Radishes are one of the most favorite root vegetables among our compatriots, and this is understandable. What is okroshka without fresh radishes?! Opportunity grow all year round vitamins in the garden only the greenhouse gives. In addition, it is also . In winter, a fresh vegetable grown not by an industrial producer, but by a caring gardener, will go in great demand.
Greenhouse requirements
In winter, especially in the middle and northern parts of our country, grow radishes will not work, so it’s better to stop at . Growing radishes in a polycarbonate greenhouse has several advantages:
- protects well from adverse weather conditions (wind, precipitation);
- can be equipped with artificial lighting;
- in it easier to install an irrigation system and heating;
- There are special windows for ventilation.
Growing radishes, in the southern regions, where negative temperatures are rare, bioheating can be used(rotted manure, preferably horse manure) or biofuel.
In the middle zone and in the northern regions, technical heating is more suitable - solid fuel or electric boiler, with the help of which the water will be heated in the pipes that form a circuit throughout the greenhouse.
How to grow radishes in a greenhouse? To grow radishes in a greenhouse in spring and winter for sale, the cassette method or on racks in containers is used. In this case, the heating circuit will maintain the desired temperature at all times soil.
Varieties for the greenhouse
How to grow radishes in a greenhouse in winter? More for year-round cultivation early ripening and early varieties are suitable radishes for greenhouses. Although the combination of varieties with different ripening speeds is more worthy of attention.
- An early ripening variety will produce a harvest in 20 days;
- The early variety will ripen in 30 days;
- Mid-season can be harvested after 40 days;
- Late varieties have planting and ripening periods of more than 40 days.
If you plant radishes with different ripening periods, you can have a constant harvest.
Early ripening varieties radishes for greenhouses, recommended by experts:
- « Ultra early red» can be eaten already 20 days after sowing. This is a beautiful round red root vegetable weighing up to 15 g with excellent taste. By the way, its leaves are used in salads and soups.
- « Children's F1"When to plant radishes of this variety in a greenhouse? According to the manufacturer, radishes will appear on your table within 16 days after planting. Juicy, mildly spicy variety.
- « 18 days“—radishes of this variety actually ripen within the period indicated in the name. It has an elongated cylindrical shape and a mild, not spicy taste. The pulp is juicy and tender.
- « Firstborn F1"will please you with a harvest on the 16-18th day. It is characterized by high yield and resistance to fruit cracking. The yield of radish per 1 square meter in a greenhouse is up to 3.5 kg. Radishes are large – up to 35 g, strong, juicy and sweet.
Early varieties radishes for greenhouses:
- « Early red» produces a high yield and is resistant to bolting;
- « French breakfast»has a cylindrical shape and good taste;
- « Heat"- classic radish in shape and taste.
- « Celeste F1» - producer of this variety of radish for greenhouses - Holland. It has good yield, excellent taste, and is also unpretentious in cultivation and care.
Of course, there are a huge number of radish varieties. What are the best radish varieties for greenhouses? When choosing seed material, it is better to focus on the zoning of the variety and the soil composition favorable for its cultivation.
Selecting and preparing seeds
When choosing seeds, pay attention to their size. Radish seeds for greenhouse must be large, up to 3.5 mm. Standard home sorting is to sift them through a sieve with large mesh (2 mm). Those that remain in it are planted in the greenhouse, those that have been sifted - in the spring in open ground.
Sowing radishes in a greenhouse: before planting soak the seeds for a couple of days. To do this, wet a soft cloth or gauze and place the seeds between its layers. Keep the gauze damp at all times. The seeds should produce tiny sprouts. Then treat the seeds with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Rinse them and immerse in a growth stimulator solution for 4 hours, diluted according to instructions.
Then rinse lightly again and dry on a cloth until it flows. That's it, the seeds are ready. It is recommended to use different varieties when planting for the first time, so that later you can decide on your taste preferences.
Planting and care
Technology for growing radishes in a greenhouse.
How to plant radishes in a greenhouse? Planting in a greenhouse radishes: for sowing seeds furrows are made in the garden bed at a distance of 10 cm from each other. The furrows are shed with water. Hatched seeds are sown to a depth of 1.5 cm with an interval of 3-4 cm.
It is important to maintain planting depth. If you plant seeds deeper, there is a risk of losing 50% of the harvest.
The soil
How to grow radishes in a greenhouse? The soil is prepared in the fall, plant residues from previous crops are removed from it. It is dug up and fertilized with humus. Radishes do not like acidic soil, so liming may be required. Before planting, the soil is loosened well and, if necessary, warmed up. To do this, pour hot water over it and cover it with film for 2-3 days.
In the southern regions and in the temperate climate, this is not necessary. The soil for radishes should be loose and well-permeable to moisture. The best drainage for it will be wood ash. A potassium-phosphorus mixture is used as a fertilizer.
Temperature
For planting seeds in a greenhouse temperature maintained at 10-12°C. In order for radishes to germinate, a temperature of 16-18°C is needed. When the first cotyledon leaves appear, the temperature is reduced to 8-10°C and kept this way for 3 days. Then it is raised again to 16-20°C.
Lighting
Ideal lighting would be 1200-1300 lux. Daylight hours should be 12 hours V. If it is winter time or the beginning of spring, the plantings must be illuminated using LED or fluorescent lamps. Radishes don’t need more than 12 hours of light, otherwise they may sprout. When growing radishes in a greenhouse in the summer, when daylight hours are long, the ridges are shaded so that flower stalks do not form on the radishes.
Watering and fertilizing
Radish loves moist soil, so you can’t let it dry out. This is fraught with loss of harvest. If you choose the cassette growing method, keep in mind that watering should be done from below, through the drainage hole.
Watering is carried out to a depth of 10-15 cm. To reduce moisture evaporation, the soil can be sprinkled with peat or humus. To avoid sudden increases in humidity in the greenhouse after watering her needs to be ventilated. Otherwise, there is a risk of plant disease with blackleg.
Fertilizing should be done only if it was not sufficiently enriched in the fall or before planting. In this case superphosphate diluted in water is added, urea and wood ash.
Thinning and weeding
How are radishes grown in a greenhouse? Cylindrical radishes are planted at a distance of 3-4 cm, round ones - 5-6 cm. After the seedlings are several days old, they needs to be thinned out. If this is not done, then each plant, trying to gain space, will increase green mass to the detriment of the developing root crop. During the growth of radish beds light loosening and weeding required from weeds.
Disease Prevention
The same soil used in the greenhouse is used in the garden. And just like other vegetables, radishes are susceptible to diseases. To prevent them, seedlings are sprayed with a solution of laundry soap and wood ash in a ratio of 1:2.
This will protect the plantings from powdery mildew and blackleg, and will also repel cabbage moths, caterpillars and cruciferous midges. As you can see, with minimal labor and financial costs you can harvest radishes all year round. Radishes grown in a greenhouse are in no way inferior in taste and beauty to their soil counterpart.
Video about planting radishes in a greenhouse:
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Radish belongs to the cabbage family, its homeland is Southeast Asia, this root vegetable spread to Europe and became a garden crop thanks to the Roman Empire. Today the vegetable is grown all over the world, and a wide variety of varieties have been obtained. The fruits themselves are small, but in the 16th century it was possible to grow radishes with a record weight of 45 kg. Growing radishes in a greenhouse is especially popular - this makes it possible to harvest several harvests a year even in regions with a cold climate. The peculiarity of the root vegetable is its easy care, rapid ripening and consumption raw, which guarantees the receipt of a large amount of vitamins.
Features of cultivation
The growth rate of radishes allows it to be planted up to four times per season. If you plant seeds in a polycarbonate greenhouse, then in conditions of sufficiently moist soil and at a temperature of +18...+25 ° C, the first shoots will appear in 3-4 days. If air is passed through the seeds in water in the laboratory, they begin to germinate within 18 hours.
Radish is a long-day plant: if daylight hours last at least 13 hours, the vegetable begins to bloom. Root crops are most actively formed at a temperature of +10…+18 °C. Average temperature conditions allow harvesting after three weeks; if the climate is colder, full ripening may be completed in 6–8 weeks.
There are several other features of growing this root vegetable:
- the best soil is sandy loam;
- the top layer of the bed should always be wet;
- radishes are not able to fight weeds on their own, so the beds need care;
- indoors, radishes do not lose their quality for a maximum of three days, so it is recommended to store root vegetables in the refrigerator (without leaves).
How to prepare the soil for sowing and choose varieties
Work on soil preparation can begin in the fall. Radishes need neutral soil, as acidic soil can cause a number of diseases in the plant. Therefore, mineral fertilizers are needed: potassium chloride (15 g per 1 m²) and superphosphate (40 g per 1 m²).
If the soil is poor in organic matter or there is its depletion caused by the previous crop, then you will have to add 5–6 kg of compost per 1 m². When this is done, the beds can be dug up, leveled with a rake and left in this state until spring.
The quality of the harvest greatly depends on the choice of seed variety, since not everyone will give the desired effect when planted in a greenhouse. The best results are achieved by varieties such as:
- “Greenhouse”, resists shooting well;
- "Zarya", resistant to stress;
- “Heat”, the variety is good for planting in early spring;
- "Saksa", the harvest is ready in less than a month.
Optimal sowing dates
Radish harvests in a greenhouse covered with polycarbonate can be harvested from April to June and later from September to January. To determine the timing of planting, you need to know the soil temperature, which should be within +12...+15 °C. When the shoots have appeared, the doors and windows of the greenhouse can be opened during the day (or the film removed) and closed at night. As soon as the average daytime air temperature reaches +25 °C, the greenhouse can be kept open during the day. However, you still need to monitor the weather: radishes can only withstand short-term cold snaps (down to -3 ° C).
If there are appropriate varieties, then the plants can be planted a second time in a month or a month and a half in order to harvest before the onset of the hot summer period. At this time, the seedlings do not need to be covered. Care consists of weeding and loosening the row spacing. Once again, radishes can be grown in a greenhouse in September, when the average temperature drops below +25 °C. Autumn fruits are considered the most delicious, since the sunlight is still strong and the plants accumulate sugar well.
If you have a heated greenhouse (the temperature must be regulated), then you can plant radishes from November to January. Special varieties that tolerate shady growing conditions will be required. Radishes in a greenhouse can be planted on any convenient day at +25 °C. When root crops begin to set, the temperature can be reduced to +22 °C, at night - to +15 °C.
Sowing
Seeds are planted in a polycarbonate greenhouse around April. The process involves placing the seeds at regular intervals into previously prepared grooves. The best depth is 1–1.5 cm.
If planted too deep, the fruits will grow very elongated; if shallow, there is a risk of the seeds drying out.
There are 3 most common methods of planting seeds: manual, mechanical (using a special seeder) and belt. The first method is the most labor-intensive, but reliable - it is used in small areas (usually up to 10 m²). At the first stage, make parallel grooves no more than 2 cm deep. The seeds of the selected variety can be dry or already soaked in advance (these will germinate faster).
The shell of radish seeds is quite delicate - they cannot be squeezed too much in your hand.
Read on the packaging what size the root crop will grow - it depends on the specific variety. Depending on the information received, the distance between the planted seeds will be within 4–10 cm. You can maintain the distance, for example, using a matchbox (5 cm) or using egg packaging: it needs to be pressed into loose soil: as a result, you will get ideal depressions on the same distance. When planting is done, cover the seeds with soil and lightly press down with a board (but do not tamp!). Now water the planted seeds so that small puddles form, just do not overdo it.
If you plan to plant radishes on an area significantly larger than 10 m², it is recommended to use a seeder. Manufacturers offer different types of hand-held devices, including:
- tape;
- single row;
- double row.
When using a seeder, whose task is to distribute planting material evenly, it is necessary to take only dry seeds. First, adjust the device to the desired depth and the optimal number of seeds to be sown. During planting, you can control the process by checking at what depth the planting is being done. In case of deviation from the norm, the seeder must be reconfigured. The downside is that if you have not checked the optimal depth or seeding rate in time, it is no longer possible to correct the bed. But once you acquire the skill, you can quickly sow a large area.
Another method of planting radishes is called strip; he is rightly considered the fastest. To carry out strip planting, you need to prepare paper strips in advance and stick seeds on them at the required distance (this can be done, for example, in winter, when you have free time). The length of the tapes is up to 2.5 m, width 5 mm. The seeds are glued with a pre-cooked paste (starch and water are boiled to the consistency of sour cream). The work is quite tedious, but planting in the spring is done in literally minutes. Before planting, make grooves, place ribbons in them and sprinkle with soil, then lightly compact them.
How to care for radishes
Care is not that difficult: if the soil is well prepared, then all you have to do is monitor the temperature and humidity. At the seed germination stage, maintain +18 °C; for mass germination, it is recommended to cool the greenhouse (if possible) to +8 °C for 3–4 days so that the sprouts do not stretch.
Further care consists of maintaining +15…+20 °C during the day and +8…+10 °C at night. To prevent the appearance of pests, treat the crops with tobacco dust mixed with ash (1: 1). It is also necessary to monitor the frequency of germination: care here consists of thinning the plants, otherwise you will get small fruits (the best distance is at least 3 cm).
Watering should be done when the top layer of soil begins to noticeably dry out (about once every couple of days), but in hot weather the intensity of watering can be increased. With a lack of moisture, root vegetables become rough and tasteless (bitter).
If you try to correct the mistake and water the radishes, cracks will begin to form on the body of the fruit. Therefore, watering must be done in a timely manner.
It is also advisable to take care of the soil during ripening, which consists of filling it with peat (1 cm layer): this will retain moisture and slow down evaporation. Do not forget to ventilate the greenhouse after watering, otherwise there will be a risk of plants becoming infected with blackleg. Fertilizers can be applied simultaneously with watering. Care consists of feeding with nitrogen microelements (no more than 30 g per 1 m²).
Margarita I., Tomsk.
Tell me, When is the first time of year to sow radishes in a greenhouse and how to prepare the greenhouse for planting?
During the cold, long winter, the only fresh vegetables on the tables of most Russians are always onions, carrots and white cabbage, so in the spring, when the body is already completely yearning for young garden greens, ordinary radishes seem to us an exquisite delicacy. To enjoy juicy, crispy radishes in mid-April, its seeds must be sown in early March. But if weather conditions do not allow planting radishes in open ground at the very beginning of spring, you can use a greenhouse or film greenhouse to obtain a particularly early harvest.
Growing radishes in a greenhouse: planting dates
Theoretically, in a heated polycarbonate or glass greenhouse, radishes can be grown all winter, but maintaining a heated and illuminated structure in the coldest months costs a pretty penny, making the cost of January radishes prohibitively high. Therefore, radishes are usually sown in heated greenhouses from the first days of February until mid-March, and in unheated greenhouses - from the second half of March until the second decade of April.
Attention! Radishes can be sown in an unheated structure only after the soil in it has thawed to a depth of 5 cm.
When calculating planting dates, it should be remembered that the same early-ripening variety, when planted in a greenhouse in early February, forms root crops in 46-48 days, in mid-March - in 32-35 days, in early April - in less than a month .
Radishes can be grown in a greenhouse all year round
Selection and preparation of seed material
Only very early and early ripening shade-tolerant varieties of radishes, or varieties specially designed for cultivation in closed ground, are suitable for growing in a greenhouse.
These include:
- "Firstborn F1";
- "Silesia";
- "Ultra early red";
- "18 days";
- "Varta";
- "Dawn";
- "Sax"
- "Greenhouse";
- "Heat";
- "Early Red" and some others.
Seed material is purchased at the rate of 5 g of seeds per square meter of bed.
Radish seeds coated or glued to paper tapes are sown in a greenhouse without pre-planting preparation. All other seed material is sorted by weight and size and the smallest and most rotten seeds are discarded.
Radishes are planted in an unheated greenhouse when the ground thaws 5 cm
Advice. To separate the seeds into fractions, sift them through a calibrated wire strainer with two-millimeter mesh or immerse them in a weak saline solution.
For disinfection purposes, calibrated seeds are soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate for a quarter of an hour.
To speed up germination before sowing, the planting material (if desired) is treated with something and wrapped in a damp cotton rag for two days.
Soil preparation
In the fall, beds intended for radishes are dug to a depth of thirty centimeters and at the same time fertilized with compost, superphosphate and potassium chloride, adding them per square meter of soil in quantities of one and a half buckets, 40 and 15 g, respectively.
Too heavy, compacted clay soil is “lightened” by adding seeded river sand or high-moor peat to it.
Advice. Radishes do not grow well in acidic soil. To reduce the acidity level in the fall, before digging, scatter dolomite flour, chalk or slaked lime (3-4 buckets per hundred square meters) over the area, or in the spring add a little crushed wood ash to the soil in the beds.
Sowing radishes
- In the spring, the soil in the greenhouse is dug up again and watered with hot water.
- On the soil prepared in this way, form a meter-wide ridge, level it with a rake and make shallow (1.5 cm) grooves on them, spaced from one another by the width of a palm.
- Radish seeds are sown in the furrows manually, with an interval of 2.5-4 cm. For especially large-fruited varieties, this interval is increased to 5 cm.
- The sown seeds are covered with a centimeter layer of soil.
Excessive deepening of radish seeds leads to poor germination.
Radishes can be grown for sale in a greenhouse
Advice. To make your work easier, in winter, calibrate radish seeds, stick them on narrow strips cut from toilet paper, dry the made ribbons and roll them into rolls. In the spring, all you have to do is place the seed strips prepared ahead of time in the furrows and sprinkle them with soil.
Having established the cultivation of radishes in a greenhouse, you can not only eat plenty of crispy young radishes yourself, but also replenish the family budget by selling its surplus on the market.
Sowing radishes in a greenhouse - video
Radishes, which form edible root vegetables, are members of the Brassica family (formerly called Cruciferae because of their four-petalled flowers). It was domesticated in Europe before the creation of the Roman Empire. Currently grown and consumed all over the world in its raw form as a crunchy salad vegetable with a high content of vitamins beneficial to humans. It has a huge variety of varieties in shape, root color and ripening time. Sometimes grown together with other vegetables as a compacting crop or as a.
The seeds germinate very quickly in the soil and form a root crop in a short time. For the vast majority of varieties, the main crop is ready for harvest within 3-4 weeks, with the exception of daikons, also related to radishes, which take several months to ripen. Some varieties are grown for seeds for oil.
Sometimes not only root vegetables are eaten, but also juicy tender leaves, which also accumulate vitamins.
The only place where scientists have discovered truly wild forms of radishes is Southeast Asia. India, China and Central Asia became secondary habitats where various forms were developed. Roman and Greek farmers at the beginning of our era introduced into the culture radishes with a round and elongated shape, a sweet and spicy taste, and various fruit colors from white to purple. The largest radish was grown in the mid-16th century, weighing 45 kg.
Biological features of cultivation
Radishes grow very quickly and you can get up to four harvests per season. Seeds in moist soil and at temperatures from +18 to +25 degrees germinate within 3-4 days. In laboratory conditions, when air and water are passed through the seeds, the first sprouts appear within 18 hours. Radishes are long-day plants, and when the daytime solstice lasts more than 13 hours, they begin to flower. The best conditions for the formation of root crops are in the range from +10 to +18 degrees. Under average conditions, the first harvest of most varieties is ready for harvest in 18-25 days; in colder temperatures, this period can extend to 6-8 weeks.
Light sandy loam soils are most suitable for the growth of root crops. It is unacceptable to bring the top layer of soil to a dry state during seed germination, as this can lead to a severe delay in the emergence of seedlings and even their death.
Radishes do not compete with weeds, so the area for sowing must be free of weeds.
After harvesting, root vegetables are stored at room temperature without loss of consumer qualities for 2-3 days, so it is recommended to store them in the refrigerator without leaves at a temperature of +3...+6 degrees.
Radish planting and care has a number of features, which we will consider in more detail.
Sowing methods or how to plant radishes correctly
It is necessary to follow simple rules in order to get friendly shoots. Planting radishes in a greenhouse is done by placing the seeds in furrows at equal distances. The depth of planting affects the shape of the formed radish. If sowed very deeply, the root crops turn out to be elongated; if sowed too shallow, the seeds may dry out, fail to germinate, and a superficial root system is formed, which provides little nutrients to the plant. The optimal seed sowing depth is 1-1.5 cm.
- Manual sowing
The most painstaking, but also the most reliable way of sowing radish seeds. It is used for small garden areas, up to 10 square meters. First, make a furrow 1-2 cm deep in the garden bed. Dry or soaked seeds are used. Take one seed at a time with your hands, gently pressing it between your thumb and forefinger, and place it in the groove. The seeds have rather delicate coverings, so they cannot be squeezed or rubbed too much in your hands; if they are damaged, they lose their viability and die. The distance between the seeds depends on the varietal size of the root crop and ranges from 4 to 10 cm. For the convenience of measuring the same distance, you can use a matchbox with a side length of 5 cm. Having laid the seeds on the bottom of the groove, they are carefully sprinkled with earth, preventing displacement. Then compact the soil from above with a light roller or wide board to improve seed-to-soil contact without over-compaction. After sowing, abundant watering is required until puddles begin to form, but do not overwater, as the seeds may float to the surface.
- Sowing with a seeder
If the bed for radishes is more than 10 square meters, then it is better to use a mechanical hand seeder.
There are various types of planters, including single-row, double-row, and belt. Their main task is to evenly distribute the seeds along the furrow. Planting radishes in a greenhouse with their help is possible only with dry seeds, since they are severely injured with this method. Before use, the seeder is adjusted to the optimal depth and seeding rate. They are usually driven by a wheel on the seeding unit. When sowing, it is necessary to control how the process occurs; to do this, dig up the soil and evaluate the uniformity and depth of sowing. If there is a deviation from the specified parameters, the seeder is reconfigured. The disadvantage of this method of sowing is the inability to correct an incorrectly sown bed, but with sufficient skill it is possible to sow a fairly large area in a short time.
- Sowing with ribbons
On quiet, long winter evenings, there is an opportunity to prepare for the fastest way to sow radishes in a greenhouse and stick the seeds on paper tapes. They should be 0.5 cm wide and 2-2.5 m long. Mark them with a pencil every 5 cm. Boil the paste from starch and water until creamy. Then, using it, the seeds are glued to the designated places on the tape. This is quite painstaking work, but it significantly speeds up sowing.
When the time comes to plant radishes, make grooves of the required depth and place prepared ribbons with seeds on the bottom. They are then sprinkled with soil, tamped down and watered. Water soaks the paste and paper and the seeds germinate freely, being at a precisely specified distance.
There are other ways to plant radishes (sowing seeds, mixing with paste and sowing through a bottle), but they do not provide uniform distribution of seeds and are not considered, because then it is necessary to thin out the seedlings.
The best sowing dates and when to plant radishes in a greenhouse
Taking into account the biological characteristics of radishes, root crops can be obtained from April to June and from September to January in a greenhouse with a film or glass cover. In winter, radishes are difficult to grow due to lack of light, but in summer, radishes bloom.
Under film covers in the spring, sowing dates are determined by soil temperature. Sowing seeds can be done when it is warmed up to +12...+15 degrees; such conditions usually occur in early April. After the emergence of seedlings, the film is opened during the day to prevent overheating of the plants, and closed back at night. When the average daytime air temperature approaches +25 degrees, the film is not closed, but is not removed in case of cold weather. Radishes in a greenhouse tolerate short-term frosts down to -3 degrees, but it is better to cover the plants when they are forecast.
After 4-6 weeks, you can sow radishes a second time in order to continue harvesting them until the beginning of summer. In the second rotation, film covers are used only during the period of seedling emergence. After this, the film is removed completely.
