, cables (stranded wires, electric cords) and bundles should be numbered within each complex.

The belonging of a single-core wire, bundle, cable (stranded wire, electrical cord) to a particular complex is determined using an alphabetic (alphanumeric) designation put in front of the number of each single-core wire, bundle and cable (stranded wire, electrical cord) and separated by a hyphen.

5.6.10 It is allowed on the diagram using an alphabetic (alphanumeric) designation to determine whether a wire, bundle or cable (stranded wire, electrical cord) belongs to certain rooms or functional circuits according to the rules established in 5.4.19.

5.6.11 The numbers of single-core wires in the diagram are put down near the ends of the images; the numbers of single-core short wires, which are clearly visible in the diagram, can be placed near the middle of the images.

5.6.12 The numbers of cables (stranded wires, electric cords) are put down in circles placed in the gaps in the images of cables (stranded wires, electric cords).

Note - When designating cables (stranded wires, electric cords) in accordance with the requirements of 5.6.9, 5.6.10, the designations do not fit into the circle.

5.6.13 The harness numbers are put down on the shelves of the leader lines.

5.6.14 On the diagram, near the image of single-core wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electric cords), the following data is indicated:

- for single-core wires - brand, section and, if necessary, color;

- for cables (stranded wires, electric cords) recorded in the specification as a material - brand, number and cross-section of cores;

- for wires, cables and bundles made according to the drawings - the designation of the main design document.

If, when developing a diagram, data on wires and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) laid during installation cannot be determined, then appropriate explanations are given on the diagram indicating the initial data necessary to select specific wires and cables (stranded wires, electric cords ).

With a large number of connections, it is recommended to write down the specified information in the list of wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electric cords).

5.6.15 The list of wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) (see Figure 23) is placed on the first sheet of the diagram, as a rule, above the main inscription or is made in the form of subsequent sheets.

Figure 23

The columns of the list indicate the following data:

in the column "Designation" - the designation of the main design document of the wire, cable (stranded wire, electric cord), bundle, made according to the drawings;

in the column "Note" - cables (stranded wires, electric cords) supplied with the complex or laid during its installation.

Cables (stranded wires, electrical cords) laid during installation may not be included in the list.

5.6.16 The general scheme, if possible, should be performed on one sheet. If the circuit, due to the complexity of the product, cannot be performed on one sheet, then:

- on the first sheet, the product is drawn as a whole, depicting the posts and (or) premises with conditional outlines and showing the connections between the posts and (or) premises;

- inside the conditional outlines of posts and (or) premises, only those devices and elements are depicted to which wires and cables (stranded wires, electric cords) connecting posts and (or) premises are connected;

- on other sheets, diagrams of individual posts and (or) premises or groups of posts and (or) premises are completely drawn;

- the general scheme of each complex is performed on a separate sheet, if the product includes several complexes.

5.7 Layout Rules

5.7.1 The layout diagram depicts the component parts of the product, and, if necessary, the connections between them, the structure, room or area on which these component parts will be located.

5.7.2 The components of the product are depicted in the form of simplified external outlines or conventional graphic symbols.

5.7.3 Wires, groups of wires, bundles and cables (stranded wires, electrical cords) are depicted as separate lines or simplified external outlines.

5.7.4 The location of the graphic designations of the component parts of the product on the diagram should approximately correspond to the actual placement in the structure, room, on the ground.

5.7.5 When performing the layout, it is allowed to use various construction methods (axonometry, plan, conditional sweep, section of the structure, etc.).

5.7.6 The diagram should indicate:

- for each device or element depicted as a simplified external outline - their name and type and (or) designation of the document on the basis of which they are applied;

- for each element depicted in the form of a conventional graphic symbol, its type and (or) document designation.

With a large number of devices and elements, it is recommended that this information be recorded in the list of elements.

In this case, positional designations are put down near the graphic designations of devices and elements.



