Pension provision for family members of rescuers in the event of the loss of a breadwinner is carried out in accordance with the pension legislation of the Russian Federation.

13. Right to confer an honorary title:

A). Rescuers may be awarded the honorary title “Honored Rescuer of the Russian Federation.”

b). The awarding of the honorary title "Honored Rescuer of the Russian Federation" is carried out by the President of the Russian Federation on the proposal of the head of the federal executive body specially authorized to solve problems in the field of protecting the population and territories from emergencies, formed on the basis of petitions:

heads of federal executive authorities;
executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;
local government bodies;
organizations and public associations.

V). The regulations on the honorary title “Honored Rescuer of the Russian Federation” were approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1341 of December 30, 1995 (adopted for management and execution by Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation No. 63 of February 5, 1996)

The honorary title is awarded to highly professional workers of rescue services for their services in preventing and eliminating the consequences of accidents, catastrophes and natural disasters, developing and mastering new rescue equipment, educating and training personnel working in rescue services for 10 or more years in calendar terms.

Additional legal and social guarantees for rescuers

1. Professional rescuers of AS, ASF, serving organizations with harmful and dangerous working conditions are subject to guarantees of legal and social protection and benefits established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. By decision of the federal executive authorities, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local self-government bodies and administrations of organizations, additional guarantees of legal and social protection of workers of professional AAS, ASF, members of non-staff and public ASF, rescuers who are not included in the part of the ACC, ASF.

Guarantees of the rescuer's activities

1. State authorities, local self-government bodies and organizations are obliged to provide assistance to rescuers involved in emergency response work when they travel to participate in the said work and during their implementation, including providing transport and other necessary material means.

2. In the course of emergency response work, rescuers are subordinate only to the heads of the emergency response service and emergency rescue service, within which they carry out the specified work.

3. No one has the right to force rescuers to perform tasks and work that are not related to the responsibilities assigned to them by the employment agreement (contract).

Exclusive rights of the emergency response manager

Management of all forces and means involved in emergency response and organization of their interaction is carried out by emergency response managers.

The heads of emergency response systems and emergency response units, who arrived in emergency zones first, assume the powers of emergency response leaders and exercise them until the arrival of emergency response leaders determined by the legislation of the Russian Federation, emergency prevention and response plans or appointed by state authorities, local government bodies, heads of organizations, etc. powers that relate to the elimination of these emergencies.

Decisions of emergency response managers aimed at eliminating emergencies are mandatory for all citizens and organizations located in emergency zones, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

No one has the right to interfere with the activities of emergency response managers in managing emergency response efforts, except by removing them from their duties in the prescribed manner and taking over leadership or appointing another official.

The powers of the emergency response manager are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation, government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies, and management of organizations in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

^ In case of emergency, emergency response managers have the right to independently make decisions:

on carrying out evacuation measures;
on stopping the activities of organizations located in emergency zones;
on conducting ASR at the facilities and territories of organizations located in emergency zones;
on restricting access of people to emergency zones;
on the release of reserves of material resources for emergency response of organizations located in emergency zones;
on the use, in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, of communications, vehicles and other property of organizations located in emergency zones;
on the involvement of non-staff and public emergency response personnel in emergency response work, as well as rescuers who are not part of the specified formations, if they have documents confirming their certification to carry out emergency response;
on the involvement of the population on a voluntary basis in carrying out emergency work, as well as individual citizens who are not rescuers, with their consent, in carrying out emergency work;
on taking other necessary measures due to the development of emergency situations and the progress of work to eliminate them.

Emergency response managers are obliged to take all measures to immediately inform the relevant government authorities, local authorities, and management of organizations about the decisions they have made in case of emergency.

Emergency response managers, managers of the emergency response system, emergency response service have the right to complete and reliable information about emergency situations necessary for organizing work to eliminate them.

In the event of the technological impossibility of carrying out the entire volume of emergency response, emergency response managers can make decisions to suspend all or part of the emergency response, taking, as a matter of priority, all possible measures to save people in emergency zones.
Responsibilities of rescuers
Rescuers are obliged:

Be ready to participate in emergency response work, improve your physical, special, medical, and psychological preparation.
Improve skills in action as part of emergency rescue teams.
Strictly follow the ACP technology.
Actively search for victims, take measures to save them, provide them with first medical and other types of aid.
Strictly carry out orders given during the emergency response work by the heads of the emergency response service, emergency response service, in which rescuers take part in carrying out the specified work.
Explain to citizens the rules of safe behavior in order to prevent emergencies and the procedure for action in case of their occurrence.

The responsibilities of professional rescuers ASA, ASF are determined by the relevant charters, instructions and are an integral part of the employment agreement (contract).

Termination of work as a means of resolving a collective labor dispute in professional ASs and professional ASFs is not permitted.

a set of interrelated measures and actions of control bodies and forces aimed at ensuring the effective use of forces and means for various purposes in order to carry out rescue and other urgent work in full, in the shortest possible time, with minimal losses of population and material resources. O.u.l.Emergencies begin from the moment an emergency occurs and end after its elimination. It is carried out in daily cycles, each of which includes: collection of data about the situation; analysis and assessment of the situation; preparation of conclusions and proposals for decisions on carrying out work; making (clarifying) decisions and communicating tasks to performers; organization of interaction; ensuring the actions of forces and means.
O.u.l. Emergency situations are carried out in accordance with the Action Plan for the Prevention and Elimination of Emergency Situations, developed in advance at each level, which is adjusted with the occurrence of a specific emergency situation. On its basis, taking into account the specifics of the emergency situation that has arisen, the emergency response manager makes a decision to eliminate the emergency situation, carry out rescue and other urgent work.
When preparing a solution, planning of emergency rescue and other urgent work is carried out. It ends after a decision is made and tasks are assigned to the subordinate. The work plan is drawn up textually, with maps, diagrams, graphs and calculations attached. It is signed by the emergency response manager and approved by the senior manager. Extracts from the work plan are communicated to subordinates as they relate to them. To direct the actions of forces directly in the emergency area, operational groups are created, stationary and mobile control points (CP) are used, and a communication system is organized, the main element of which is a mobile communication center (MCC); To ensure effective operation of the control system, an automated control subsystem is being created based on a mobile information and control center (MIMC).
The composition and structure of the management system are determined by the scale of the emergency and the decision of the RSChS management bodies, which coordinate the work to eliminate the emergency. A headquarters or operational group is created under the head of the emergency response at any level. At the headquarters (operational group), as a rule, operational groups of the CoES of the appropriate level are created and operate. The management subsystem of an administrative district (city), in the event of an emergency on its territory, may include an operational group of the regional center for civil defense, emergency situations and disaster relief, and in special cases - operational groups of federal executive authorities and the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations. To manage the liquidation of a regional or global emergency, a management system is being created, which includes operational groups of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations and federal executive authorities. The management of all forces and means involved in the liquidation of emergency situations and the organization of their interaction are carried out by the managers appointed for this purpose in the liquidation of emergency situations. The decisions of emergency response managers are binding for all citizens and organizations located in the action areas, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation. The heads of emergency rescue services, emergency rescue units, who arrived in the action zones first, temporarily assume the powers of work managers determined by the legislation of the Russian Federation or appointed by local government bodies, heads of organizations before their arrival. The powers of the head of emergency response work are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation, government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies, and management of organizations in accordance with the law.

