The number of planting cucumbers for seedlings in 2018 depends on the region of residence and climatic conditions. Proper sowing determines the quality of the crop in the future. According to the moon phase calendar, it is easy to determine the best days for sowing planting material into the soil. Below you will find a lunar cucumber planting calendar for 2018.
Sowing seeds of cucumbers according to the lunar calendar in April 2018
It is recommended to plant cucumbers according to the lunar calendar in April on April 2, 3, 20, 21, 24, 25, 26, 29. It is not recommended to plant and transplant anything during the full moon on April 30 and during the new moon on April 15, 16, 17.
Planting cucumbers for seedlings according to the lunar calendar in May 2018
In May, it is already warm enough and the seeds can be sown directly into the ground under a film shelter. The most suitable days for planting cucumbers are May 6, 9, 10, 11, 18, 19, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 May. Prohibited for sowing and planting days: new moon on May 14, 15, 16 and full moon on May 29.
When is the best time to plant cucumbers according to the lunar calendar in June 2018
Auspicious days for planting cucumbers according to the lunar calendar 2018
There is a lunar calendar for planting cucumber seeds in the soil. In it, based on the phases of the moon, you can see days favorable for agricultural work. There is an opinion that crops are planted on the growing moon, in which the fruits are located above the ground, and on the waning moon - underground. It is desirable to sow the seeds of cucumbers on the growing moon. But it is possible to transplant seedlings to a permanent place in a decreasing one.
Auspicious days for planting cucumber seeds in 2018 according to the moon position calendar:
- The optimal time for landing in March: 10, 14, 19, 24, 25, 26th.
- In April, it is preferable to choose the following dates: 17th, 18th, 22nd, 27th, 29th.
- In May, seeds for seedlings are planted on the 18th, 19th, 24th, 25th, 26th.
- The most successful days for sowing in June are 10, 16, 17, 19, 23rd.
These dates are considered the best time for agricultural work. According to the lunar calendar 2018, it is easy to find out which specific day to choose for agricultural work and planting material. The data is adjusted annually depending on the influence of the moon. You can familiarize yourself with the calendar for sowing cucumbers before planting. But whatever the timing and favorable numbers, you always need to be guided by the weather. If you plant the seeds on a good day, but at the same time if it is still cold outside, then it is better to transfer the work until it gets warmer.
How to choose good cucumber seeds?
First of all, if the gardener plans to use his own seeds in the future, it is advisable for him to purchase seed material of varietal, rather than hybrid, cucumbers. If the varietal seeds of the last year are preserved, they will sprout. But you just need to keep in mind that cucumber bushes will not give the same harvest. In this sense, it is better to use the material of the year before last. When buying material in a store, you need to carefully make sure that this variety or hybrid is suitable for your conditions, namely, the temperature regime (presence / absence of a greenhouse) and the possibility of sufficient watering. As always, the old rule applies: if you need to get stable yields, it is better to choose proven varieties. And for the experiment, you can plant new material in a small amount.
Unfavorable days for planting cucumber seedlings in 2018
The moon calendar for planting cucumbers suggests the presence of unfavorable days when it is recommended to postpone sowing to another date. It also contains information about unsuccessful periods for the cultivation of seeds.
Bad days for growing cucumber seeds in 2018:
- It is not advisable to plant crops in March on the 8th, 10th, 13th, 15th, 18th.
- In April, unsuccessful dates will be 4, 5, 6, 14, 17, 19th.
- In the last month of spring, such days will be 2, 4, 11, 12, 17, 26, 27th.
- It is necessary to refrain from sowing planting material in June 2018 on the 4th, 8th, 9th, 12th, 13th.
On a waning moon, the planting of planting material leads to the fact that the harvest is meager, and the fruits are not the largest. The lunar calendar will help grow a rich harvest of cucumbers in the summer. But a successful result depends not only on the phases of the moon. Do not forget about caring for plants throughout the entire period of fruiting.
Seedling care according to the lunar calendar 2018
After the gardener has been able to choose a suitable date and schedule his time accordingly, it is useful to remind once again what conditions for growing seedlings must be met. Following a few simple tips helps to get a very good harvest - at least 2 kg from each square meter of land. Here are the tips:
- The temperature of the soil and the surrounding air layer should be approximately + 18 ... + 20 ° C. Frosts below +14°C are unacceptable.