Electronic text of the document
prepared by Kodeks JSC and verified against:
official publication
M.: Standartinform, 2011

GOST 2.730-73

Group T52

INTERSTATE STANDARD

Unified system of design documentation

CONDITIONAL GRAPHIC DESIGNATIONS IN SCHEMES

Semiconductor devices

Unified system for design documentation. Graphical symbols in diagrams. Semiconductor devices

MKS 01.080.40
31.080

Introduction date 1974-07-01

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the State Committee of Standards of the Council of Ministers of the USSR

2. APPROVED AND PUT INTO EFFECT by the Decree of the State Committee of Standards of the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated 16.08.73 N 2002

3. Corresponds to ST SEV 661-88

4. INSTEAD OF GOST 2.730-68, GOST 2.747-68 in terms of paragraphs 33 and 34 of the table

5. EDITION (April 2010) with Changes N 1, 2, 3, 4, approved in July 1980, April 1987, March 1989, July 1991 (IUS 10-80, 7-87 , 6-89, 10-91), Amendment (IUS 3-91)

1. This standard establishes rules for the construction of conventional graphic symbols for semiconductor devices on circuits performed manually or automatically in all industries.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

2. The designations of the elements of semiconductor devices are given in Table 1.

Designations of elements of semiconductor devices

Table 1

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2, 3).

3, 4. (Excluded, Rev. N 1).
________________
* Tables 2, 3. (Excluded, Rev. N 1).

5. The signs characterizing the physical properties of semiconductor devices are given in Table 4.

Signs characterizing the physical properties of semiconductor devices

Table 4

6. Examples of constructing the designations of semiconductor diodes are given in Table 5.

Examples of designing semiconductor diodes

Table 5

7. Designations of thyristors are given in Table 6.

Thyristor designations

Table 6

Note. It is allowed to designate a thyristor with an anode control as a continuation of the corresponding side of the triangle.

8. Examples of designing transistors with P-N- transitions are given in Table 7.

Examples of constructing transistor symbols

Table 7

Note. When performing schemes, it is allowed:

a) carry out the designations of transistors in a mirror image, for example,

b) depict the body of the transistor.

9. Examples of constructing designations for field-effect transistors are given in Table 8.

Examples of designing field-effect transistors

Table 8

Note. It is allowed to depict the case of transistors.

10. Examples of constructing designations for photosensitive and radiating semiconductor devices are given in Table 9.

Examples of constructing designations for photosensitive and emitting semiconductor devices

Table 9

11. Examples of constructing the designations of optoelectronic devices are given in Table 10

Examples of constructing symbols for optoelectronic devices

Table 10

Wiring diagram- this is a text that describes with certain symbols the content and operation of an electrical device or a complex of devices, which makes it possible to express this text in a short form.

In order to read any text, you need to know the alphabet and reading rules. So, to read the schemes, you should know the symbols - symbols and the rules for decoding their combinations.

The basis of any electrical circuit is conventional graphic symbols various elements and devices, as well as connections between them. The language of modern diagrams emphasizes in symbols the main functions that the depicted element performs in the diagram. All the correct conventional graphic designations of the elements of electrical circuits and their individual parts are given in the form of tables in the standards.

Conditional graphic symbols are formed from simple geometric shapes: squares, rectangles, circles, as well as from solid and dashed lines and dots. Their combination according to a special system, which is provided by the standard, makes it possible to easily depict everything that is required: various electrical devices, appliances, electrical machines, mechanical and electrical connection lines, types of winding connections, type of current, nature and methods of regulation, etc.

In addition, special signs are additionally used in the conventional graphic symbols on electrical circuit diagrams to explain the features of the operation of one or another element of the circuit.

So, for example, there are three types of contacts - closing, opening and switching. The symbols reflect only the main function of the contact - closing and opening the circuit. To indicate the additional functionality of a particular contact, the standard provides for the use of special signs applied to the image of the moving part of the contact. Additional signs allow you to find contacts, time relays, limit switches, etc. on the diagram.

Individual elements on electrical diagrams have not one, but several designations on the diagrams. For example, there are several equivalent designations for changeover contacts, as well as several standard designations for transformer windings. Each of the designations can be used in certain cases.

If the standard does not contain the required designation, then it is compiled based on the principle of operation of the element, designations adopted for similar types of apparatus, instruments, machines in compliance with the construction principles stipulated by the standard.

Standards. Conventional graphic symbols on electrical and automation diagrams:

GOST 2.710-81 Alphanumeric designations in electrical circuits: