Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet biography - briefly the most important thing. Fet Afanasy Afanasyevich Did Fet have children

Which is presented in this article - Russian lyric poet, translator, memoirist. He was born in 1820, November 23, and died in 1892, November 21.

The childhood of the future poet

In a small estate located in the Orel province, in the Mtsensk district, Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet was born. His biography is interesting already by the very origin of the future poet. His father worked as an assessor in the court of Darmstadt, his mother, Charlotte Elizabeth Becker, left her husband in her seventh month of pregnancy and secretly left for Russia with Afanasy Shenshin. When the boy was born, he was baptized according to the Orthodox custom. They named him Athanasius. He was recorded as the son of Shenshin. Charlotte Elizaveta Fet converted to Orthodoxy in 1822, after which she married Shenshin.

Studies

Fet received a good education. It was easy for the able Athanasius to study. He graduated in 1837 in the city of Verro, located in Estonia, a private German school. Already at this time, the future poet began to write poetry, and also showed interest in classical philology and literature. In order to prepare for the university, after school he studied with Professor Pogodin in a boarding house. This man was a journalist, historian and writer. Afanasy Fet in 1838 entered first the law, and then the philosophical faculty of the university in Moscow.

First collection of poems

While studying at the university, he became close to Apollon Grigoriev, one of the students who was fond of poetry. Together they began to attend a circle in which they studied literature and philosophy. Fet, with the participation of Grigoriev, released the first collection of his poems called "Lyrical Pantheon". This book received Belinsky's approval. Gogol also noted that Fet is "an undoubted talent." For the poet, this became a kind of blessing, inspired him to further work. His poems in 1842 were published in various publications, including such popular magazines as Moskvityanin and Otechestvennye Zapiski. In 1844, Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet graduated from the university. His biography then continued with military service.

Military service

Afanasy Afanasyevich left Moscow in 1845 and entered the cuirassier regiment located in the south of Russia. The poet believed that military service was necessary for him in order to regain his noble rank. A year later, Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet received the rank of officer. His biography was supplemented in 1853 by another important event: the aspiring poet was transferred to the guards regiment stationed not far from St. Petersburg. Afanasy Afanasyevich often visited the capital, met with Goncharov, Turgenev, Nekrasov, and also became close to the editors of Sovremennik, a popular magazine at that time. The military career as a whole was not very successful. Fet in 1858 resigned with the rank of captain.

tragic love

During the years of service, Afanasy Fet experienced a tragic love that had a great influence on his work. His brief biography certainly includes a mention of Maria Lazich. It was the beloved of the poet, a girl from a poor but good family. This circumstance became an obstacle to marriage. The lovers parted, and after a while the girl died tragically in a fire (they also talked about suicide). The poet kept the memory of her until his death.

Marriage to Maria Botkina

Afanasy Fet, at the age of 37, married the daughter of a tea merchant from a wealthy family, Maria Botkina. She was not distinguished by beauty and youth. This marriage was arranged. The poet told the bride before the wedding about his origin, and mentioned the birth curse, which, in his opinion, could become an obstacle to marriage (read about it below). However, these confessions did not frighten Maria Botkina, and in 1857 the wedding took place. Afanasy Fet retired a year later.

Biography (short) of these years of his life is as follows. The poet settled in Moscow, where he began to engage in literature. Family life Afanasy Afanasyevich was well. He increased the fortune of Maria Botkina. This couple had no children. Athanasius Fet in 1867 was elected a justice of the peace. He lived on his estate like a real landowner. The poet began to work with renewed vigor only after the return of all the privileges of a hereditary nobleman and the surname of his stepfather.

Creativity Fet

Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet left a significant mark in Russian literature. short biography includes only his main creative achievements. Let's talk about them. The collection "Lyrical Pantheon" was released while still studying at the university. Fet's first poems were an attempt to get away from hard reality. He wrote a lot about love, sang the beauty of nature in his works. In his work already then appeared one characteristic: Afanasy Afanasyevich spoke of eternal and important concepts only in hints, he was able to skillfully convey various shades of mood, evoking bright and pure emotions in readers.

"Mascot"

After the death of Maria Lazich, Fet's work took on a new direction. Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet dedicated a poem called "Talisman" to his beloved. A brief biography of this girl will be presented at the end of this article, when we will tell you about some interesting facts from the life of the poet. Researchers suggest that all subsequent poems by Afanasy Afanasyevich about love were dedicated to her. "Talisman" aroused keen interest from critics and many positive reviews. Fet at that time was recognized as one of the best poets of our time.

Afanasy Afanasyevich was considered one of the representatives of the so-called pure art. That is, in his works he did not touch upon important social issues, remaining a staunch monarchist and conservative until the end of his life. Fet in 1856 published his third collection of poetry, in which he sang beauty. It was she who he considered the main and only goal of creativity.

The heavy blows of fate did not go unnoticed for the poet. Afanasy Afanasyevich became hardened, broke off relations with many friends, and practically stopped creating. The poet in 1863 published a two-volume collection of his works, and then there was a 20-year break in his work.

"Evening Lights"

Only after the return of the privileges of a hereditary nobleman and the surname of his stepfather, he took up creativity with renewed vigor. By the end of his life, the works of Afanasy Fet acquired an increasingly philosophical connotation, the so-called metaphysical realism was present in them. Afanasy Fet wrote about the unity of man with the entire universe, about eternity, about higher reality. Afanasy Afanasyevich wrote in the period from 1883 to 1891 more than three hundred different poems included in the collection entitled "Evening Lights". This collection went through four editions during the life of the poet, and the fifth came out after his death.

Death of Athanasius Fet

The great poet died of a heart attack. However, researchers of his work and life are convinced that before his death he made an attempt to commit suicide. But it is impossible to say for sure whether the life of such a person as Afanasy Fet was marked by this episode. Biography, interesting facts about him sometimes cause controversy among researchers. Some of them are still recognized by the majority as reliable.

When the future poet was 14 years old (in 1834), it turned out that he was not legally the son of Shenshin, a Russian landowner, and the record of this was made illegally. An anonymous denunciation made by an unknown person became the cause of the proceedings. As a sentence, the decision sounded: Athanasius should now bear the name of his mother, and he also lost Russian citizenship and the privileges of a hereditary nobleman. Suddenly, from a rich heir, he turned into a man without a name. Fet took this event as a shame. The obsession was for him the return of the lost position. His dream came true only in 1873, when Fet was already 53 years old.
A heavy burden was marked by the fate of such a poet as Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet. A biography for children usually does not mention this about him. For the poet, there was a danger of one generic disease. The fact is that there were crazy people in his family. Already in adulthood, the two brothers Fet lost their minds. Toward the end of his life, his mother also suffered from insanity. This woman begged everyone to kill her. Sister Nadia, shortly before the marriage of Afanasy Afanasyevich with Maria Botkina, also ended up in a psychiatric clinic. Her brother visited her there, but Nadia did not recognize him. Afanasy Fet often noticed bouts of severe melancholy behind him, whose biography and work confirm this. The poet was always afraid that he would suffer the same fate as his relatives.

In 1847, during military service in Fedorovka, the poet met a girl named Maria Lazich. Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet fell in love with her very much. His biography and work were largely formed under the influence of this meeting. The relationship between the lovers began with light flirting which gradually developed into a deep feeling. However, the beautiful, well-educated Maria could not still become a good match for Fet, who hoped to regain the title of nobleman. Realizing that he truly loves this girl, the poet nevertheless decided that he would not marry her. The girl reacted calmly to this, but after a while she decided to break off relations with Fet. After that, the poet was informed about the tragedy in Fedorovka. A fire broke out in Maria's room, her clothes caught fire. The girl, trying to save herself, ran out first to the balcony, and then to the garden. However, the wind only fanned the flames. Maria Lazich was dying for several days. The last words of this girl were about Fet. The poet took this loss hard. Until the end of his life, he regretted that he did not marry Mary. His soul was empty, and there was no more true love in his life.

So, you met such a poet as Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet. Biography and creativity were briefly presented in this article. We hope that this information made the reader want to get to know the great poet better. The poetry of the so-called new classicism was marked by the work of such an author as Fet Afanasy Afanasyevich. The biography (full) is presented by B.Ya. Bukhshtab. The book is called "A. A. Fet. Essay on life and work." Through this work, you can get to know such a great Russian poet as Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet. The biography by date is given in some detail.

Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet (years of life 1820 - 1892) - this name is known to any schoolchild. Consider the most important thing in Fet's biography: his family, creativity, Fet's biography. The biography is short, for elementary school students. The life of the poet was very eventful events, and Fet's biography is briefly presented in a concise form with difficulty, since I want to tell a lot interesting facts about Feta.

In contact with

The famous poem is taught at school by everyone without exception and is remembered all their lives:

Again the birds fly from afar
To the shores that break the ice
The warm sun is high
And the fragrant lily of the valley is waiting.
Again in the heart nothing will die
Till the ascending blood cries,
And with a bribed soul you believe
That, like the world, love is endless.
But will we get so close again
In the midst of nature, we are pampered,
As seen walking low
us the cold sun of winter?

Family

Athanasius was born in 1820 in the Oryol region (formerly the Oryol province) in the famous Mtsensk district. His mother Charlotte-Elisabeth Becker was a German citizen. Sh.-E. Becker was married to a German poor servant of the city court with the unmemorable long German name Johann-Peter-Karl-Wilhelm Föth. Has Fet through "e". Johann Vöth divorced Becker, then remarried and died in 1826. After his death, he left no legacy to his ex-wife and son.

On the eve of the divorce in 1820, a Russian landowner of noble origin, Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin, arrived in Darmstadt. Elizabeth Becker meets him. They fall in love with each other. Elizabeth by that time was pregnant with her second child. Shenshin secretly takes his future wife to Russia. They got married only in 1822, when the boy was already 2 years old. The boy was baptized and named in the world Afanasy Afanasyevich Shenshin. At birth, the boy was recorded as the consanguineous son of the parent A. N. Shenshin.

Previously, a child could be legitimate, born in wedlock. Since the marriage took place two years after the birth of the future poet, it was difficult to recognize him as a natural son. It is believed that this was done for a bribe.

When the boy was 14 years old, fate played a cruel joke with him. The secret of his birth surfaced in the church office, it turned out that a mistake had been made, that he was not the son of the nobleman Shenshin, and therefore could not have a noble title. Afanasy Neofitovich was recognized as Fet's stepfather. An official church message was issued about this.

Married Shenshina and Becker had several children together. K.P. Matveeva is the elder sister of Fet. Born in 1819. All other brothers and sisters were born in the Shenshin family:

L.A. Shenshin in 1824;
V.A. Shenshin in 1827;
ON THE. Borisov in 1832;
P.A. Shenshin in 1834

There were children who died at an early age Anna, Vasily and possibly another Anna. Infant mortality was very high even in wealthy families.

It is interesting to know: the poet, the life and work of the writer.

Education

Fet initially studied at the Krummer boarding school in Estonia, where he received an excellent upbringing. Further, in 1838, he entered Moscow State University and studied at the philosophical and philological department of literature. Here he is passionate about literature and languages. He graduated from the university in 1844. The first publications of poems were made in the senior courses of the university.

Creation

Fet began writing his first poems at a young age. Afanasy Afanasyevich was a lyricist from God. He sensually composed nature, love and art into poetic forms. With all this, the poet's lyrical nature did not interfere, but rather, on the contrary, helped him to be an enterprising good landowner with a "commercial streak".

The first official publications of poems were made in the Lyric Pantheon magazine in 1840. The first collection of poems was published in 1850, and then published regularly. He became any modern poet and was published in various publications.

Feta has always been oppressed by circumstance, according to which he was deprived of the title of nobility. He was very eager to regain this title and in 1853 he entered the service in the guards regiment. Unfortunately, the service did not bear fruit. In 1858, he retired, and remained untitled.

A year earlier, he marries Maria Botkina . on accumulated capital they buy arable land. Fet becomes a passionate farmer: he grows crops, raises livestock, takes care of bees, and even digs a pond where he breeds fish. The estate was called Stepanovka. A few years later, the estate begins to bring a good income - up to 5-6 thousand a year. This is huge money. In 1877, he sold the estate and bought another - Vorobyovka in the Kursk province. It was an old estate with a beautiful manor house on the banks of the river and a huge century-old garden.

From 1862 to 1871, along with poetry, Fet was carried away by prose. These are two absolutely opposite literary currents of his work. If Fet's poetry is very lyrical, then prose is called realistic. These are stories, essays about rural hard work. Among the well-known - "Notes on civilian labor", "From the village" and others.

Fet had a lot of fans. One of them is Maria Lazich. They had tender feelings for each other, but could not cross their destinies. She died. Many of the best love poems are dedicated to Mary: “Talisman”, “You have suffered, I am still suffering ...” and others.

Afanasy Afanasyevich, knew several languages and translated many works of famous writers:

"Faust" by Goethe;
Translations of ancient writers - Horace, Virgil, Ovid and many others.

Fet wanted to translate E. Kant's Critique of Pure Reason, but he took up the translation of Schopenhauer, and he also dreamed of translating the Bible.

Russian poet ( real name Shenshin), corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1886). Lyrics of nature saturated with specific signs, fleeting moods of the human soul, musicality: "Evening Lights" (collections 1 4, 1883 91). Many of the poems have been set to music.

Biography

Born in October or November in the village of Novoselki, Oryol province. His father was a wealthy landowner A. Shenshin, his mother was Caroline Charlotte Föth, who came from Germany. The parents were not married. The boy was recorded as the son of Shenshin, but when he was 14 years old, the legal illegality of this record was discovered, which deprived him of the privileges given to hereditary nobles. From now on, he had to bear the surname Fet, a rich heir suddenly turned into a "man without a name", the son of an unknown foreigner of dubious origin. Fet took it as a disgrace. To return the lost position became an obsession that determined his entire life path.

He studied at a German boarding school in the city of Verro (now Võru, Estonia), then at the boarding school of Professor Pogodin, historian, writer, journalist, where he entered Moscow University for training. In 1844 he graduated from the verbal department of the philosophical faculty of the university, where he became friends with Grigoriev, his peer, a friend in the passion for poetry. "Blessing" for a serious literary work Fet was given by Gogol, who said: "This is an undoubted talent." Fet's first collection of poems, The Lyrical Pantheon, was published in 1840 and was approved by Belinsky, which inspired him to continue his work. His poems have appeared in many publications.

In order to achieve his goal to return the title of nobility in 1845 he left Moscow and entered the military service in one of the provincial regiments in the south. He continued to write poetry.

Only eight years later, while serving in the Guards Life Lancers Regiment, he got the opportunity to live near St. Petersburg.

In 1850, in the journal Sovremennik, owned by Nekrasov, Fet's poems are published, which are admired by critics of all directions. He was received among the most famous writers (Nekrasov and Turgenev, Botkin and Druzhinin, etc.), thanks to literary earnings, he improved his financial situation, which gave him the opportunity to travel around Europe. In 1857 in Paris he married the daughter of the richest tea merchant and the sister of his admirer V. Botkin M. Botkina.

In 1858, Fet retired, settled in Moscow and vigorously engaged in literary work, demanding from publishers an "unheard of price" for their works.

A difficult life path developed in him a gloomy outlook on life and society. His heart was hardened by the blows of fate, and his desire to compensate for his social attacks made him a difficult person to communicate with. Fet almost stopped writing, became a real landowner, working on his estate; he is elected justice of the peace in Vorobyovka. This went on for almost 20 years.

In the late 1870s, Fet began to write poetry with renewed vigor. The sixty-three-year-old poet gave the name "Evening Lights" to the collection of poems. (More than three hundred poems are included in five editions, four of which were published in 1883, 1885, 1888, 1891. The poet prepared the fifth edition, but did not manage to publish it.)

In 1888, in connection with the "fiftieth anniversary of his muse", Fet managed to achieve the court rank of chamberlain; he considered the day on which this happened to be the day when the surname "Shenshin" was returned to him, "one of happiest days own life".

Birth history. Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet was born in November or December 1820 in the village. Novoselki Oryol province. The story of his birth is not quite usual. His father, Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin, a retired captain, belonged to an old noble family and was a wealthy landowner. While being treated in Germany, he married Charlotte Feth, whom he took to Russia from her living husband and daughter. Two months later, Charlotte gave birth to a boy named Athanasius and given the surname Shenshin.