- Water abundantly - the soil should always be noticeably moist. At the same time, in the very first week, it is better to pre-defend the water (keep it all night at room temperature).
- The earth is periodically loosened to avoid caking and clumping.
- Expose the container with seedlings to open sunlight. And if there is a clear drawback in the natural rays, they are additionally illuminated with incandescent lamps for at least 10 hours a day.
- They are fed with a special complex fertilizer, which is intended for seedlings. The second portion is applied immediately after planting in open ground.
Care after planting cucumbers according to the lunar calendar 2018
In the first days after moving to open ground, seedlings should be shaded from direct sunlight and high soil moisture should be provided for better rooting. To prevent the influence of cold, cultures are covered overnight with any non-woven material. Such shelter is removed after about two weeks. Watering of crops is carried out as the earthen clod dries up once a week, using up to 6 liters of liquid per square meter. During the flowering of the crop, the interval between waterings is halved. It is recommended to moisten the soil in the evening hours with water infused in the sun. You need to water the crops under the root using a watering can with a special sieve. Try not to get on the leaves of the plant, because droplets of water can cause burns. A day after each moistening, it is recommended to loosen the soil, which will prevent the formation of a dense crust. It is necessary to fluff up the earth with special care, because the root system of crops has a surface inception. To prevent evaporation of moisture, and also as an obstacle to the growth of weeds, the site is covered with a thick layer of mulch from broken straw or peat.
When growing cucumbers in bags or barrels, it is necessary to tie the crop lashes to supports, which will not only save usable space, but also prevent the development of certain diseases. Plants begin to tie to the trellis after the appearance of 4 true leaves. Depending on the cultivation method, the lash garter is either vertical or horizontal. In the latter case, to hold the cucumber bushes, a special trellis is used in the form of a grid, which is securely fixed between the posts. All the gardener needs is to periodically throw lashes into the mesh cells. In the second case, a solid construction is used, in the form of the P symbol. It is made of several vertical supports, on the tops of which a wire is stretched. Ropes will be tied to it, fixing the stems of cucumbers. During the growth of the culture, the stems are captured with shreds of tissue and pulled to the wire. Another important procedure for caring for cucumbers is top dressing. Such activities are carried out up to 8 times during the growing season, using organic and mineral nutrients. The first time cucumbers are fed in the flowering phase, then every two weeks. The best top dressing is an organic solution of mullein in a ratio of 1 to 10 with water or bird droppings in a ratio of 1 to 25. During irrigation, up to 6 liters of such fertilizer are used for each meter of usable area. An alternative option is the destruction of superphosphate between rows of plants with further embedding in the ground.
Growing conditions and days of sowing seeds are also important, the germination and development of plants directly depend on this. When planting plants, experienced gardeners use the lunar calendar, in which the development of a particular crop depends on the sign of the zodiac and the waxing or waning of the moon.
We grow seedlings
In order for the plants to be strong and healthy, it is necessary to choose seeds from trusted manufacturers, it is better to give preference to those cucumbers that are intended for growing in your area.
Soil for cucumbers is sold at any gardening store, but you can prepare it yourself. To do this, take the soil from the garden and mix it with humus in proportions of 1: 0.5. Before sowing, in order for the seeds to germinate faster, they are soaked in warm water or a stimulant solution. They do this as follows: seeds wrapped in gauze are placed in a shallow container, and water is poured so that they are not completely immersed in it. A cup of seed can be placed on the battery after laying it on a non-terry towel to reduce the temperature. Make sure the gauze is moist and does not dry out.
As soon as the seeds germinate, they can be planted in prepared containers. Before sowing, the ground is shed with warm water, small depressions of 1-2 cm are made and the sprouted seeds of cucumbers are carefully laid out, then they are sprinkled with soil. Landings can be covered with plastic wrap and put in a warm place. During this period, summer residents may have a question when to sow cucumbers for seedlings in 2017 according to the lunar calendar, we will consider it in more detail.
Using the lunar calendar
March
Under the climate conditions in the Moscow region and the middle zone, it is too early to plant cucumber seeds for seedlings, but residents of the southern regions, provided that plants are planted in a good greenhouse, can use favorable days for sowing cucumbers in March, this is 1,6,7,29,30.
April
This month, snow melts intensively in the middle lane, the temperature is above zero, and in the second decade, most garden work begins. So after the 20th numbers, you can plant seedlings of vegetables under film shelters. But you should follow the weather forecast and be on the alert to provide warmth in case of a cold snap or use a heated heifer. And so, when to sow cucumbers in April 2017 according to the lunar calendar? The most favorable days are April 9, 17-18, 28-29.
May
If the soil temperature has warmed up to 13-15 degrees, then you can safely plant seedlings or cucumber seeds in unheated greenhouses and greenhouses. Sow cucumbers for seedlings in May, in order to plant plants in open ground in June, you need 2,3,26,27 numbers.
June
In June, you can also use the lunar calendar for sowing cucumbers for seedlings 2017. Sometimes the weather changes until the 10th, there may be frosts during this period, so cucumbers can be sown at home in peat pots or tablets, and when the risk of a cold snap passes, plant plants with three or four leaves in open ground. If the vegetable grower did not have time to plant cucumber seedlings in May, then the most favorable days in June are 3,4,8,9.
In order to treat yourself to delicious greens from your own garden in the summer, you need to get down to business in the spring. The best result will be achieved if the summer resident knows when to plant cucumbers for seedlings in 2017 according to the lunar calendar. This will allow you to grow strong bushes and reap a rich harvest.
Cucumbers description, photo
Cucumber is an annual native to India. All its varieties are of three types - with short, medium or long lashes. The stem is creeping, reminiscent of a vine, and the root is of a tap type. The number of shoots is directly related to the variety and cultivation technology. The leaves are five-lobed, the flowers are yellow.
Fruits differ in color, weight, type of pubescence, size depending on the variety. They can be of different shades - from white to brown. Vegetables are eaten in the stage of technical ripeness, while the seeds are not developed, and the pulp is still tender and juicy. Still - a cucumber is 97% water! The remaining 3% are vitamins, minerals and some other substances.
Vegetables are grown not only in open, but also in protected ground. The second method is preferable, because this plant loves heat and moisture. If the shoots are cold, the ovaries may stop growing.
Classification of varieties
How to navigate the variety of options offered and not get lost in the "cucumber sea"? The choice depends on many factors. So, the main varieties of varieties:
- Cross-pollinated have male and female flowers, in natural conditions fertilized with the help of insects.
- Self-pollinating are most suitable for growing in a protected ground, the help of bees is not required.
- Parthenocarpics do not need fertilization for the development of the ovary, also a greenhouse variant.
Attention! You should not plant bee-pollinated varieties and parthenocarpics nearby, as bitter, substandard fruits will grow.
And there are several varieties depending on the culinary purpose. They are salad, pickling and options for canning. When planting, it is worth considering such features and separating varieties in order to avoid taste “surprises”, for example, in the case of salting.
Features of propagation of cucumbers by seeds
First you need to prepare the seed. This process takes place in several stages:
- Germination test. If you dip the seeds in a salt solution for 15 minutes, then the empty ones will float. Rinse the rest with clean water.
- Warming up. Keep the seed for 20 minutes in a warm place at a temperature of 45ºС.
- Disinfection. Soak for 15 minutes in a brown solution of potassium permanganate.
- Nutrition. "Embryos" are kept for 12 hours in a nutrient solution (for example, aloe juice, Epin or simply in milk).
- Germination. Leave the washed seeds, wrapped in a damp cloth, warm for a day until pecking.
- hardening. Keep the seed for 24 hours in the refrigerator at a temperature of +1 ... +2 degrees Celsius.
Attention! If a hybrid variety is intended for cultivation, all manipulations with seeds are canceled. In this case, no preparation is required.
Lunar calendar favorable days for planting cucumbers for seedlings: January / February / March / April
If you follow the natural rhythms of the natural satellite of the Earth, you can get an excellent harvest. Any gardener should know that planting this vegetable during the periods of new moons or full moons is strongly discouraged.
Indeed, these days all plant juices are concentrated either in tops or in roots, which does not promise a favorable development for the future seedling. On the growing moon, the juices rise up to the tops and leaves, so cucumbers need to be planted at just such a moment. On a waning one - it is worth sowing root crops, since vitality rushes to the very bottom of the plant.
The most favorable days in 2017 are:
- January - 1, 2, 3, 4, 11, 30;
- February - 1, 5, 12, 14;
- March - 9;
- April - 9, 18, 22, 27, 28.
Agricultural technology for growing seeds
The preparation of the soil mixture is one of the most important conditions for the health of future bushes. Ready-made peat soil from the store may be suitable, but it quickly passes moisture through itself, and when dried, it clumps into a tight lump. It may not be entirely comfortable for “residents” to develop in such conditions.
Therefore, it will be optimal to cook everything yourself. It will be a mixture of peat, humus, small sawdust in a ratio of 2: 2: 1. It is worth adding 3 tablespoons of ash and one nitrophoska to a bucket of substrate. The second version of homemade soil includes leafy and soddy soil, as well as compost in equal proportions.
If there is no desire to try for the sake of future "garden" achievements, then the soil from previously fertilized beds, where onions, garlic, nightshade, and legumes grew, will also do.
Since the root system is very delicate, the most thoughtful packaging options are required, with the help of which it will be possible to move the grown “kids” to a permanent place in a gentle mode. It is recommended to grow in special peat pots.
Young growth can be planted in the garden right with them. The soil mixture is applied to the container to the brim. The hole is made shallow, up to 2 cm. It is preferable to lay the seed on a barrel, and not put it vertically. The optimal size for pots for seedlings is 10 x 10 cm.
Know! Plastic cups from yogurt, sour cream, fermented baked milk are a poor choice of containers for future seedlings, since lactic acid bacteria can cause root diseases.
For planting, you can even use pieces of turf. They are chosen somewhere in the sun. Next, they cover the box with a film and lay the blanks with the grassy part down. A teaspoon of ash is added to the center of each square and a seed with a sprout is planted. Fertilizer is applied after germination.
The first time after sowing the seeds and before the emergence of seedlings, it is worth covering the container with a film, a suitable air temperature is + 25 ° C. Water with warm water. As soon as the sprouts hatch, the film must be removed and the temperature lowered by 5 degrees so that the shoots do not stretch out and wither. It is better to give preference to a well-lit place, but you should not place the pots in direct sunlight.
If the roots of the seedlings have occupied the entire capacity allotted to them, and the young growth has two or three true leaves, it's time to land on the garden. This usually happens 20-25 days after germination. In about a week, the shoots begin to harden - they are taken out onto the balcony or outside at a temperature of + 18⁰ C.
Important! Cucumber seedlings do not tolerate drafts.
When to plant seedlings in the ground according to the lunar calendar in 2017
Depending on climatic conditions, the timing of planting young plants in the ground varies from April to early June. In any case, it is necessary to do this at a time when the moon is "growing". For example, in April, such a period will be before the full moon on the 11th or after the new moon, which will be on the 26th.
Thus, the following days will be the most favorable: 1, 2, 4, 7, 27, 30. In May, based on the same considerations, the best will be - 1, 2, 5-7. In early June, transplantation is possible from 5 to 8. It is no longer advisable to plant cucumbers later.
Secrets of creating a productive furrow
It is quite possible to enjoy the first cucumbers in early June. Summer residents with experience share the tricks of growing on a "prolific" strip. To do this, it is necessary to dig a trench in the center of it with a depth equal to 1.5 bayonets of a shovel.
One-third of the recess is filled with last year's waste from the compost heap, you can add ash and rotted manure. The Baikal-M fertilizer will not be superfluous either. A little ordinary earth is added, and the soil mixture is mixed. The top layer will be 10 cm of humus.
To optimize the timing of planting, in this case, it is more convenient to sow in mid-April, and move the "teenagers" to the miracle furrow in early May. Approximately 35 bushes are required per strip 7 m long. It is better to have a few pieces in stock if any seedlings do not seem promising.
Landings should be covered with non-woven material, and additionally secured with a film on top. As soon as the first antennae appear, it must be removed and the cucumbers tied to the trellis.
Know! To rationally use the space of the site and improve the fruiting of cucumbers, kohlrabi and head lettuce can be planted with them.
warm bed
You can create a permanent and comfortable place for the "residence" of cucumber shoots. Such an abode for a green vegetable will last about 10 years. Basic principles of arrangement:
- Dig a trench 50-60 cm deep and about one meter wide.
- Lay wood chocks across the trench (for example, fragments of roots, tree trunks), and even better, fresh boards, the length of which is 60-70 cm.
