Planting cucumbers in open ground seeds or seedlings - when to plant and how to grow properly. Planting Cucumbers in May When to Plant Cucumber Seeds in May

Evgeny Sedov

When hands grow from the right place, life is more fun :)

Content

Almost every summer resident plants a culture, but not all amateur gardeners know how and when to do it right in order to achieve better yields. Since the cucumber is a relatively whimsical vegetable, it needs to follow the sowing technology and proper care. With optimal sowing dates and due attention, the culture grows well and bears fruit.

How to plant cucumbers

For growing vegetables, choose a well-lit area that is protected from the winds. Around the cucumber beds form "backstage", which can serve as plantings of potatoes, corn, sunflowers, hemp, legumes. These tall plants provide an optimal microclimate for cucumbers. Planting a vegetable in open ground can be done by seedlings or using seeds. The choice of method depends on several factors, including the climate of your region, the timing of the harvest.

Unlike tomatoes, cucumbers are often planted from seeds. This is due to the fact that cucumber seedlings are very fragile, with delicate roots and shoots, so it is easy to damage them. In addition, it does not tolerate acclimatization to changed conditions (wind, sunlight, air temperature, other soil composition). Only experienced farmers who know all the intricacies of this process can achieve a good harvest when planting cucumber seedlings.

For ordinary gardeners, the method of sowing seeds in open ground is more suitable. At the same time, the fruits appear only a week later, but the plants will be strong and resistant to external negative factors. Warm beds with a height of at least 20 cm are suitable for cucumbers. A layer of organic matter inside the site not only provides vegetables with useful substances, but also heats up the roots, saturating them with carbon dioxide.

Cucumber is a heat-loving crop, so it should be planted when the temperature of the topsoil warms up to at least 13-15 degrees. However, the plant does not feel very well at high temperatures (if the indicator rises above 28 degrees), then development may stop. The bed must first be fertilized with organic matter (chicken droppings, mullein or manure). This will provide vegetables with nutrients and disinfect the earth, destroying the pathogens of many cucumber diseases.

The plant needs regular watering: with a lack of moisture, the leaves will begin to turn black, become brittle, and the bushes themselves will experience stress. Excessive soil moisture is no less detrimental to cucumbers. As a result, there will be less oxygen in the ground, due to which the tops will turn pale, and the development of greens and lashes will greatly slow down. Water for irrigation is used at room temperature (about 18 degrees). The ideal soil moisture content is 80%.

Since the culture prefers a short daylight hours, it is better to grow it in the middle or late summer. Despite the thermophilicity of the vegetable, it needs only 10-12 photoperiods per day. Features of the process of planting seedlings and seeds have common features, which are the selection and preparation of the site. It is better to organize the beds from north to south, and apply organic fertilizer under the culture preceding cucumbers.

An alternative option is to fertilize the soil just before planting the seeds/seedlings. Cow dung is the best choice. Under the previous plants, it is applied rotted (it takes 5 kg per 1 sq. M), and before sowing cucumbers, it is used in the form of a 1:5 solution with water. You can replace compost with chicken manure (dissolve it in water 1:20) or complex mineral top dressing.

Planting cucumbers in open ground with seeds

Many summer residents prefer to plant cucumber seeds immediately in an open garden. It takes time for cucumbers to grow. It all depends on the climatic features of the region and the particular variety, but planting is not customary after the end of June. One of the most important conditions for the proper cultivation of a plant is the nutritional value of the soil. For this purpose, in the fall, mineral and organic fertilizers are applied to a shallow depth, which rot in the ground until spring.

In the north of the country, a place for planting cucumbers is covered with fresh manure, and in the spring warm structures are built for the vegetable. Since the culture is thermophilic, it feels best in the south and in central Russia. The optimum temperature for growing vegetables will be 20-25 degrees during the day and 15 at night. If the weather is not encouraging and the thermometer drops to 10 degrees, then problems arise: growth stops, and if the cold snap is prolonged, the plant may die. When choosing a variety, consider:

• the need for pollination (there are self-pollinated and bee-pollinated species, for open ground it is better to take the first ones - they are usually tastier);
• resistance to frost, cooling, heat and drought;
• immunity to common cucumber diseases - rot, cladosporiosis, mosaic;
• branching feature of the plant (this factor directly affects the yield).