Fourteen years later, the spiritual authorities of the Eagle discovered that the child was born before the wedding of the parents and Athanasius was deprived of the right to bear his father's surname and title of nobility and became a German subject. This event is a highly impressionable soul of a child, and Fet experienced the ambiguity of his position almost all his life. The special position in the family influenced the further fate of Afanasy Fet - he had to earn for himself the rights of the nobility, which the church deprived him of. Between the university and the army. Although the Shenshin family did not differ in a special culture, Fet received a good education.

From 1835 to 1837 he studied at a German Protestant boarding school in Verro (now Võru, Estonia). Here he enthusiastically studies classical philology and secretly begins to write poetry. Fet mastered here Latin language which helped him later translate ancient Roman poets. After Verro, Fet continued his education at the boarding school of Professor Pogodin to prepare for Moscow University, where he was enrolled in 1838 in the department of literature of the Faculty of Philosophy. During his university years, Fet became especially friends with the future famous critic and poet Apollon Grigoriev.

Together they discussed the poetic tests of the pen, which were included in the first poetic collection - "Lyric Pantheon" (1840): humble creatures, Will share Secret sufferings With my agitated soul "These were imitative poems, and the poetry of Pushkin and Venediktov, to whom, as Fet recalled, he enthusiastically "howled" became the role models.

Within two or three years after the publication of The Lyric Pantheon, Fet publishes collections of poems on the pages of magazines, in particular Moskvitianin and Otechestvennye Zapiski, but they do not bring the expected wealth. With the hope of regaining his nobility, the young poet leaves Moscow and entered military service in a cuirassier regiment, stationed in the Kherson province. Subsequently, in his memoirs, Fet writes: “This imprisonment will continue for a long time - I don’t know, and in a moment various Gogol Wii climb into the eyes, and you still need to smile ... I can compare my life with a dirty puddle.” But in 1858 A. Fet was forced to retire.

He never received noble rights - at that time the nobility gave only the rank of colonel, and he was the headquarters - captain. This made it further military career useless. Of course, military service was not in vain for Fet: these were the dawn years of his poetic activity. In 1850, "Poems" by A. Fet were published in Moscow, greeted by readers with delight. In St. Petersburg, he met Nekrasov, Panaev, Druzhinin, Goncharov, Yazykov. He later became friends with Leo Tolstoy. This friendship was long and necessary for both.

During the years of military service, Afanasy Fet experienced a tragic love that influenced all his work. It was love for the daughter of a poor landowner Maria Lazich, a fan of his poetry, a very talented and educated girl. She also fell in love with him, but they were both poor, and for this reason A. Fet did not dare to join his fate with his beloved girl. Soon Maria Lazich died under mysterious circumstances.

Until his death, the poet remembered his unhappy love; in many of his poems, her unfading breath is heard.
In 1856 came out A new book poet. Fulfillment of desires. After retiring, Fet married the sister of the critic Botkin, M. Botkin, who belonged to a wealthy Moscow merchant family. It was a marriage of convenience, and the poet sincerely confessed to the bride the secrets of his birth. With the money of his wife, Fet in 1860 buys the Stepanovka estate and becomes a landowner, where he lives for seventeen years, only occasionally visiting Moscow. Here he found his royal decree that the surname Shenshin, with all the rights associated with it, was finally approved for him. He became a nobleman.

In 1877, Afanasy Afanasyevich bought the village of Vorobyovka in the Kursk province, where he spent the rest of his life, only leaving for Moscow for the winter. These years, in contrast to the years spent in Stepanovka, are characterized by his return to literature. Beginning in 1883, he published a number of collections of lyrical poems, united by a common title - "Evening Lights" (first issue - 1883; second issue - 1885; third issue - 1888; fourth issue - 1891). In his poems, the poet refuses any abstraction, since mental states are difficult to analyze, and even more difficult to convey in words the subtle movements of the soul.

Creativity A. A. Fet. A. Fet's poems are pure poetry, in the context that there is not a drop of prose. Fet limited his poetry to three themes: love, nature, art. Usually he did not sing of hot feelings, despair, delight, lofty thoughts. No, he wrote about the simplest things - about pictures of nature, about rain, about snow, about the sea, about mountains, about forests, about stars, about the most simple movements souls, even about minute impressions. His poetry is joyful and bright, it has a sense of light and peace. Even about his ruined love, he writes lightly and calmly, although his feeling is deep and fresh, as in the first minutes. Until the end of his life, Fetu did not change the joy that pervaded almost all of his poems.