In the autumn in September, radishes are sown in a film greenhouse, when the air temperature drops below +25 degrees. Due to high temperatures, seeds may die or root crops may not form. Autumn radishes are the most delicious, as there is still plenty of sunlight, which contributes to the accumulation of sugar.
From November to January, radishes can only be grown in glass greenhouses. In them, temperature conditions are easily regulated by heating, so during this period sowing is done on any convenient day. During the period of germination it is maintained at +25 degrees, and during the period of growth and setting of root crops during the day + 22...+25 degrees, at night +15...+18 degrees. Selected for winter growing.
We hope that comprehensive information has been provided on how and when to plant radishes in a greenhouse, which will allow gardeners to harvest radishes almost all year round
Radishes are an unpretentious crop that any beginning gardener can grow. This root vegetable will protect your family from spring and winter vitamin deficiencies. Growing radishes in a polycarbonate greenhouse is possible almost all year round, regardless of weather conditions.
The best indicators of thermal insulation and light transmission are obtained if you use cellular polycarbonate instead of monolithic, straight walls and roof instead of arched forms. It is important to take proper care of the purity of polycarbonate, otherwise the light transmittance will be significantly reduced.
Soil preparation
The quality of the soil has a great influence on the quality of the crop. Important indicators for radishes...
- Radishes love loose and well-drained soil. If the soil is dense, the root crop will grow tough. Adding peat, sawdust, and husks will make the soil loose.
- Fertility. In the fall, you need to add fertilizers for digging: superphosphate - 40 grams, potassium chloride - 15 grams (per 1 square meter). Manure fertilizers can be used if the soil is poor in organic matter. But do not overuse, otherwise the growth will be in the leaves and not in the roots.
- Radishes love neutral soil.
Good predecessors for radishes are: cucumber, zucchini, eggplant, and pepper. Moreover, radishes can be sown immediately after growing cucumber or tomato seedlings.
Preparing and planting seeds
For planting, select those grown in protected soil or universal ones. In early spring, seeds begin to be prepared for sowing. In general the process looks like this:
- calibration with a sieve using a sieve with 3*3 mm cells. Large seeds guarantee an early harvest and good root size;
- heating the seeds protects against rot - in warm water (about 45 or 50 degrees Celsius). After warming up, the seeds need to be cooled by immersing them in cold water;
- treatment of seeds in a weak solution of potassium permanganate (1% for 20 minutes). This ensures disinfection and stimulates the germination process. After processing, the seeds must be rinsed under water and dried until free-flowing.
Planting pattern: The rows should be located at a distance of 7-10 cm from each other. Seeds in a row can be sown densely, but be sure to thin out the root crops to a distance of 3 cm between plants. Watering must be done daily, and after emergence every other day (or two).
Demand for radishes increases in October and remains stable until spring. Thus, growing radishes in winter can become a profitable business. Not all radish varieties are suitable for planting in winter.
The following are best suited for this:
- Verano;
- Silesia;
- Robineau;
- Varta;
- Sachs.
Planting time is January. Pay attention to temperature, lighting and watering.
- In winter, it is advisable to install a heating system. Radishes tolerate short-term frosts down to 4 degrees below zero. Seeds germinate at temperatures 2-4 degrees above zero. Do not be alarmed if shoots do not appear within two weeks: in winter, radishes germinate more slowly. After germination, it is recommended to maintain the temperature at 9-11 degrees Celsius.
- A prerequisite is the intensity of lighting. To do this, you can use additional light sources. Daylight hours should be at least 12 and no more than 18 hours.
- In cold weather, radishes in a polycarbonate greenhouse should be watered rarely, but moderately.
Growing radishes for sale in the winter looks economical if you calculate the costs of heating and lighting the greenhouse in advance. Polycarbonate sheets and a profile for a metal frame are designed to operate for 15 years, based on this the cost of materials is calculated. So, using simple mathematical calculations, you can plan everything, if, of course, you are interested in this direction in the field of entrepreneurial activity.
And now you can watch an interesting, but at the same time short video about growing radishes in a polycarbonate greenhouse:
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