Introduction	........................................................................................
ChapterI	General provisions......................................................
	Rescuer status......................................................... ..........

	Peculiarities of conducting search and rescue operations during emergencies in air transport....................................................
	Features of conducting search and rescue operations in an epidemically unfavorable environment...
	Organization of communication during search and rescue operations.................................................... .............
LITERATURE.................................................................................

INTRODUCTION

Among the people of the most humane professions needed by society, regardless of its socio-political structure, rescuers deservedly occupy an honorable place - people who are always ready to help and prevent trouble.

The demand for this profession is explained not only by the statistics of the growth of various emergency situations, but also by the aura of heroism and dedication inherent in real rescuers.

The purpose of this manual is to assist the rescuer in organizing and conducting search and rescue operations.

Heads of organizations;

Emergency response leaders.

Citizens who are not rescuers, when involved in carrying out ASR, are subject to mandatory free personal insurance. They are subject to the rights, insurance guarantees and benefits provided by law for rescuers of non-staff and voluntary rescue teams.

Rescuers' rights

1. Rescuers involved in emergency response work have the right to an extraordinary purchase of tickets for all types of transport when traveling to the place where said work is carried out.

2. During emergency response work, rescuers have the right to:

Complete and reliable information necessary for them to perform their duties;

Unimpeded access to the territory and production facilities of organizations, to residential premises for emergency response work;

Requiring all persons located in emergency zones to comply with established safety measures;

Equipment and equipment in accordance with the technology of conducting ACP;

The use of communications, transport, property and other material assets of organizations located in emergency zones to save people and in cases of emergency in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

3. Rescuers who took part in emergency response work have the right to free medical and psychological rehabilitation at medical institutions and rehabilitation centers in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

4. Rescuers of professional emergency rescue services (ARS), professional and non-standard emergency rescue units (ARF) have the right to improve their theoretical knowledge and professional skills during working hours in the prescribed manner.

5. Rescuers of professional AS, ASF have the right to be provided with food while on duty with the payment of expenses from the funds allocated for the maintenance of ARS, ASF.

6. Rescuers of professional AS, ASF, injured during the performance of duties assigned to them by an employment agreement (contract), as well as other rescuers injured during emergency response work, have the right to free medical care and payments in the amount of the average monthly salary at the main place of work.

7. Rescuers have the right to preferential pensions in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation:

Law of the RSFSR "On State Pensions in the RSFSR", Article 12, paragraph "l" - "...men and women - upon reaching 40 years of age, if they constantly worked as rescuers in professional AS, ASF (according to the list of positions and specialties approved by the Government of the Russian Federation) at least 15 years and participated in emergency response";

Article 782 (Conditions determining the right to a pension for length of service in connection with work in professional AS, ASF) - “A pension in connection with work as a rescuer in professional AS, ASF (according to the list of positions and specialties approved by the Government of the Russian Federation) can be established regardless of age with at least 15 years of service."

8. The right to rest (work and rest hours for rescuers).

In daily activities, the mode of work (service) of professional rescuers of AS, ASF is determined by the internal labor regulations, duty schedules, schedules of classes or other events according to a special program.

The duty time of professional rescuers AS, ASF at home in standby mode is taken into account in the amount of one-fourth of an hour for each hour of duty.

When carrying out emergency response work, the working hours and working hours of rescuers can be changed and are established by emergency response managers, taking into account the nature of the emergency, the specifics of the response work and medical recommendations.

Professional rescuers ASA, ASF are annually provided regular leave of absence: those with continuous work experience as rescuers up to 10 years - 30 days, more than 10 years - 35 days, more than 15 years - 40 days.

Professional rescuers AS, ASF for participation in emergency response work are provided with additional paid leave of duration no more than 15 days at the rate of one day of vacation for 24 hours of work.

Rescuers of non-staff and voluntary ASF, as well as rescuers who are not part of the ASF, may receive monetary compensation in exchange for additional leave in the amount and in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Remuneration for the work of professional rescuers ASA, ASF is made in accordance with the employment agreement (contract);

Salary of rescuers of professional ACC, ASF organizations can't be lower the amount of wages of employees of leading working specialties of these organizations.

10. Right to housing:

A). Rescuers professional ACC, ASF of federal executive authorities, executive authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local self-government bodies and family members living with them, living quarters in accordance with the standards provided for by the housing legislation of the Russian Federation, at the expense of state, municipal or departmental housing funds, respectively, accessories of these services and formations are provided as a matter of priority.

At the request of rescuers, if they do not have residential premises for permanent residence or need to improve their living conditions, they may be issued for the construction (purchase) of apartments or individual residential buildings based on the standards provided for by housing legislation:

- interest-free cash loans- with a total continuous work experience as rescuers in the specified services and formations for more than 5 years;

- in the amount of 75% of the cost of these apartments or individual residential buildings - with a total continuous work experience in professional AS, ASF for more than 15 years, of which at least 10 years in positions of rescuers;

- free financial assistance in the amount of 100% of the cost of these apartments or individual residential buildings - with a total continuous work experience in professional AS, ASF of 25 years, of which at least 20 years in positions of rescuers.

The issuance of an interest-free cash loan or the provision of gratuitous financial assistance for the construction (purchase) of apartments or individual residential buildings is carried out at the expense of funds for the maintenance of the ASA, ASF.

The procedure for providing rescuers with residential premises, interest-free cash loans, and gratuitous financial assistance for the construction (purchase) of apartments or individual residential buildings is determined by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

b). The conditions for the provision of residential premises to rescuers of professional AS, ASF organizations are determined by the employment agreement (contract).

V). Families of those who died (died) while performing their official duties as rescuers of professional AS, ASF, as well as families of rescuers involved in emergency response work and who died (died) during the said work, who needed housing (improved living conditions), retain the right to receive it (improvement of living conditions). Living quarters are provided to these families no later than 6 months from the day of death of the rescuers.

G). Rescuers of professional ACC, ASF have the right to install apartment telephones as a matter of priority.

11. Right to insurance guarantees:

Rescuers are subject to compulsory free personal insurance (in an amount of at least 200 times the minimum wage (minimum wage) established by the legislation of the Russian Federation) when they are appointed to the positions of rescuers in professional ACC, ASF, as well as in the case of engagement individually or as part of non-staff or public emergency response systems for emergency response work.

Insured events for rescuers are:

for professional ACC, ASF

for rescuers involved in emergency response work individually or as part of emergency or

public ASF

1. destruction (death) when they perform the duties assigned to them by the employment agreement (contract) - *;

2. death resulting from injury (wounds, trauma, concussion) or illness received during and in connection with *;

3. loss of ability to work resulting from *.

1. death (death) in progress of emergency response work - **;

2. death resulting from injury (wounds, trauma, concussion) or illness received in **;

3. loss of ability to work resulting from their participation in **.

Rescuers are insured by:

professional ACC, ASF

rescuers involved in

carrying out emergency response work individually or as part of emergency or

public ASF

federal executive authorities, executive authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local self-government bodies, organizations creating professional ASSAs, ASFs at the expense of financial resources allocated for the maintenance of these ASAs, ASFs

federal executive authorities, executive authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies, organizations, emergency response managers who attracted rescuers to participate in the above work at the expense of financial resources allocated for emergency response

Payments of amounts for compulsory free personal insurance of rescuers in the event of the occurrence of these insurance events are made regardless of payments for social insurance, social security in the order of compensation for harm to health.

The amounts of funds spent on insuring professional rescuers of AS, ASF are included in the cost of work performed by the specified ARS, ASF or in the cost of products (services) produced (rendered) by the organizations that created them.

One-time benefit for family members

in case of death of rescuers:

professional ACC, ASF

involved in emergency response work individually or as part of non-staff or public emergency response units

occurred during *, or in the event of death occurring before the expiration of 1 year from the date of dismissal from the ACC, ASF, due to injury (wound, trauma, concussion) or illness received during and in connection with *, members of their families are paid a one-time benefit in the amount of 120 monthly salaries

occurred during **, or in the event of their death occurring before the expiration of 1 year from the date of termination of their participation in **, due to injury (wound, trauma, concussion) or illness received during the period and in connection with participation in **, members their families are paid a one-time benefit in the amount of 1000 times the minimum wage established on the day of death of the rescuers by the legislation of the Russian Federation

One-time allowance to rescuers:

In the event that rescuers receive professional ASA, ASF in case of *, injury (wounds, injuries, concussion), illness that excludes them from further work as rescuers, they are paid a one-time allowance in the amount of 60 monthly salaries.

those involved in emergency response work individually or as part of non-staff or public emergency response units, in the event of injury (wounds, injuries, concussions), illnesses occurring during ** and excluding them from the possibility of further work as a rescuer, are paid a lump sum a benefit in the amount of 50 times the minimum wage established on the day of injury (wound, trauma, concussion), illness by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

All expenses associated with preparation for the transportation of bodies, transportation of bodies, burial of rescuers who died during (*)(**), or who died as a result of injury

Additional legal and social guarantees for rescuers

Guarantees of the rescuer's activities

2. In the course of emergency response work, rescuers are subordinate only to the heads of the emergency response service and emergency rescue service, within which they carry out the specified work.

3. No one has the right to force rescuers to perform tasks and work that are not related to the responsibilities assigned to them by the employment agreement (contract).

Exclusive rights of the emergency response manager

Management of all forces and means involved in emergency response and organization of their interaction is carried out by emergency response managers.

Decisions of emergency response managers aimed at eliminating emergencies are mandatory for all citizens and organizations located in emergency zones, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

No one has the right to interfere with the activities of emergency response managers in managing emergency response efforts, except by removing them from their duties in the prescribed manner and taking over leadership or appointing another official.

In case of emergency, emergency response managers have the right to independently make decisions:

On carrying out evacuation measures;

On stopping the activities of organizations located in emergency zones;

On conducting ASR at the facilities and territories of organizations located in emergency zones;

On restricting access of people to emergency zones;

On the release of reserves of material resources for emergency response of organizations located in emergency zones;

On the use, in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, of communications, vehicles and other property of organizations located in emergency zones;

On the involvement of non-staff and public emergency response personnel in emergency response work, as well as rescuers who are not part of the specified formations, if they have documents confirming their certification to carry out emergency response;

On the involvement of the population on a voluntary basis in carrying out emergency work, as well as individual citizens who are not rescuers, with their consent, in carrying out emergency work;

On taking other necessary measures due to the development of emergency situations and the progress of work to eliminate them.

Responsibilities of rescuers

Rescuers are obliged:

1. Be ready to participate in emergency response work, improve your physical, special, medical, and psychological preparation.

2. Improve skills in action as part of emergency rescue teams.

3. Strictly follow the technology of conducting ACP.

4. Actively search for victims, take measures to rescue them, provide them with first medical and other types of aid.

5. Strictly carry out orders given during the emergency response work by the heads of the emergency response system, emergency rescue service, in which rescuers take part in carrying out the specified work.

6. Explain to citizens the rules of safe behavior in order to prevent emergencies and the procedure for action in case of their occurrence.

The responsibilities of professional rescuers ASA, ASF are determined by the relevant charters, instructions and are an integral part of the employment agreement (contract).

Termination of work as a means of resolving a collective labor dispute in professional ASs and professional ASFs is not permitted.

Responsibilities of emergency services and rescuers

Professional ASs, professional ASFs serving organizations under contracts bear financial liability for damage caused to these organizations in the following cases:

Incorrect actions during emergency response work;

Suspension, in whole or in part, of the activities of organizations in the event that the training and condition of professional AS, ASF, created by these organizations or serving them under contracts, do not meet the requirements established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. The procedure for suspending the activities of these organizations is established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. The amount of damage and the procedure for compensation are determined in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Rescuers guilty of failure to fulfill the duties assigned to them by an employment agreement (contract), intentionally causing harm to the health of rescued citizens during emergency response work, causing damage to the natural environment, material and cultural values, bear disciplinary, administrative, civil or criminal liability. in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

1.2 MAIN TASKS, ORGANIZATIONAL

SEARCH AND RESCUE STRUCTURE

SERVICES OF THE EMERCOM OF RUSSIA

The Search and Rescue Service (SRS) of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations is designed to organize and conduct search and rescue operations in emergencies of a natural and man-made nature.

The main tasks of the PSS EMERCOM of Russia are:

In the event of a threat or occurrence of an emergency, the head of the civil defense (chairman of the emergency commission) makes a decision in accordance with the current situation and clarifies issues of interaction.

If necessary, interacting control bodies can send operational groups (representatives) to each other and exchange the necessary documents to control the actions of the involved forces.

The action (interaction) plan is an integral part of the main action plan for the prevention and elimination of emergencies. It is usually developed on a map (diagram) with an explanatory note and the necessary calculations, graphs, tables and reference data attached to it. It can also be developed textually. The plan reflects: the main tasks performed by the RSChS forces and interacting forces; location of the most important potentially hazardous facilities, areas of possible natural disasters; characteristics of potentially dangerous objects; routes for transporting dangerous goods by various modes of transport; composition and grouping of RSChS forces and other forces involved to eliminate possible emergencies, their deployment, readiness dates, assignment to objects and territories; tasks of command and control bodies, subordinate and interacting forces, the procedure for bringing them to readiness, routes for movement to the emergency area, type of transport, arrival times; organization of traffic control service and security of objects; organization of control, warning, exchange of mutual information and comprehensive support for force actions; the procedure for interaction with the governing bodies of neighboring constituent entities of the Russian Federation, regional centers, military districts (fleets) and other issues determined by the specifics of the region (subject of the Russian Federation and other territorial entities).

Plans are coordinated with interacting management bodies, signed by the relevant bosses who organize their development, and approved by the heads of higher management bodies.

Based on action plans (interaction), civil defense chiefs (chairmen of emergency commissions), heads of civil defense management bodies, functional subsystems (civil defense services) and other management personnel develop a plan - schedules of their actions with hourly calculation of time, as well as the necessary documents on the organization of management and interactions, in relation to local conditions and predicted data of a possible emergency.

Interaction in the ACC, ASF is organized between regular units performing a common task, as well as between them and local (object, territorial) formations, if they exist in the area (objects) of the ASDNR.

The interaction is organized personally by the head of the PSS by issuing appropriate instructions when setting tasks.

Subsequently, interaction is clarified directly at the work sites, taking into account their progress and the prevailing situation.

Interaction is organized according to tasks, place of action, methods of their implementation and time in order to achieve a common understanding by all superiors (commanders) of the assigned task, the order and methods of its implementation.

Interaction is organized primarily in the interests of units performing the main task - rescuing the injured and localizing the source of damage.

In this case, the following are usually agreed upon: the procedure for commissioning work on the site (facilities); organizing the elimination or reduction to the minimum possible level of factors that impede rescue operations; the procedure for the actions of rescuers, engineering and other special units when conducting rescue operations in difficult conditions; the procedure for interaction with local (facility) units and specialists when eliminating damage to utility and energy networks; procedure for changing; procedure for action in the event of a sudden change in the situation or the emergence of an immediate danger to the lives of rescuers; procedure for communication and information; locations of control points.

The territorial structures of the RSChS subsystems that interact and ensure search and rescue operations by the PSS forces may have a different structure. All issues of interaction and provision of rescue operations are resolved by the emergency commission. A variant of the structure of the territorial subsystem of the RSChS of the Novosibirsk region is shown in Fig. 1.2.

At the local level, the main types of support (reconnaissance, chemical and biological protection, engineering support, fire safety and hydrometeorological support) are organized and planned by the working body of the emergency commission based on the decision of the chairman of the CoES to eliminate the emergency. Tasks for the implementation of the adopted decision are assigned to the relevant heads of city and district services and are under the control of the CoES. The head of the emergency response - the chairman of the CoES - is responsible for the completeness of the measures organized and taken to ensure the successful solution of the problem by the search and rescue service (detachment).

Rice. 1.2 Territorial subsystem of the RSChS (control bodies and forces) of the Novosibirsk region,

ensuring emergency rescue operations

Chapter II

DISASTER RESPONSE AND ORGANIZATION

SEARCH AND RESCUE WORKS

2.1 RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE LEADER OF THE EXPEDITIONAL RESCUE GROUP DURING PREPARATION

AND DEPLOYMENT TO THE EMERGENCY AREA

The most appropriate may be the following procedure for the work of the head of the PSS (PSO) with the receipt of the task of moving to the emergency area and conducting ASDNR: clarification of the task; informing subordinates about the assigned task and situation; timing; issuing orders to alert, move to the emergency area, and organize reconnaissance; conducting reconnaissance of the area (site, facilities) of upcoming work and establishing communication and interaction with the Head of Emergency Response and the operational group of the emergency commission, to which the service (detachment) comes under operational subordination; assessment of the situation; decision-making; setting tasks for departments and organizing interaction between them; organizing the entry of units into work areas (objects); organization of management and comprehensive support for the actions of units; work management.

In clarifying the task, the chief must understand the purpose of the upcoming actions, the task of the service (detachment, unit), their place and role in fulfilling the task of eliminating emergency situations; to whom the service (detachment, unit) comes under operational subordination, with whom to interact when performing the task, the period of readiness for the task.

Time calculation is carried out by the management group in order to determine the optimal order of work for organizing actions and concentrating forces to complete the task. The basis for the calculation is the period of readiness for completing the task indicated by the senior commander, the time of receipt of the task, the time required to alert and move to the emergency area.

The order for alerting and moving to the emergency area specifies: data on the situation and the upcoming task; route of movement, area of concentration, time of start of movement and concentration in the specified area; time of readiness to start ASR; organization of support; order of communication and information.

In the instructions for organizing reconnaissance, the chief determines: the goals and objectives of reconnaissance; what data needs to be obtained and by what time; on which objects (areas) to concentrate the main reconnaissance efforts.

Bringing the service (detachment, unit) into readiness and organizing the movement are carried out in accordance with a pre-developed action plan in the event of an emergency, with its clarification based on the assigned task and the conditions for its implementation.

To conduct reconnaissance, the control group, taking into account the instructions of the chief, creates a reconnaissance group, which, taking into account the nature of the emergency and the situation, in addition to the chief, includes the necessary service chiefs and commanders of the main units.

During the reconnaissance, the chief clarifies the situation and task with the Head of Emergency Response (the senior officer of the operational group of the emergency commission organizing the response to emergencies). Study: areas (objects) of work and ways of approaching them; the nature of destruction, rubble, fires; presence, nature, scale and boundaries of infection, flooding; the state of the population, the availability of local materials necessary for conducting ASDNR; condition of utility networks and terrain in the area of work; places convenient for the deployment of control points, a medical center, an area for the deployment of support units, a location for the deployment of a point for neutralizing equipment and sanitary treatment of personnel.

Assessing the situation includes: assessing the source of damage, the condition and capabilities of their units; local forces and logistics that will contribute to the accomplishment of the task; time of year, day, weather conditions and terrain.

When assessing the source of damage, the following are analyzed: the nature and scale of the main damaging factors, the condition of the objects and the territory where the work will be carried out; the state of the population, the presence and nature of factors impeding the work; type and volumes of ASDNR.

When assessing the condition and capabilities of their units, the following are analyzed: composition, equipment and tools, provision of material and technical means, readiness for action; capabilities of the control system, taking into account the nature of the upcoming work.

When assessing local capabilities, the following are analyzed: with which local authorities it is necessary to organize interaction and on what issues; availability of local materials necessary for conducting ASDNR, the possibility of their use.

When assessing the time of year, day and weather conditions, their possible impact on the completion of the task is analyzed.

For each element of the situation assessment, conclusions are drawn and calculations are made, which ultimately form the basis of the decision.

The main conclusions when assessing the condition of the lesion may be: the nature and volume of upcoming ASDNR; the nature and extent of harmful and dangerous factors that impede the performance of work, what must be done to eliminate them or reduce them to the minimum possible level; the main most appropriate ways to conduct ASDNR; the nature and required amount of manpower and resources to perform the upcoming work; directions (areas, objects) of concentration of main efforts; order and shifts during work; reconnaissance tasks to clarify the situation; safety measures and protection of units during work; what additional steps need to be taken to prepare units for action; areas (locations) of deployment of support units and control points based on the nature of the situation.

Baltic State Academy of Fishing Fleet

Department of "Protection in Emergency Situations"

Discipline:

Organization and conduct of emergency rescue operations

COURSE PROJECT

on the topic of:

Development of a draft decision by the emergency response manager

Option 10

Completed by: Vasilyuk E.V.

Study group: ZChS-5

Checked by: Reznichenko A.I.

Kaliningrad 2010

Introduction

3. Action plan

Annex 1

Appendix 2

Conclusion

List of sources used

Introduction

The number of natural and man-made emergencies does not decrease from year to year, and they continue to cause loss of life, great material damage and damage to the natural environment.

The level of organization of emergency rescue and other urgent work during the liquidation of emergencies and their consequences is largely determined by the clear work of the head of civil defense and emergency situations of the facility, the chairman of the emergency commission.

The procedure for organizing work, its types, volume, methods and methods of implementation depend on the situation that developed after the accident, the degree of damage or destruction of buildings and structures, technological equipment and units, the nature of damage to utility networks and fires, features of the development of the territory of the facility, residential sector and other conditions.

Success in fulfilling the assigned tasks is achieved by continuous and firm management, making the optimal decision, maintaining stable interaction and comprehensive support for the actions of units (formations), and also depends on the level of preparedness and equipment of the forces and the reliability and degree of modernization of the means of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia intended for carrying out emergency operations. rescue and emergency work.

1. Brief conclusions from the assessment of the situation

From operational data it is known that at 22.05 on November 20, 2010, due to a violation of safety measures during work at the technical site of the enterprise, a hexogen explosion occurred. As a result of the explosion, the woodworking shop, sawmill and assembly shop were significantly damaged. The estimated number of people injured under the rubble is 140 people. Also, as a result of the destruction of buildings, debris formed on the roads on the territory of the enterprise. The fires that have arisen are extinguished by fire units of the Federal Fire Service in the Kaliningrad Region.

It is necessary to search and rescue victims from under the rubble of the destroyed workshops of the enterprise.

Weather conditions on the day of the emergency:

Cloudy, light rain

Temperature + 6°C,

Humidity 90%,

Wind northeast 3 m/s.

The radiation, chemical and biological situation in the emergency zone is within normal limits.

To eliminate the emergency, it is necessary to attract the forces and resources of the Kaliningrad region intended for the work.

2. Calculation of forces and means for dismantling the rubble

Upon receipt of information about the current situation in the emergency zone, it is necessary to calculate the required forces and means to dismantle the rubble and rescue the victims.

The number and characteristics of destroyed buildings and workshops are known from operational data.

Table 1

Characteristics of destroyed buildings

We will calculate the necessary forces and means to dismantle the resulting rubble. Since the number of people in the rubble is known, the volume of the rubble for extracting victims can be determined by the formula:

where Vzav is the volume of the rubble that needs to be dismantled to extract victims, m3;

1.25 – coefficient taking into account the increase in the volume of the debris being cleared;

Nzav – number of people in the rubble, people;

hzav – height of the dam, m.

The height of the blockage during operational forecasting can be determined by the formula:

where H is the height of the building, m;

g – volume of debris per 100 m3 of building volume:

for industrial buildings g = 20 m3,

for residential buildings g = 40 m3;

k – indicator taken equal to:

for an explosion outside the building k = 2,

for an explosion inside a building k = 2.5.

Let's calculate the height of the resulting blockage during destruction:

1) woodworking workshop

2) sawmills

1) woodworking workshop

2) sawmills

3) assembly shop

It is most advisable to dismantle the rubble by mechanized rescue teams in cooperation with manual dismantling units.

The number of mechanized rescue groups is determined by the formula:

where Psmg – the productivity of one mechanized group for dismantling the rubble is taken equal to 15 m3 / h;

T – total time for performing rescue operations, h;

The total number of manually disassembled rescue links will be:

where n is the number of shifts per day when performing rescue operations;

k is a coefficient that takes into account the relationship between mechanized groups and manual dismantling units, depending on the structure of the blockage.

table 2

k coefficient values

Let us determine the number of mechanized rescue groups and manual dismantling units, as well as the number of their personnel necessary to dismantle the rubble and rescue victims from under the destruction:

4) woodworking workshops

2) sawmills

3) assembly shop

person

It is advisable to dismantle the rubble of a woodworking shop and sawmill only manually, therefore the required number of manual disassembly links is determined by the formula:

where Prz – the productivity of one manual disassembly unit is taken equal to 1.2 m3 / h;

n – number of shifts per day when performing rescue operations.

Let us determine the number of manual disassembly units and the number of their personnel:

1) woodworking workshop

2) sawmills

To carry out work to rescue the victims, it is necessary to create 1 mechanized group, 9 manual dismantling units, as well as a reconnaissance unit, for which it is necessary to involve 89 people from among the emergency response forces in the Kaliningrad region and the remaining forces of the enterprise.

3. Action plan

To eliminate emergencies, a group of emergency response forces of the RSChS is introduced into the emergency zone - these are the forces and means of the RSChS, brought together in a certain system and located accordingly, designed to perform tasks to protect the population and territories from emergencies of a natural and man-made nature.

The involvement of forces and means of emergency response during the ASDNR should be carried out in two echelons with the involvement of a reserve. The composition of the forces and means of the first echelon includes forces and means of constant readiness:

– duty shifts of the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia

– duty shifts of the search and rescue service of the Municipal Institution “Department for Civil Defense and Emergency Situations of Kaliningrad”;

Combat crews of Kaliningrad fire departments;

Ambulance teams on duty in Kaliningrad;

The second echelon forces include forces and means with readiness up to 3 hours:

– formation of a search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia;

– search and rescue service of the Municipal Institution “Department for Civil Defense and Emergency Affairs of the City of Kaliningrad.”

The main task of the second echelon is to carry out emergency rescue operations in order to search for and release victims, assist them and evacuate them to safe areas, as well as prevent further destruction and losses caused by secondary damaging factors.

Build up the grouping of RSChS forces and assets in the emergency area as soon as they are ready.

In the emergency zone, have part of the forces and means (formation) of the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia as a reserve intended to solve unexpected problems.

The priority rescue actions in case of accidents and explosions are to identify the search, release and rescue of victims trapped in destroyed and damaged buildings and structures. The search for victims should be carried out using a continuous visual examination.

Immediately before dismantling the rubble, carry out the following activities:

1. arrange driveways and passages to accident sites, damaged and destroyed buildings, prepare sites for the operation of mechanization equipment;

2. identify buildings and structures and their individual structures that create a serious danger for the people remaining in these buildings and for the saviors themselves;

3. organize a cordon and restrict the access of strangers to the area where emergency rescue operations are being carried out.

Work on clearing the rubble should begin simultaneously in all areas immediately after the elimination of fires and accidents on utility and energy networks. When starting work, you must be extremely careful not to cause additional collapses or complicate subsequent work. The commanders of the formations, while at the work sites (objects), determine the methods of extracting the injured from the rubble (unblocking), the procedure for carrying out rescue operations, and transporting the injured to medical stations. The work is carried out by crews who operate in three shifts, continuously replacing each other.

4. Tasks for subordinate units to carry out rescue and other urgent work in the emergency zone

To directly manage emergency rescue and other urgent work at each site or work site, appoint appropriate managers (in accordance with Appendices 1 and 2). They set specific tasks for assigned formations, organize meals, shifts and rest for personnel. The leader reminds formation commanders of the basic techniques and methods of performing work, determines measures for medical and logistical support, and the start and end dates of work.

From among the involved forces and means, create mechanized rescue groups and manual dismantling units (composition of forces and means according to Appendices 1 and 2) and assign work areas for them:

1) a mechanized rescue group to carry out work in the rubble of the destroyed assembly shop. Appoint the group commander as the senior leader in this area of work.

2) units No. 1–4 carry out work in the rubble of the destroyed woodworking shop (the senior officer at the site is the commander of the 1st unit);

3) units No. 5–7 carry out work in the rubble of the destroyed assembly shop (the senior officer at the site is the commander of the mechanized rescue group).

4) units No. 8 and No. 9 carry out work in the rubble of the destroyed sawmill (the senior officer at the site is the commander of unit No. 9).

The commander of the mechanized rescue group and the commanders of manual dismantling units at work sites must solve the following tasks:

1. prepare sites and workplaces for the operation of mechanization equipment;

2. carry out unblocking and rescue of victims located on the surface of the rubble;

3. search for victims using a continuous visual examination and canine methods;

4. carry out unblocking and rescue of victims from the rubble, and evacuate them to safe places.

To successfully conduct ASDNR in an emergency zone, before the immediate start of search and rescue operations at work sites, solve the following tasks:

Clear passages and entrances to work areas,

Prepare sites and workplaces for the operation of mechanization equipment,

Organize workplace lighting.

When carrying out emergency rescue operations, you should observe safety measures and remember that being among destroyed damaged buildings and structures is associated with increased danger, which requires careful engineering reconnaissance and a comprehensive assessment of the situation before starting rescue operations.

Unstable structures of damaged buildings are strengthened or collapsed.

Various machines used to clear debris are usually placed on sites cleared of collapsed building structures.

When dismantling the rubble above the victims, it is necessary to strictly observe safety measures, preventing spontaneous movement of individual elements and settlement of the entire mass of the rubble.

5. Interaction between involved search and rescue units

An important condition for the successful management of activities carried out by the RSChS is the organization of interaction between superior, subordinate, interacting and other management bodies involved in emergency response. Interaction is organized according to goals, objectives, place, time and methods of action, and consists of coordinating the actions of subordinate formations at work sites.

When organizing interaction, the emergency response manager must agree on:

· the procedure for advancing to the work site, actions when overcoming rubble, fire zones and other obstacles that may be encountered on the approach to the accident site or in the emergency zone;

· the procedure for searching for victims and rescue operations, providing assistance to victims;

· organization of communication and procedure for transmitting information;

· control signals, alerts and procedures for responding to them.

Organize interaction in the emergency zone:

o between senior work sites;

o at work sites between the commanders of mechanized rescue teams and the commanders of manual disassembly units.

Interacting management bodies, solving joint problems, must maintain continuous communication with each other and carry out mutual exchange of information and coordinate management issues.

6. Comprehensive support for the actions of the formations

Comprehensive support for the actions of the formations includes reconnaissance, medical, material and technical support. Comprehensive support during ASDNR on the territory of the enterprise is organized by the emergency response manager.

Reconnaissance is the most important type of support and is organized with the aim of timely obtaining data on the situation necessary for making an informed decision and successfully carrying out rescue and other urgent work. The organization of reconnaissance is entrusted to the full-time head of the canine service of the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia.

The purpose of medical support is to provide timely assistance to injured rescuers and preserve the health and performance of personnel involved in conducting ASDNR. It includes a set of therapeutic, preventive, sanitary, hygienic and anti-epidemiological measures that are carried out at all stages of rescue operations. The organization of medical support is entrusted to the full-time doctor of the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. Set up a medical center in the work area.

Material support consists of the timely supply of formations and other units with equipment, property, and consumables necessary for the execution of work.

Material support solves the problem of manning and equipping emergency response workers with equipment and property, providing vehicles and equipment with fuel and lubricants, providing food, special clothing and transport for delivery to work sites and back. The organization of material support is entrusted to the full-time deputy head of the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for material support.

The main purpose of technical support is to maintain equipment in good condition and constant readiness for use in adverse conditions: dust, smoke and, as a rule, around the clock. The task of technical support is assigned to the full-time deputy head of the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for engineering and technical support.

If it is necessary to organize other types of support, send the appropriate application to the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Kaliningrad Region.

Draft decision of the emergency response manager

1. Brief conclusions from the assessment of the situation.

At 22.05 on November 20, 2010, due to a violation of safety measures during work at the technical site of the enterprise, a hexogen explosion occurred. As a result of the explosion, the woodworking shop, sawmill and assembly shop were significantly damaged. The estimated number of people injured under the rubble is 140 people. Also, as a result of the destruction of buildings, debris formed on the roads on the territory of the enterprise. The fires that have arisen are extinguished by fire units of the Federal Fire Service in the Kaliningrad Region. The weather conditions for conducting ASDNR are favorable.

2. To carry out emergency rescue operations in the emergency zone, create a group of forces and means arriving in two echelons with the allocation of a reserve:

1) composition of forces and means of the first echelon:

Duty shifts of the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia

Duty shifts of the search and rescue service of the Municipal Institution “Department for Civil Defense and Emergency Situations of Kaliningrad”;

The remaining forces and means of the enterprise.

2) composition of the second echelon forces:

Formation of a search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia;

Search and Rescue Service of the Municipal Institution “Department for Civil Defense and Emergency Affairs of the City of Kaliningrad”.

3) reserve:

divisions of the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia.

Interacting forces: combat crews of Kaliningrad fire departments, Kaliningrad ambulance brigades, public order units of the Kaliningrad Regional Internal Affairs Directorate, emergency teams of MUP Vodokanal, FSUE Kaliningradgasification, OJSC Yantarenergo.

3. Define tasks

1) the reconnaissance unit to conduct reconnaissance of the emergency zone, determine the nature of the destruction, determine and mark the boundaries of the work area.

2) a mechanized rescue group to carry out work to dismantle large fractions of the rubble of the destroyed assembly shop. Appoint the group commander as the senior leader in this area of work.

3) conduct a search, release and evacuate victims to safe areas:

Units No. 1–4 carry out work in the rubble of the destroyed woodworking shop (the senior officer at the site is the commander of the 1st unit);

Units No. 5–7 carry out work in the rubble of the destroyed assembly shop (the senior officer at the site is the commander of the mechanized rescue group).

Units No. 8 and No. 9 carry out work in the rubble of the destroyed sawmill (the senior officer at the site is the commander of unit No. 9).

Organize work in shifts:

rescue mechanized group - 2 shifts;

manual disassembly units - in 3 shifts.

4. Organize interaction:

Between senior work sites;

At work sites between the commanders of mechanized rescue teams and the commanders of manual disassembly units.

5. The organization of reconnaissance is entrusted to the full-time head of the canine service of the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia.