The beauty, naturalness, sincerity of his poetry reach complete perfection, his verse is amazingly expressive, figurative, musical. “This is not just a poet, but rather a poet-musician…” Tchaikovsky said about him. Many romances were written to Fet's poems, which quickly gained wide popularity.

Fet is a singer of Russian nature. Fet can be called a singer of Russian nature. The approach of spring and autumn withering, a fragrant summer night and a frosty day, a rye field stretching endlessly and without edge and a dense shady forest - he writes about all this in his poems. Fet's nature is always calm, hushed, as if frozen. And at the same time, it is surprisingly rich in sounds and colors, lives its own life, hidden from the inattentive eye:

"I came to you with greetings,
Say that the sun has risen
What is hot light
The sheets fluttered;
Tell that the forest woke up
All woke up, each branch,
Startled by every bird
And full of spring thirst ... "

Fet perfectly conveys the "fragrant freshness of feelings" inspired by nature, its beauty, charm. His poems are imbued with a bright, joyful mood, the happiness of love. The poet unusually subtly reveals the various shades of human experiences. He knows how to catch and clothe in bright, vivid images even fleeting spiritual movements that are difficult to identify and convey in words:

"Whisper, timid breath,
trill nightingale,
Silver and flutter
sleeping stream,
Night light, night shadows,
Shadows without end
A series of magical changes
sweet face,
In smoky clouds purple roses,
reflections of amber,
And kisses, and tears,
And dawn, dawn! .. »

Usually A. Fet in his poems dwells on one figure, on one turn of feelings, and at the same time, his poetry cannot be called monotonous, on the contrary, it strikes with diversity and a multitude of topics. The special charm of his poems, in addition to the content, is precisely in the nature of the moods of poetry. Muse Fet is light, airy, as if there is nothing earthly in her, although she tells us exactly about the earth. There is almost no action in his poetry, each of his verses is a whole kind of impressions, thoughts, joys and sorrows.

Take at least such of them as “Your Ray, flying far ...”, “Still eyes, Crazy eyes ...”, “The sun is a ray between lindens ...”, “I extend my hand to you in silence ...”, etc..
The poet sang beauty where he saw it, and he found it everywhere. He was an artist with an exceptionally developed sense of beauty. Perhaps that is why in his poems there are such wonderful pictures of nature that he accepted it as it is, not allowing any decorations of reality.

Love lyrics of the poet. Just as wonderful for Fet was the feeling of love, to which many of the poet's works are devoted. Love for him is protection, a safe haven "from the eternal splash and noise of life." Fet's love lyrics are rich in shades, tenderness, warmth coming from within the soul. “Fragrant honey of love joy and magical dreams” Fet depicted in his works in words of extreme freshness and transparency. Permeated now with light sadness, now with light joy, his love lyrics still warm the hearts of readers, “burning with eternal gold in singing.”

In all the works of A. Fet, he is impeccably faithful in descriptions or feelings, then the nature of their small risks, shades, moods. It is thanks to this that the poet created amazing works that have been striking us for so many years with filigree psychological accuracy. Among them are such poetic masterpieces as "Whisper, timid breath...", "I came to you with greetings...", "At dawn you don't wake her...", "The dawn says goodbye to the earth... ".

Fet's poetry is the poetry of allusions, conjectures, omissions, his poems for the most part have no plot, they are lyrical miniatures, the purpose of which is not so much to convey thoughts and feelings to the reader, but rather the "flying" mood of the poet. He was far from spiritual storms and anxieties. The poet wrote:

"The language of mental storm
Was incomprehensible to me."

Fet was deeply convinced that beauty is a real important element in building the world, which provides it with harmonious balance and integrity. Therefore, he sought and found beauty in everything: in fallen leaves, in a rose that surprisingly smiled “on the day of fleeting September”, in the colors of “native sky”. The poet distinguished between the "mind of the mind" and the "mind of the heart." He believed that only the “mind of the heart” could penetrate the outer shell of the beautiful essence of being. Fet's heartfelt lyrics have no access to anything terrible, ugly, disharmonious.