- On the sides - fall asleep with wood chips. Lay the inverted turf on top and tamp.
- Throw a dried wood leaf on top, and pour a mixture of earth and compost (1: 1) in the next layer. The thickness of this should be 10 cm.
- You can arrange a wooden box around the perimeter, slightly beveling its edges on the south and west sides so that the maximum amount of sunlight penetrates.
Unfavorable days for sowing cucumber seeds for seedlings
If the natural satellite of the Earth passes through such zodiac signs as Libra, Aquarius, Leo, Gemini, then this period is considered not suitable for planting a vegetable. It is on such days that the moon has a negative effect on germination.
In order not to waste your time and energy in vain, you should refuse to sow on the following days:
- March: 4, 5, 25, 26, 31;
- April: 10, 21, 22, 26, 29.
- May: 20, 24, 29.
Important! Do not neglect information about the position of the moon. The negative impact on plants on "bad" days has long been recognized by the scientific community.
When to sow cucumber seeds in open ground according to the lunar calendar in 2017
A green vegetable loves warmth, and maintaining an adequate temperature regime is the main postulate in the agricultural technology of growing this crop. If the soil has warmed up to + 15 - 20⁰С during the day and at least + 8⁰С at night, then it's time to sow cucumbers in open ground. In central Russia, a suitable period begins around mid-May.
In order to have fresh and healthy homemade greens on your plate all summer long, experienced gardeners recommend sowing in three steps. On St. George's Day (May 6), on Nicholas (May 22) and May 28 (Pakhoma holiday). According to the lunar rhythm, the most favorable in May will be the 1st, 9th, 28th, and in early June - the 6th, 7th.
Preparing the site for planting without seedlings
About a week before sowing, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work to disinfect the soil. To do this, the earth is shed with a solution of liquid mullein (0.5 l), bird droppings (one glass), copper sulfate (teaspoon). All components are mixed in a bucket of water (10 l). This amount is enough to process 2 square meters. m. area.
Important! The prepared area is covered with a film to retain moisture and heat.
Further actions are as simple as possible, but effective:
- It is necessary to provide shelter (a film is suitable). For this, arcs about 80 cm high are installed. The distance between them should be about a meter.
- It is also better to cover the soil surface itself with a black non-woven material in order to accumulate more heat. Slots are made in the canvas for planting seeds.
- The depth of planting seed into the ground is about 2 cm.
- It is better to lay two seeds in one hole. When shoots appear - pinch a weaker shoot. It is important not to uproot it! After all, they will be intertwined at closely seated bushes.
- Cover the crops with an additional layer of non-woven material. When shoots appear, it can be removed.
- Additionally, insulate and protect the grown young with jars or cut plastic bottles.
The film on the arcs remains for the whole season, because the comfortable temperature for the development and growth of the ovaries is about 18-22˚C at night, but not higher than 35˚C during the day. At extremely high temperatures, pollen loses its fertilizing properties. 
Following all the secrets and having studied the intricacies of the process of growing young plants, it is necessary to take into account when to plant cucumbers for seedlings in 2017 and according to the lunar calendar. A modern knowledge base will allow you to achieve significant success, the main thing is not to be lazy.
Planting cucumbers can be done in greenhouses, hotbeds or in open ground in seedlings and seedless method.
Depending on the planting conditions, cucumbers can be planted from late April to early June.
- end of April - beginning of May - in greenhouses;
- middle - end of May - planting cucumber seeds in open ground;
- end of May - beginning of June - planting seedlings of cucumbers in open ground and greenhouses.
When to plant cucumbers in May? What conditions affect the choice of a specific date for planting cucumbers?
First of all, it is advisable to familiarize yourself with the recommendations of the Lunar calendar of the gardener and gardener for the current year.
Since the night luminary affects all life on our planet, depending on the phase in which it is located, astrologers distinguish the most favorable and unfavorable days for sowing and planting seedlings of cucumbers.
Auspicious days for planting cucumbers in May 2019 according to the lunar calendar are as follows:
- 05/06 - 05/08 - the growing moon in Gemini.
- 09.05 - 10.05 - the growing Moon in Cancer.
- 11.05 - the growing moon in Leo.
- 12.05 - 14.05 - the growing moon in Virgo.
- 15.05 - 18.05 - the growing moon in Libra.