When planting cucumbers in open ground, it is recommended to opt for zoned varieties (intended for growth in a particular area, taking into account the specifics of its climate) and breeding crops. Despite the fact that hybrids are more adapted to frequent changes in weather conditions, you need to stock up on covering material that will be needed during frosts. Successful varieties for planting by seed will be as follows:

• Crane F1;
• Admiral F1;
• German F1;
• Bidretta F1;
• White Angel F1;
• Aquarius, etc.

When to plant

Landing in open ground can be carried out even with a cold long spring. Like other vegetables, cucumbers are planted in the growing phase of the moon, when the plants activate their growth and recover well. It is recommended to plan work in the garden according to the lunar calendar and not to plant seeds on unfavorable days. The time of day for sowing does not matter. Planting dates will depend on the climate of a particular region, weather conditions in spring and summer, and the variety chosen. There are only three sowing options suitable for crops:

1. Early. When the earth warms up well (not lower than 15 degrees at night), you can sow cucumber seeds. The ideal temperature for the development of the plant will be 18-26 ° C. As a rule, such a regime is set around June 1-5, but the date may vary depending on the climate of the region. In the southern regions, the earth manages to warm up earlier, then the vegetable is planted in the second half of May. With an earlier planting, when the temperature ranges from 10 to 15 degrees, the plants often stop growing and die. Early sowing is also good because at the beginning of June there is a short daylight hours, since cucumbers need sunlight for normal development only for 10-12 hours a day. When planting a vegetable at the end of June, high temperatures and long daylight hours will not have the best effect on yields. When choosing early varieties, it is recommended to focus on such as: Competitor, Universal, Cascade.
2. Average. Available from May 25th to June 10th. Almost all crop varieties are suitable for the second sowing. When planting in June, the crop is harvested in early August, although these dates vary depending on whether you have chosen early - medium or late ripening cucumbers.
3. Late. To do this, choose special varieties - better pickling. Optimal for late sowing are early ripening vegetables with a vegetation period of 45-50 days. The harvest of such species will coincide in time with the fruiting of tomatoes. The big advantage of this sowing option is the ability to eat fresh vegetables until frost. Late planting of seeds is carried out in July. If the weather is hot this month, a shelter is made of a film (agrofibre) for the beds.

How to sow

Seeds should be sown in several passes, otherwise you can miscalculate the timing: for example, the cold may suddenly return. In addition, this option allows you to extend the fruiting period of the vegetable. Landing in the warm regions of the country begins in mid-May and ends in mid-June. It is not recommended to wish this later, since the heat and long daylight hours are not the best conditions for the growth and development of a culture. The seed sowing technology includes the following steps:

1. Selection of planting material. In addition to varieties released for specific regions, there are hybrids that are characterized by maximum resistance to diseases. It is better to give preference to the latter - this will save you from unnecessary trouble and increase productivity. In addition, an important role is played by the timing of ripening and the purpose of the variety (universal, salad, pickling). If the package does not indicate the purpose, look at the photo of vegetables: if they have white pimples, cucumbers are suitable for fresh consumption, and fruits with dark ones are a pickling option. The age of the seeds should be at least 2 years, since their germination increases during storage. The optimal age of planting material will be 6 years, and after 9 it is no longer suitable.
2. Soil preparation. A bed for cucumbers is formed in the direction from north to south. Before sowing, the soil is fed with rotted cow manure, it is first diluted with water in proportions of 1:5. Alternative options are allowed - complex fertilizers or a solution of chicken manure.
3. Preparation of seeds for planting in open ground. The material is preheated for 20 minutes at a temperature of 42-45 degrees in order to achieve more friendly shoots and speed up the fruiting time. Another way to warm the seeds is this: hang them in a gauze bag near a heating battery or stove. Do this 2-1.5 months before sowing. The air temperature in the room should be above 20 degrees. Particularly in need of heating is one-year planting material and one that is grown in the Leningrad Region. Dry seeds are heated in an oven or drying cabinet at a temperature of 60 degrees for 3 hours. To do this, planting material is placed on a metal mesh (or baking sheet) in a thin layer, mixing several times.
4. seed disinfection. For this purpose, they are kept in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate (1 g per glass of water). The procedure lasts 20 minutes, after the planting material is thoroughly washed with water.
5. Micronutrient processing. To accelerate the germination and fruiting of the culture, heated and disinfected, the planting material is soaked in a solution in one or more microelements. An example of a recipe is 10 g of potassium nitrate, 5 g of superphosphate per 1 liter of water. The optimum temperature of the liquid in this case is 40-45 degrees. The procedure lasts 12 hours. After the seeds should be dried.

1. Seeding. On the prepared site, furrows are formed with a depth of 2-5 cm and a step of 50 cm. The depth of planting material varies depending on the type of soil: for light soil with low groundwater, the optimal level will be 3-5 cm, for heavy soil - 2-3 cm. Seeds are placed in grooves with an interval of 3-4 cm from each other. For 10 sq. m will take about 50 g of seeds. If the soil is dry, it is watered before planting, and the seeds are sprinkled with humus, loose earth with sawdust or peat.
2. Caring for cucumbers in the open field. Immediately after the appearance of the first shoots, special attention is removed to soil moisture and the condition of the plants. If the leaves wither during the day, in the evening the bed should be watered with water of 20-25 degrees. When the plants close, they are thinned out (this is done only 2-3 times during the season), removing the weakest shoots. The optimal distance between the bushes is 5-15 cm. In addition, it is important to loosen the ground on the site and weed the beds. When the cucumbers grow to the center of the aisle, loosening is stopped so as not to damage the roots. Still it is necessary to evenly straighten developing plants on the ground. After the beginning of the fruiting of the culture, the abundance of watering is increased to 5 liters per square meter. m. Moisten the soil almost daily, except for cool, cloudy days. Cucumbers do not need top dressing if the land was properly seasoned before planting. However, if the temperature drops for more than a week, the leaves may turn pale. Restore their color with nitrogen fertilizer (urea). Consumption is 7-10 g per 10 liters of water. The procedure is carried out with a whisk or by manual spraying. The optimal time is evening, otherwise the sun's rays will burn through the foliage.

Planting seedlings of cucumbers in the ground

Gardeners, whose plot is located in the floodplain of the river, will receive a very rich vegetable harvest, without even preparing the soil in advance. Loamy and sandy soil with a close occurrence of groundwater is ideal for culture. Its only drawback is the deficiency of potassium salt. Moisture-loving cucumbers do not tolerate light sandy soils that are not able to hold liquid. However, heavy land, where moisture lingers for a long time, is not for a vegetable. A high level of soil acidity will have to be dealt with by applying lime.

When planting a plant, be sure to take into account the climate of your region, since cucumbers like heat. When planting seedlings, not the last temperature of the soil and air is of great importance. The soil temperature for seedlings should be at least 15 degrees, but the best indicator would be 18-20 ° C. With a colder regime, seedlings, if they grow, will only grow during the day - under the influence of sunlight, and at night they will stop development. The seedling method of planting is suitable for any region. However, for areas with a harsh climate, planting in bottles is more suitable.

The key to success when growing a vegetable in open ground will be the right choice of varieties adapted for seedling planting. Among them there are unpretentious and undemanding ones who are able to calmly endure adverse weather conditions. These include:

• Adam F1;
• Christina F1;
• Cappuccino F1;
• Carolina F1;
• Faithful friends F1;
• Dear F1;
• Shchedryk F1;
• Athos F1;
• Bush;
• kid, ave.

When to plant

The optimal time for planting a crop in open ground is easy to miss, so this issue must be approached carefully. If you transfer the seedlings to the garden at an inopportune time, its resistance to diseases will significantly decrease, in addition, the survival rate of the bushes will worsen. To correctly determine the time, you need to know the following rule: planting cucumbers in the ground can be carried out only 2-3 weeks after the seeds were sown for seedlings.

In the middle lane, the optimal period for planting seedlings is the end of May, in the south - the middle of the month. The time of day is not important, because it does not play any role, but you should focus on the Lunar calendar if you want to achieve maximum productivity, easy adaptation of plants in a new place and accelerate their growth. Experienced gardeners are advised to work on the growing moon.

How to plant seedlings

In open ground, the culture can be planted in seedlings, it has some differences from sowing seeds. Seedling planting technology involves the following actions:

1. Substrate preparation. Containers (vessels) are filled with wood pellets in a layer of 3-5 cm and poured with hot water. Pressed sawdust begins to swell and crumble, you need to help the granules crumble with your fingers. While the material has not yet cooled down, seeds are laid out on it at a distance of 2-3 cm from each other. From above they are sprinkled with hot sawdust. The substrate for cucumber seedlings is prepared from sawdust and peat in proportions of 1: 3. First, for each bucket of sawdust, you need to add 20 g of ammonium nitrate, mix the components and insist them for at least 2 days. After the substrate is mixed with peat and 8-10 g of potassium nitrate and aged for another 2 weeks (periodically, the mass must be stirred).
2. Sowing seeds for seedlings. Planting material is planted in pots 10x10 cm, containers are installed in plastic boxes about 20x30 cm in size. This is done in early May. Approximate consumption - 16-18 plants for every 1 sq. m. The finished soil mixture is poured into pots and watered. In a moist substrate, holes are made 1 cm deep, seeds are placed in them, 1 piece per pot. From above they are sprinkled with a thin layer of a mixture of sawdust. The boxes in which the pots are made are covered with a film until the first shoots appear, after which they remove the shelter. Watering the seedlings is not necessary when the humidity in the greenhouse is about 80%. If the seedlings are grown at room conditions, the substrate is moistened 2-3 times during the growing season.
3. Hardening off seedlings. A week before transplanting, plants are accustomed to natural conditions. To this end, they are taken out into the fresh air, for the first time - in the evening, for the second time - at lunchtime (in the shade), and on other days the seedlings can be left in an open area at any time. The day before transplanting, the substrate must be watered several times.
4. Transfer to an open garden. It is best to do this on a sunny day when the air temperature reaches 25 degrees or higher. The earth should warm up to 25-30 ° C, thanks to the previously introduced hot manure. The distance between plants in a row should be 12-14 cm. Only the roots of seedlings are sprinkled with soil. If the embedment is too deep, there is a risk of root rot.
5. Care. It does not differ from the care of seed plantings. However, with the seedling method of growing vegetables, the crop appears 2 weeks earlier.

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The lunar calendar for sowing and planting cucumbers for 2019 is made in the form of two tables indicating the favorable terms of work for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse, greenhouse and in open ground. The calendar was compiled for growing cucumbers in Central Russia.

The first table contains the sowing and planting dates for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse or seedling greenhouse. The second table contains the timing of sowing and planting cucumbers through seedlings for open ground and favorable days for sowing directly into open ground.

The lunar calendar for 2019 indicates the days of work in the fertile signs of the zodiac. Sometimes the agrarian dates for sowing seeds and subsequent planting force sowing or planting during the waning moon. It is desirable to sow cucumbers on the growing moon, and it is permissible to transplant seedlings during the waning moon. In the lunar calendar, we indicate among the dates for sowing seeds the most favorable days that fall on the growing moon and the fertile sign of the zodiac.

Subsequent measures for the care and planting of cucumbers should be carried out focusing on the growth of plants. If the cucumbers are sown at the earliest dates according to the given lunar calendar, then the date of transplantation to a permanent place should also be the earliest among those indicated in the calendar.

Lunar calendar for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse or greenhouse

For growing cucumbers, we advise you to choose the most favorable days for sowing from those indicated in the lunar calendar table, because. these days fall on the growing moon. When sowing seeds on a windowsill, they will germinate in six to eight days.

The best air temperature for seed germination and growing seedlings for planting in a greenhouse and hotbed: on sunny days 20-25°C, on cloudy days 18-22°C and at night 16-18°C.

Lunar calendar for growing cucumbers in the open field

	auspicious days sowing and planting cucumbers FOR OPEN GROUND according to the Lunar calendar in 2019
Sowing seeds for seedlings	May 6-7
Planting seedlings in open ground	June 5-6, 11-14
Sowing seeds in open ground	June 5-6
Pinching	19-20, 28-31 August, 1 September
picking cucumbers	22-24, 27-28 July, 7-10, 19-20, 23-25, August 28

Cucumbers grown in open ground can be sown on seedlings or directly in open ground. If you will sow seeds in open ground, then choose from the days indicated in the second table, such a day that, according to the weather forecast, the last severe frosts fall on the first week from the date of sowing cucumbers. Experience shows that the most frost-resistant seeds sown dry, although they will sprout later. Soaked cucumber seeds, too, but slightly less frost-resistant and will sprout a little later. And germinated seeds will give the earliest shoots, but more often die during freezing. Cucumber seeds germinate about two weeks after the soil temperature reaches 15°C. When sown in warm soil, seedlings of cucumbers may appear in six to eight days.

Any cucumber seeds germinate at temperatures above 12°C. Seed hardening promotes earlier seed germination.

Many summer residents sow cucumbers on their first spring visit to the country, sow the seeds in boxes or 8x8 pots and then water the seedlings every 7-10 days. Picking seedlings of cucumbers is not necessary. For an early abundant harvest, we advise you to provide seedlings of cucumbers with bright light for 6-8 hours and complete darkness for 12-14 hours.

Cucumber seedling one month old, which has 3-4 leaves, planted in a greenhouse, greenhouse or in open ground at the appropriate time, on favorable days according to the lunar calendar.

Cucumber seedlings are planted in the greenhouse when the temperature in the greenhouse reaches 15 ° C, but in order to reach the dates indicated in the first table, cucumbers can be planted at a temperature of 10 ° C, but not lower. Covering material allows you to increase the temperature by 5 ° C. Cucumber seedlings can be planted in a greenhouse at a temperature of 10-12 ° C.

Seedlings are planted in open ground when the average daily temperature is above 10 ° C, covering at night and on cold days with covering material (in Central Russia, spring frosts can be until June 12). If the groundwater is high on your site, then it is better to move the sowing and planting of cucumbers into the ground to the latest date so that the groundwater warms up and does not interfere with the formation of the ovary in the cucumbers.

In addition to favorable days according to the lunar calendar, we recommend planting cucumber seedlings on a cloudy day or in the late afternoon.

The best air temperature for cucumber growth before fruiting is 20-25°C on sunny days, 18-22°C on cloudy days and 16-18°C at night.

Three to four weeks after planting the seedlings, cucumbers will begin to bloom. Cucumbers form an ovary and fruits grow at temperatures above 15 ° C, so you should not rush with early sowing in open ground. During the fruiting period of cucumbers, the optimum temperature on sunny days is 25-27°C (not higher than 30°C), on cloudy days 22-24°C and at night 20-21°C. Cucumbers can be harvested a month after transplanting seedlings to a permanent place. Cucumbers are harvested daily or every other day.

Every year we increasingly hide our cucumbers under the film. They are more comfortable there. Growing cucumbers in the country in greenhouse conditions is a good thing, and if there is no such possibility, even a small greenhouse can be installed.

I used to buy seeds and grow cucumber seedlings at home. But it was troublesome, lately they seem to have appeared, but then disappeared tiny. Whatever she did to save them.

Last year I decided for myself, enough experiments, I will sow cucumber seeds in open ground in May - June in an old-fashioned way, but with modern technologies. About what happened, and I will tell.

Planting cucumbers in open ground. Experience

Before planting cucumbers, it is necessary to carry out several important activities.

Location selection

The plot for cucumbers chose sunny and calm. I grew peas there. Just the most beautiful predecessor along with tomatoes, onions and early potatoes. You can plant seeds, as it turned out, and in the field there was melons, melons or zucchini, only 2-3 years ago.

Contrary to all scientific speeches, in order not to dig the earth, in the fall she raised the entire area on a shovel bayonet. The blocks did not break, the soil froze well during the winter. All plant residues were selected.

If the soil is acidic, it needs to be limed. Which she did.

The spring was good and already in April the blocks were well broken, and I easily leveled the ground with a rake. The site is good, clean.

Soil preparation

Before sowing the seeds in mid-May, on the 5th, she introduced the composition per square meter into the soil:

• humus (1 bucket);
• complex mineral fertilizer (2 tablespoons);
• wood ash (1 cup).

I know that my dacha neighbors use BIUD (organic fertilizer) instead of humus.

After fertilizing, I dug again and spilled it with a solution of potassium permanganate, preheating the water (it took 6 liters per 1 sq. M).

In order for the earth to warm up and the fertilizer to dissolve well, I covered my bed with a film.

If the soil is heavy or waterlogged, it is recommended to grow cucumbers from seeds on ridges with a embedment depth of 1.5–2 centimeters.

Seed preparation

To prepare the seeds, it is enough to soak them for one hour in a strong solution of potassium permanganate. Yes, they are disinfected. Then I rinse under running water. I will definitely let it grow. And recently I started using the Epin biogrowth stimulator for 12-15 hours.

Sowing seeds

As soon as the soil temperature warms up to 18-23 degrees, it's time to plant cucumber seeds in open ground.

The weather is quite unstable even in May, therefore, I sow cucumber seeds at the end of May, when there is no threat of freezing the soil.

I prepare grooves (3-4 cm deep), spill them with water and spread the seeds after 10-15 centimeters. I fall asleep with well-kneaded earth without lumps.

Cotyledon leaves appeared, thinning out the planting. I leave 20–25 cm between seedlings. I note that I use scissors and do not pull out weak plants - I cut them off. The roots of neighboring cucumbers are not damaged.

Subsequent thinning - the end of June with 3-4 true leaves.

Crop care

I take care of the crops, as I should:

• regularly remove weeds;
• I water;
• I feed;
• I fight pests of cucumbers and their diseases.

Before flowering, I carry out hilling to increase the root mass and increase fruitfulness.

I water only with warm water in the early morning, or when it gets dark. The frequency of watering depending on soil moisture (in 2-4 days).

When the fruits begin to ripen, I increase the watering.

In no case do not allow drought on the soil or waterlogging. From this, the leaves turn yellow, and the fruits become bitter.

If it is not possible to regularly water cucumber plantings, then it is advisable to mulch the soil, for example, with peat. And when the nights get chilly in August, cover your green pets with non-woven fabric.

top dressing

I carry out root dressing every ten days. I use:

• mullein diluted with water (1:5);
• superphosphate (per 10 liters of water - 30–40 g).

Proper care of cucumbers always gives excellent results. Cucumber plantings are healthy and prolific.

Harvesting

I do not allow the fruits to grow large, otherwise new ovaries will be rare. Therefore, I harvest almost every day from morning until the midday hot sun.

And yet, you need to pick cucumbers correctly. Without touching the whip with my hands, I only press on the stem with my thumb, holding it with my index finger.

Naturally, if I see a sick cucumber, I don’t leave it.

So, planting cucumber seeds in open ground in May-June, I want to say that the yield pleased me and now I will grow my pimply fragrant vegetables only in this way.

If it suits you, write. Sincerely, Lyudmila Ostrovskaya.

My question to the wise gardeners: how do you deal with mosaic on cucumbers?

Tagged

» Cucumbers

Previously, it was believed that cucumbers are unpretentious in agricultural technology, they grow almost on their own. This is a delusion, it is unlikely that it will be possible to grow a good crop of cucumbers in an unfavorable ecological background with weather surprises. But if you take into account the advice of experienced gardeners, then you can harvest a rich harvest of greens throughout the summer, until the onset of cold weather.

It is quite possible to get a really big harvest in your garden if you follow the technology and perform timely control. The main rules of agricultural technology include the following activities:

• quality planting material
• selection of varieties and seeds, preparing them for sowing;
• soil preparation (fertilizer and disinfection);
• the procedure for sowing seeds, seedlings;
• irrigation;
• loosening and weeding;
• input of dressings;
• disease prevention;
• collection of fruits.

Cucumbers love nutritious loose soil, so they begin to prepare the site in the fall, especially if planting will be carried out in open ground. The entire site is dug up mixed with manure and humus. In the spring, the earth again needs to be dug up and enriched with organic matter. You can start sowing only after 7-10 days. Before planting, disinfection is carried out by watering the beds with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

When preparing the soil, you need to determine its acidity. For this, litmus paper is used. With an increased rate, the acidic environment should be neutralized by introducing dolomite flour or crushed lime into the soil.

Before sowing, the seeds are germinated for fast germination. Only germinated specimens are used. The grains are buried in the soil by 2-3 cm. When planting seedlings, the plants are distributed in 3-4 seedlings per 1 m2.

Watering is carried out exclusively with warm water, cold inhibits the development of the plant. Before the appearance of fruits, irrigation is carried out 1 time in 2-3 days, after the beginning of the formation of fruits, the intensity increases to daily procedures. It is important to prevent stagnant water in the soil.

At the initial stage of plant formation, it is necessary to regularly loosen, which is often combined with weeding. A lot of weeds next to cucumbers are dangerous for the plant, so you should not run the beds.