In 1892, the poet died of an asthma attack, two days before the age of 72. Before that, he tried to commit suicide. He was buried in the village of Kleymenovo, the Shenshin family estate, 25 versts from Orel.

Fet's work had a significant influence on the Symbolist poets of the early twentieth century - V. Bryusov, A. Blok, A. Bely, and then - S. Yesenin, B. Pasternak and others.
Conclusion. Analyzing the works of the poet, one can say with full confidence that the Russian school of pure art not only was not inferior to the French, but perhaps even surpassed it in some way. Unlike the representatives of the French school of "pure art", who in their poems paid attention primarily to the rhythm of the verse, repetition, the alternation of letters in words, the creation of verses - symbols, Russian poets were masters of "musical verses" that were easy to read. The images created in the poems were light, permeated with light, appealed to the best feelings of a person, taught beauty, taught to find and love beauty in every manifestation of nature, or a feeling of love.

The poems of the representatives of the Russian school of "pure art" are more understandable to the reader, since their poems are not burdened with a large number of symbolic images. An interesting feature of Russian poets is that they not only sang of nature, but also treated it as something outstanding, amazing, which could become the meaning of life. It is in nature, love for a woman or a man that a person should find inspiration for life, work, creativity, love for the motherland. In my opinion, the Russian poets of the “pure art” school sang of nature in their poems through their special attitude towards it, while the French poets simply believed that it was worthy to preserve for centuries only poems about the eternal, something sublime, not ordinary. That is why nature reigned in the verses of the French.

Therefore, I am more impressed by the lyrics of the poets Fet and F. Tyutchev, which, through all its dissimilarity, fascinates with its beauty, subtle sense of the “soul of nature” and the desire to reflect it in all its manifestations.

Born December 5, 1820 in the Novoselki estate (Oryol province). Father - Johann-Peter-Karl-Wilhelm Vöth (1789-1826), assessor of the city court. Mother - Elizaveta Petrovna Shenshina (1798-1844). Stepfather - Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin (1775-1854). In 1844 he graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology of Moscow University. In 1857 he married Maria Botkina. There were no children. In 1867 he was elected justice of the peace. He died on December 3, 1892 at the age of 71 in Moscow. He was buried in the village of Kleymenovo, the Shenshin family estate. Main works: “I know, proud, you love autocracy”, “Old letters”, “Good and evil”, “A wavy cloud”, “Do not avoid, I do not pray”, “I came to you with greetings”, “Where no matter how I look, I meet failure everywhere” and others.

Brief biography (detailed)

Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet is a Russian poet of German origin, memoirist, translator, and since 1886 a corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Fet was born on December 5, 1820 in the Novoselki estate (Oryol province). The writer's father was a wealthy German-born landowner named Fet. Mother Athanasius remarried Afanasy Shenshin, who became the official father for the writer and gave him his last name.

When the boy was 14 years old, the legal illegality of this record was discovered, and Afanasy was forced to take the surname Fet again, which was akin to shame for him. Subsequently, he tried all his life to regain the name Shenshin. Fet received his education in a German private boarding school. Around 1835 he began to write poetry and take an interest in literature. After leaving school, he entered Moscow University, where he studied for 6 years at the verbal department of the Faculty of Philosophy.

In 1840, a collection of poems by the poet "Lyrical Pantheon" appeared. At the beginning of his literary career, he was supported by his friend and colleague Apollon Grigoriev. In 1845, Fet entered the service and a year later received his first officer rank. A few years later, the second collection of the writer appeared, which received a positive assessment from critics. At the same time, the beloved of the poet Marich Lazic died, to whom many poems from the collection were dedicated. Among them, "Talisman" and "Old Letters".

Fet often visited St. Petersburg, where he talked with Turgenev, Goncharov and other writers. There he collaborated with the editors of the Sovremennik magazine. The third collection of poems appeared in 1856, edited by Turgenev. Soon the poet married Maria Botkina. After retiring, the writer settled in Moscow. In 1863, a two-volume collection of his poems appeared. In 1867 he was awarded the title of justice of the peace, and in 1873 he was finally able to return his former name and title of nobility. The writer died of a heart attack on November 21, 1892 in Moscow. He was buried in Kleymenovo, now the Oryol region, the ancestral village of the Shenshins.