The organization of medical support is entrusted to the full-time doctor of the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. Set up a medical center in the work area.

The organization of material support is entrusted to the full-time deputy head of the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for material support. The organization of technical support shall be entrusted to the full-time deputy head of the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for engineering and technical support. If it is necessary to organize other types of support, send the appropriate application to the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Kaliningrad Region.

Conclusion

The emergency response manager plays a key role in solving the problem of eliminating the current emergency, as he makes the appropriate decision and organizes its implementation.

The decision to eliminate an emergency is the basis of management and reflects the order and methods of performing assigned tasks determined by the work manager.

The decision must be fully justified and correspond to the conditions of the current situation and the capabilities of the forces and means involved. Therefore, a well-made decision and skillful management of the progress of its implementation will ensure the effective implementation of tasks to search and rescue victims in the rubble, restore utility networks, and also create the prerequisites for the speedy restoration of disrupted production at the enterprise.

1. Federal Law of December 21, 1994 No. 68 – Federal Law “On the protection of the population and territory from natural and man-made emergencies”

2. Federal Law of August 22, 1995 No. 151 – Federal Law “On emergency rescue services and the status of rescuers”

3. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 30, 2003. No. 794 “On the unified state system for the prevention and liquidation of emergency situations”

4. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated August 3, 1996. No. 924 “On the forces and means of the unified state system for the prevention and liquidation of emergency situations”

5. Law of the Kaliningrad region of December 19, 1997. No. 46 “On the protection of the population and territory of the Kaliningrad region from natural and man-made emergencies”

6. Guide to the actions of control bodies and forces of the RSChS in the event of a threat and emergency situations, M. 1996

Annex 1

To conduct ASDNR in the emergency zone, create 1 mechanized rescue group consisting of:

Strengths:

Group commander (1 person) drawn from the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia;

Crane operators (2 people) drawn from the remaining forces of the enterprise;

Slingers (4 people) drawn from the remaining forces of the enterprise;

Excavator operators (2 people) recruited from the remaining forces of the enterprise;

Compressor operators (2 people) recruited from the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia;

Gas welders (2 people) recruited from the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia;

Bulldozer drivers (2 people) drawn from the remaining forces of the enterprise;

Drivers (4 people) drawn from the remaining forces of the enterprise;

Loaders (6 people) drawn from the remaining forces of the enterprise.

Facilities:

Truck crane (1 pc.) attracted from the remaining funds of the enterprise;

Excavator (1 pc.) attracted from the remaining funds of the enterprise;

The compressor station is attracted from the search and rescue team of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations for the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations;

Kerosene cutter recruited from the search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia;

Bulldozer (1 pc.) attracted from the remaining funds of the enterprise;

Dump trucks (2 pcs.) attracted from the remaining funds of the enterprise.

A mechanized group carries out work in the rubble of a destroyed assembly shop. Appoint the group commander as the senior leader in this area of work.

Appendix 2

To carry out RPS in the emergency zone, create 9 manual disassembly units (according to Table 1).

Table 1

Composition and equipment of manual disassembly links

Link	Compound	Qty	Affiliation	Facilities
	Flight commander			SPRUT fire extinguisher – 1 set, electric saws – 1 pc., cutting machines – 1 pc., winches – 1 pc.
Rescue Scout
Rescuer
	Flight commander		Search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia
Rescue Scout
Rescuer
	Flight commander		Search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia
Rescue Scout
Rescuer
	Flight commander		Search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia
Rescue Scout
Rescuer
	Flight commander		Search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia	Extinguisher “SPRUT” – 1 set, electric saws – 1 pc., cutting machines – 1 pc., winch – 1 pc.
Rescue Scout
Rescuer
	Flight commander		Search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia	SASI “SPRUT” – 1 set, electric saws – 1 pc., cutting machines – 1 pc., “Peleng-1” – 1 pc.
Rescue Scout
Rescuer
	Flight commander		Search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for the Kaliningrad region - a branch of the North-Western regional search and rescue team of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia	Extinguisher "SPRUT" - 1 set, chainsaws - 1 pc., cutting machines - 1 pc., "Peleng-1" - 1 pc.
Rescue Scout
Rescuer
	Flight commander			SPRUT fire extinguisher – 1 set, chainsaws – 1 pc., cutting machines – 1 pc., electric scissors – 1 pc.
Rescue Scout
Rescuer
	Flight commander		Search and rescue service of the Municipal Institution “Office for Civil Defense and Emergency Situations of Kaliningrad”	Extinguisher “SPRUT” – 1 set, chainsaws – 1 pc., cutting machines – 1 pc., winch – 1 pc.
Rescue Scout
Rescuer

Emergency response management consists of directing the RSChS forces during emergency rescue and other emergency operations. The main goal of the department is to ensure the effective use of forces and means for various purposes, as a result of which work in emergency zones must be completed in full, in the shortest possible time, with minimal losses of population and material resources.

Work management begins from the moment an emergency occurs and ends after its elimination. It is carried out, as a rule, according to daily cycles, each of which includes:

collection of data on the situation, analysis and assessment of the situation;

preparation of conclusions and proposals for decisions on carrying out work;

making (clarifying) decisions and communicating tasks to performers;

organization of interaction;

ensuring the actions of forces and means.

The content of control functions and their cyclicity are characteristic of the systematic conduct of emergency rescue operations; in cases of sudden changes in the situation, they can be changed and the controls will act in accordance with the specific situation.

Data about the situation is received by the authorities in the form of urgent and non-urgent reports. Urgent reports are submitted at a certain time, usually in a formalized form; non-urgent - as needed in any form. The main sources for obtaining the most complete and generalized data on the situation are subordinate reconnaissance formations (units) and command and control bodies; a significant part of the information may come from higher management bodies and their means of monitoring and control.

Depending on the sequence of development of the emergency situation, subordinate management bodies submit reports: on the likelihood of an emergency situation, on the fact of its occurrence, on the situation in the disaster area, on the progress of rescue and other urgent work, on a sharp change in the situation, on the results of work (according to periods).

A report on the likelihood and fact of an emergency situation shall be submitted immediately; it allows for a limited amount of data for taking emergency measures and setting tasks for permanent readiness forces, as well as for making a preliminary decision on bringing forces and assets into readiness, moving them to the emergency area and conducting emergency rescue operations. More detailed reports on the situation are submitted after reconnaissance, reconnaissance and at the initial stage of work. They contain data that provides clarification of the preliminary or adoption of a new decision to carry out work by the main forces.

Reports on the progress of work include information on the number of people rescued (recovered from the rubble), changes in the situation, emergency work performed, losses, condition and security of the formations. This data is necessary to clarify previously set tasks, as well as to make decisions in cases of sudden changes in the situation. The forms, content and deadlines for submitting reports are determined by regulatory documents; if necessary, they can be changed during the organization and execution of work.

The situation is fully analyzed by the head of the management body (emergency response manager), his deputies (assistants), as well as other officials, each within the limits of their competence and responsibility.