A week after planting seedlings or thinning seedlings, fertilizers are introduced. The working solution is prepared on the basis of the following components:

• a bucket of water;
• 10 g of ammonium nitrate;
• 10 g of superphosphate;
• 10 g of potassium salt.

Consumption rate: 1 liter per 1 bush.

After 2 weeks, re-feeding is introduced, increasing the amount of minerals by 2 times per 10 liters of water.

Proper watering of cucumbers

Favorable factors for high yields

To increase productivity, attention should be paid to all factors affecting the development and growth of cucumbers.

General rules for landing according to the lunar calendar in May and June

Many gardeners plan their sowing and planting of seedlings based on the recommended dates of the lunar calendar. As modern scientists have found out, the Moon really affects the intensity of development of cultivated crops and can increase germination. The principle of transplantation is based on the fact that all above-ground plants are tedious to plant after the new moon, and root crops after the full moon. According to popular beliefs, nothing can be planted or sown on the full moon and the next couple of days. But on the new moon, it's time to sow aboveground plants.

Selection of optimal varieties for high yields

The yield primarily depends on the variety of cucumbers, but when choosing, it is worth considering the climate in the region and the growing conditions of the selected hybrids. Breeders make a lot of efforts to fill the market with the so-called universal varieties, which are characterized by high yields and strong immunity. Among these:

• Masha;
• Zozulya;
• Courage;
• Pinocchio;
• Kibriya and others.

When growing cucumbers, organic and mineral fertilizers are used for top dressing. According to the method of application, they are foliar and root. Everyone chooses suitable options for how to fertilize, but experts recommend alternating them with each other.

In total, 4 top dressings are introduced:

• 2 weeks after planting;
• at the beginning of the formation of inflorescences;
• in the midst of fruiting;
• In 2 weeks.

In order to prevent the soil from drying out, the beds are mulched. Sawdust, peat or dried manure are used as mulch. This shelter inhibits the growth of weeds, which reduces the number of weeds to a minimum.

Do not mulch the soil with freshly cut grass, it can infect the vegetable crop with diseases.

Top dressing of cucumbers

Strengthening the root system

For long-term fruiting, it is important to have a strong measles system. The plant needs help to form adventitious roots. To do this, gently press the stem to the ground and sprinkle it with soil.

Getting rid of barren bushes

Conducting a regular inspection of the beds, you need to remove damaged sheets, cigarette rolls and fruits from the bushes, they reduce the fertility of the plant. Barren lashes are also considered superfluous on the plantation. The cause of poor development may be due to illness or other problems that are better localized. The soil where the plant grew must be treated with a solution of potassium permanganate.

Correct pinching

Pinching is performed in the case of the formation of a good lash, but without fruits. To do this, in the axils of the first five leaves, side shoots and ovaries in the axils of the first 3 leaves are removed. Make the cut carefully with a sharp tool so as not to damage the stem and other sprouts. It is correct to carry out the procedure when the length of the stepchildren reaches 3-6 cm.

The whip garter should be done so that the greens and stems do not rot from an excess of moisture. In addition, cucumbers are very fond of the light that the vertical beds provide in full. It is easy to build a trellis: drive supports into the ground along the edges of the row, tie ropes on them and lower the cord along them, which will wrap around the stem (not tight!) Several times.

Proper pinching of cucumbers

In addition to the generally accepted rules of agricultural technology, many gardeners use their secrets to increase productivity. Among the effective, and most importantly proven, the following tips stand out.

• Before planting seedlings, it is imperative to examine the soil. With a high occurrence of groundwater, it is necessary to switch to growing crops in a greenhouse with an equipped drainage system. As an option, use a hydrogel that will pull on excess soil moisture.
• The plant is thermophilic. Many do not even suspect that it is impossible to water with running water from a main or well, as this shortens the fruiting period. The liquid used should be settled within 23-24 degrees.
• Fruit picking should be done regularly, whether it be daily or once every 2 days. Irregularity contributes to a reduction in yield. During the collection, you need to carefully handle the lash, injury to the stem or branches also negatively affects fruiting.
• Cucumbers need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. When growing in a greenhouse, its deficiency often occurs, so there is a need for artificial replenishment. It is easy to do this: mulch the soil with manure (a layer of 3-5 cm), light a gas burner for a while, or spread pieces of dry ice along the beds.
• It will accelerate the growth of the plant, and strengthen the immune system feeding from milk. Every two weeks, milk diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 2 is injected under the root.
• Yields are influenced by neighboring crops. Some create protection against pests and diseases for cucumbers, others reduce fruiting. Nearby it is recommended to plant legumes (beans, asparagus, peas), peppers, eggplants, etc.