The most unfavorable days for planting cucumbers in May are the dates of the full moon and new moon, on which it is not recommended to carry out any work related to seeds and seedlings at all.
- 05.05 - New Moon.
- 19.05 - Full moon.
When familiarizing yourself with the recommendations of the Lunar calendar, you need to understand that you cannot do without them alone, you must also take into account the weather conditions in the region where the garden plot is located. The main ones are the temperature of the earth and air.
Firstly, the soil should not only thaw, but also warm up well by the time of planting.
The air temperature when planting cucumber seedlings in a greenhouse should be at least 12 degrees at night and 15 degrees during the day inside it.
And already when the temperature rises to 20 degrees, you can start airing the plantings by opening the windows in the greenhouse.
For the normal development of seedlings of cucumbers in open ground, the temperature during the day should be at least 18 degrees Celsius.
At the end of May, return frosts are often observed, which can kill seedlings growing in unprotected ground. Therefore, very often, after planting, cucumbers are covered with a film, creating greenhouse conditions.
When the air temperature normalizes, they can be removed, but, for example, in the zones of the Urals and Siberia, cucumbers are simply opened for a day for ventilation, and in the evening they are again covered with protective material.
And now you have finally chosen a planting day for cucumbers in May, what to do next?
Planting cucumbers in open ground
The first step is to prepare the soil for planting. Usually this operation is performed in the fall.
Planting pits are dug in the open ground and filled with humus and compost to prepare warm pillow beds.
Rotted manure and compost are also introduced into the greenhouse ridges, and in the spring they only add mineral fertilizers, loosen and level.
Planting patterns in open ground and in greenhouse conditions are different, so they should be considered separately.
Planting cucumbers in open ground in May is carried out on beds in one, two lines, nests or on pillow beds.
- In the case of a single-line planting, cucumbers are planted at a distance of 20-25 cm from each other, and a passage of at least a meter is made between the ridges.
- With a two-line planting, a passage of 1 m is left between the ridges, the distance between adjacent seedlings is 40 cm, and the row spacing is half a meter.
- The nest planting method is usually used when sowing seeds, preparing 10x10 cm holes and placing 6-7 seeds in them. Then the seedlings are thinned out, leaving the strongest and strongest in the amount of 4-5 pieces. In this case, the distance between adjacent holes is about 70 cm.
- When planting cucumbers on a warm cushion bed, which usually measures 50x50, about 4-5 seedlings or seeds are placed.
The optimal planting pattern in a greenhouse is a two-line one, observing the distance between adjacent seedlings of 35-40 cm and 50 cm between rows. In this case, the passages between the beds are usually at least 80 cm.
If there is a lot of planting material, then seedlings and seeds can be planted in a checkerboard pattern, which will significantly improve lighting conditions.
Sowing seeds is carried out to a depth of 1.5-2 cm, and when planting seedlings, it is recommended to plant cucumbers without deepening the root collar. It is best to plant seedlings by transshipment, without shaking off the earthen ball from the roots.
Care and protection from diseases and pests
Care for seedlings and seedlings of cucumbers is simple and implies:
- timely and regular watering, on which the yield and taste of cucumbers directly depend. In this case, the water should be warm (warmed up in the sun) and supplied by drip irrigation or from a bucket. Watering cucumbers from a hose is highly undesirable;
- top dressing, the first of which is desirable two weeks after planting seedlings or emergence, for this you can use organic and mineral fertilizers containing nitrogen;
- loosening and weeding;
- tying, which concerns the vertical cultivation of cucumbers on a trellis;
- ventilation of the greenhouse or greenhouse. Too high humidity and high temperature provoke the occurrence of various diseases and pests on cucumbers.
Protection of cucumbers from diseases and pests
Most often, pests of cucumbers affect greenhouse plantings, and the most insatiable of them are spider mites, melon aphids and whiteflies, which are very difficult to get rid of.
If the seedlings are still young, and the harvest is still far away, it is better to use special chemicals to control pests of cucumbers.
Diseases of cucumbers often occur due to non-compliance with the rules of agricultural technology by the gardener himself.
For fungal diseases (various types of rot and powdery mildew), natural and commercial fungicides are used, and when cucumbers are infected with infectious diseases (such as mosaics), it is recommended to remove diseased plants.
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