The situation is analyzed by elements, the main ones being:

the nature and scale of the development of the emergency situation, the degree of danger for production personnel and the population, the boundaries of dangerous zones (fires, radioactive contamination, chemical, bacteriological contamination, etc.) and the forecast of their spread;

types, volumes and conditions of urgent work;

the need for forces and means to carry out work as quickly as possible;

the number, staffing, provision and readiness for action of forces and means, the sequence of their entry into the emergency zone for the deployment of work.

In the process of analyzing the situation, specialists compare the needs for forces and means to carry out work with their specific availability and capabilities, make calculations, analyze options for their use and select the best one. Conclusions from the assessment of the situation and proposals for the use of forces and means are reported to the head of the control body (the head of the emergency response); Experts' suggestions are summarized and used in the decision-making process.

The decision to carry out rescue and other urgent work in an emergency zone is the basis of management; it is accepted and implemented by the head of the management body (the head of the emergency response).

The solution includes the following main elements:

brief conclusions from the assessment of the situation;

intention of action;

tasks for subordinate formations, units and subunits;

security measures;

organization of interaction;

ensuring the actions of the formations.

Brief conclusions from the assessment of the situation contain basic information about the nature and scale of the emergency situation, the volume of work to be done and the conditions for its implementation, the available forces and means and their capabilities.

The plan of action reflects the goals facing a given management body and its forces, the main tasks and sequence of work, objects (regions, areas) of concentration of the main efforts, the procedure for creating a grouping of forces and means.

Tasks for the heads of subordinate management bodies and their formations are determined by senior commanders depending on their capabilities and the development of the situation. When setting a task, the area of work, forces and means, the sequence and timing of work, objects of concentration of main efforts, the procedure for using technical means, safety measures and ensuring continuity of work are indicated.

Interaction between subordinate units (formations), between them and special units of other departments, as well as between subordinate forces and neighbors (forces of other districts, cities) is organized when making decisions and is carried out in the course of work, primarily when rescuing people, localizing and extinguishing fires , liquidation of accidents on public utility systems, preparation of bypass routes (roads) for the deployment of forces and evacuation of the injured (damaged).

When organizing interaction:

the boundaries of the work objects of each formation are clarified;

a procedure is established for adjacent facilities, especially when performing work that may pose a danger to neighbors or affect their work;

the time and place of concentration of efforts when jointly performing particularly important and complex work is agreed upon;

a system for exchanging data on changes in the situation and the results of work in adjacent areas is determined;

the procedure for providing emergency mutual assistance is established.

The interaction of subordinate control bodies and units (formations) with other forces performing special tasks to ensure rescue operations is organized in the process of setting tasks with the participation of representatives of the interacting forces; at the same time, the head of the management body informs subordinates about the work performed at their facilities, the dates for their start and (tentatively) completion. At the same time, the heads of subordinate control bodies (commanders of units and formations) and representatives of the interacting forces clarify the places and procedure for carrying out work, exchange data on the situation, locations of control points, methods of communication and the procedure for informing about the progress of tasks.

Ensuring the actions of forces and means in the areas of work is organized with the aim of creating the necessary conditions for them to successfully complete their tasks. The main types of support are: reconnaissance, transport, engineering, road, hydrometeorological, technical, material and medical. Direct management of the support of force actions and the use of special means is carried out by the heads of services and officials of management bodies in accordance with their duties.

Organization of support includes clarification of the task, assessment of the situation within the framework of one’s responsibility, preparation of special forces and means and their timely deployment to the emergency zone, setting tasks for subordinates and clarifying them in the course of work, monitoring the implementation of assigned tasks.

When organizing reconnaissance, the objectives, areas (sites, objects) and time of reconnaissance are indicated, the procedure for monitoring and monitoring the state of the environment and changes in the situation in the work areas, the system for giving signals and submitting reports.

Transport support includes determining the nature and volume of transportation, accounting for all types of transport, time and place of loading, routes, control lines and timing of their passage, areas (points) and timing of unloading, creation of a reserve of vehicles and the procedure for its use.

Engineering support solves the problems of performing special engineering work, using means of mechanization of work, equipping water supply points, and delivering water to work sites.

Road support involves the creation of road-bridge detachments (traffic support detachments), each of which is assigned a route and the timing of its preparation for the passage of transport and equipment, maintaining routes in passable condition, equipping detours in case it is impossible to use certain sections or road structures on the serviced route.

Hydrometeorological support includes establishing the volume and procedure for transmitting weather data in the areas of work to control bodies and formation commanders, as well as urgent information about hazardous meteorological and hydrological phenomena and the possible nature of their development.

Technical support involves organizing the work of repair and recovery enterprises and special units (formations) for timely maintenance of machines and mechanisms, on-site repairs and delivery of faulty equipment to repair bases.

The management of all forces and means involved in the liquidation of emergency situations and the organization of their interaction are carried out by the emergency liquidation managers appointed for this purpose (heads of the OG) and the management bodies of the RSChS.

The decisions of emergency response managers are binding for all citizens and organizations located in the action areas, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The heads of emergency rescue services, emergency rescue units, who arrived in the action zones first, assume the powers of emergency response leaders and exercise them until the arrival of the leaders determined by the legislation of the Russian Federation or appointed by state authorities, local governments, and heads of organizations.

The powers of the head of emergency response are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation, government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies, and management of organizations in accordance with the law.

In case of emergency, emergency response managers have the right to independently make decisions:

on carrying out evacuation measures in their dangerous zones;

on stopping the activities of organizations located in emergency zones;

on carrying out emergency rescue operations at the facilities and territories of organizations located in emergency zones;

on restricting people's access to dangerous areas;

on the release of reserves of material resources of organizations located in disaster zones in order to eliminate emergency situations;

on the use, in the manner prescribed by law, of communications, vehicles and other property of organizations located in emergency zones;

on the involvement of non-staff and public rescue teams in carrying out emergency rescue operations, as well as rescuers who are not part of these formations, if they have documents confirming their certification to carry out emergency rescue operations;

on the involvement on a voluntary basis of the population in carrying out emergency work, as well as individual citizens who are not rescuers, with their consent, in carrying out emergency rescue work;

on taking other necessary measures due to the development of emergency situations and the progress of work to eliminate them.

Subsequently, emergency response managers are obliged to immediately inform the relevant government bodies, local government bodies, and management of organizations about the decisions they have made.

Operational groups (OG) are staffed with specialists and provide:

receiving information about emergency situations and transferring it to the head of the OG;

forecasting the scale of possible development of an emergency situation;

analytical processing of information about an emergency situation and preparation of solutions for attracting and using forces and means;

bringing the decision to subordinate management bodies and formations (divisions);

control over the deployment and conduct of work in accordance with the decision made;

submission of reports on changes in the situation and progress of work.

The work is managed from equipped control points (CP), which are premises equipped with communications, automation and other necessary technical means. Stationary control centers are located, as a rule, in administrative or public buildings and structures and are staffed with personnel (on duty) and the necessary means of communication. Mobile control points (MCC) ensure more efficient work of operational groups; they are placed on cars, airplanes (helicopters), and watercraft.