Timely harvest

Lunar calendar for planting cucumbers for 2018

According to the lunar calendar in 2018, landing work is determined by the following numbers:

• aboveground crops - February (16-28), March (17-29), April (16-28);
• root crops - February (1-15), March (3-16), April (1-15).

Taking into account the zodiac constellation that favors the growth of cucumbers, it is recommended to plant: in March from 19 to 24 and 27.28; in April from 5 to 9 and from 20 to 24.

The date according to the lunar calendar is chosen taking into account the climatic features of the region and the type of culture. Therefore, the most favorable time for landing may be the beginning of May.

In some regions, only the month of June is suitable for landing. The described tips and recommendations are feasible and accessible, so the success of the new crop is in the hands of the gardener. In a harvest year, you should not miss the opportunity to pick a record number of fruits from a small garden or plantation.

Many summer residents grow cucumbers in the country in greenhouse conditions. But what about those who do not have greenhouses? Buy or grow seedlings of cucumbers at home, or you can sow cucumber seeds immediately in open ground. We will talk about the latter method in more detail.

Place and soil

Choose a flat area in a sunny, calm place where tomatoes, peas, onions or early potatoes grew. You can also grow cucumbers from seeds in a plot where zucchini, melons and watermelons grew 2-3 years ago.

In autumn, dig up the area on a shovel bayonet, do not break earthen blocks so that the soil freezes well, remove all plant debris. Acidic soil is limed. In the spring, in April, blocks are broken up and leveled with a rake. 10 days before sowing cucumbers (mid-May), 1 bucket of humus, 2 tbsp. complex mineral fertilizer and 1 glass of wood ash per square meter. Humus can be replaced with BIUD organic fertilizer. Drip again and spill with a warm solution of potassium permanganate (6 liters per 1 sq.m). After that, it is better to cover the bed with a film for faster heating and dissolution of fertilizers. It is necessary to sow cucumber seeds in open ground only when the soil temperature becomes 18-23 ° C.

Seed preparation

Too much to get involved in the preparation of seeds for sowing is not worth it. It is enough to soak them in a strong solution of potassium permanganate for 1 hour for disinfection, then rinse under running water and soak in the Epin growth stimulator for 12-15 hours. If desired, you can germinate.

Sowing seeds of cucumbers

At the end of May, make a furrow 3-4 cm deep, water, spread the seeds at a distance of 10-15 cm and cover with earth. When cotyledon leaves appear, thin out, leaving 20-25 cm between seedlings. Do not pull out weak plants, but cut them off so as not to damage the roots of the remaining plants. The next thinning will be at the stage of 3-4 true leaves, around the end of June.

On heavy or waterlogged soils, it is better to grow cucumbers from seeds on ridges, planting to a depth of 1.5-2 cm.

Crop care

Regularly, remove weeds, water, feed and fight diseases and pests of cucumbers.

To form more roots, and then fruits, hill up before flowering.

Water early in the morning or best at dusk with warm water every 2-4 days depending on the level of soil moisture. The number of waterings can be increased during the period of fruit ripening. Do not allow a sharp change in the state of the soil from drought to waterlogging, this can lead to an early yellowing of the leaves and bitterness of cucumbers.

Every 10 days, carry out root dressing, fertilizing with mullein diluted with water 1: 5 and superphosphate (30-40 g per 10 l of water).

To maintain moisture, when it is not possible to conduct regular watering, it is better to mulch the soil with peat.

In August, when the nights are not so hot, it is better to cover the cucumbers with non-woven material. Proper care of cucumbers will undoubtedly give results.

Harvesting

The more often you collect cucumbers, the more new ovaries appear. It is better to do this in the morning so that the midday sun does not “roast” them.

How to pick cucumbers correctly: do not touch the lashes, press the stalk with your thumb. We also collect sick cucumbers so that new ones start.