Information about what TEP is is relevant for estimators. Let's get to know her. The abbreviation stands for "territorial unit prices". Estimates are in TER, FER, GESN. Territorial are developed for each subject individually. Entry into force is organized by the local administration. Registration of TER in RosStroy is obligatory, after which the prices are included in the list of regulatory documents.
TER: where and how it is applied
Territory unit rates are valid until cancelled. Gosstroy can do this by issuing an order, a decree. The collection currently in force is necessary in order to form an estimate for If construction is associated with government agencies, accounting for TEP is required. For non-state structures, prices are recommended, but they will have to be taken into account.
Working for itself, the company has the right to set its own prices. Participation in state auctions requires compliance with TEP. Since the standards are adopted in accordance with the prices in force at the time of approval, an index is used to obtain the current amount of expenses. A list of indices valid for the near future is published monthly. Knowing what TEP is, owning the index reissued on the 25th of the next month, they make up a correct, accurate estimate for any construction.
Practical use
It is necessary to know how estimates are made in TERs if you have to:
- government order;
- construction;
- participation in the tender;
- installation;
- design and survey work.
The ability to use TERs is appreciated by the contractor.
Estimate: theory and practice
When building a building, you can’t do without an estimate. As follows from article 743 of the current code, the key documents for any facility under construction are:
- work agreement;
- basis for payment;
- estimate.
Knowing what TEP is, the estimate is made correctly.
The estimate fixes:
- marginality;
- cost price;
- the price of materials;
- cost of equipment;
- construction time;
- equipment costs.
An estimate is made taking into account the nuances:
- specificity of the region;
- job title;
- scope of work;
- the correctness of the coefficients (season, tightness, and others);
- valid index.
The estimate is based on:
- list of works;
- volumes of work.
With a correctly formed design sheet, data on the composition and scope of work are given to the estimator in advance. When repairing a building, an estimate can be drawn up without the involvement of professionals.
Working with a municipality, a federal client, the contractor uses the TEP of the customer's region. Even if the company is based in another region, and the work will be carried out in a third region, the indices and coefficients of the area where the organization in need of services is registered are taken into account.
In the case when the work is financed from the federal budget, and the construction site is located in Moscow, the appreciation index is used. This indicator was created based only on construction and repair in the capital. When the developer works on the territory of Moscow on the finances allocated by the municipal budget, taking into account TSN-2001.
Unit rates
Regulatory base - unit prices, compiled for ease of use in reference collections.
Unit rates are financially expressed resources required for the success of the planned work.
TEP are compiled for the following directories:
- construction;
- repair;
- installation;
- commissioning;
- improvement;
- technical support.
Computers to help estimators
It is not easy to master, even knowing the terms of this area and having a sample in front of your eyes. Computing systems have been developed to help estimators calculate objects. Using them, you still have to know what TEP is, but the process is greatly simplified. The program already contains standard amounts, there is an index update function, the finished document is formed on the accepted form, taking into account state standards.
"On the knee" construction in TERs can be calculated in Excel, but the use of special software guarantees the accuracy of the figures obtained. The estimate program will save time, based on the entered data, it will be able to quickly generate documents of several samples. Daily automatic updating guarantees the relevance and correctness of the result.
Summing up
So, we can safely say that the concept of TERs is necessary for every self-respecting estimator. This helps to correctly compose the documentation accompanying the construction site. The use of TEP expands the firm's ability to participate in auctions.
When hiring an estimator, it is in the interests of the employer to test the specialist. The skills of using TEP, the ability to distinguish between territorial and federal rates, the ability to master new software systems for calculating construction are the key skills of a skilled worker.
1. These Territorial Unit Prices for Construction Works (TER) for use in St. Petersburg in basic prices as of January 1, 2000 are intended to determine direct costs in the estimated cost of performing work performed on the construction of hydraulic structures and drawing up cost estimates (estimates), and also for payments for completed construction work.
1. These Territorial Unit Prices for Construction Works (TER) for use in St. Petersburg at base prices as of January 1, 2000 are intended to determine direct costs in the estimated cost of performing work on the construction of concrete and reinforced concrete structures of hydraulic structures and the preparation of estimates (estimates ), as well as for settlements for completed construction work.
2. TEP reflect the industry average costs for the operation of construction machines and mechanisms, technology and organization by type of construction work. TEP are mandatory for application by all enterprises and organizations, regardless of their affiliation and form of ownership, carrying out capital construction with the involvement of funds from the state budget of all levels and targeted off-budget funds.
For construction projects financed at the expense of own funds of enterprises, organizations and individuals, TEPs are advisory in nature.
1.1. The prices of section 01 of this collection apply to the construction of concrete and reinforced concrete structures of hydraulic structures of hydropower facilities.
1.2. Section 01 prices are intended for hydropower facilities with a total volume of concrete and reinforced concrete for the main structures of more than 100 thousand m3. With a volume of concrete and reinforced concrete up to 100 thousand m3, the coefficients given in the technical part should be applied to the cost of operating the machines.
1.3. The prices of section 04 of this collection apply to the construction of concrete and reinforced concrete structures of hydraulic structures on irrigation and drainage systems with a volume of concrete for the structure as a whole up to 10 thousand m3.
1.4. In the prices of the table. 01-001-01-003, 01-007-01-009 provides for the supply of concrete mixture into blocks of concrete and reinforced concrete structures. At the same time, blocks with reinforcement saturation up to 20 kg/m3 should be referred to concrete structures, blocks with reinforcement saturation of more than 20 kg/m3 should be classified as reinforced concrete structures.
1.5. The prices of section 01 provide for the installation of reinforcement and formwork at a height of up to 50 m from the level of the foundation of hydraulic structures or a support platform in the form of previously concreted underlying blocks.
1.6. In the prices of the table. 01-001, 01-002, 01-007, 01-008 supply of concrete mix in tubs with a capacity of 4 m3 is provided. In cases where the project provides for the supply of concrete mix in tubs with a different capacity, the coefficients given in paragraphs. 3.3.1, 3.4.2 of this technical part.
1.7. The cost of laying the concrete mixture in complex blocks of the HPP building (blocks of sub-generator structures, spiral chambers, a suction pipe elbow, a support cone, as well as structures up to 2 m thick with frequent reinforcement) should be determined at prices 1 given in Table. 01-001 and 01-002 using the coefficients according to clause 3.5 of this technical part.
1.8. In the prices of the table. 01-001-01-003 does not take into account the removal of the cement film from the surface of horizontal construction joints. In cases where the project provides for the removal of the film, the coefficients given in paragraph 3.3.2 of this technical part should be applied to the prices.
1.9. In prices 2, 3 tab. 01-003 provides for the supply and placement of concrete mix with compaction by vibrators. When laying a cast concrete mix, self-compacting, the coefficients given in clause 3.6 of this technical part should be applied to the prices.
1.10. In the prices of the table. 01-007 and 01-008 provide for laying the concrete mixture in blocks 1.5 m high. When laying the concrete mixture in blocks 3 m high, the coefficients given in clause 3.4.1 of this technical part should be applied.
Territorial unit prices for construction and special construction works TER-2001 are intended for use in determining the estimated cost of building new, reconstruction, expansion and technical re-equipment of existing enterprises, buildings, structures, housing and civil and industrial facilities, carried out on the territory of the Moscow region. And the GU MO "Mosoblgosexpertiza" (former LEU MO) is being developed.
TEP collections are an integral part of the pricing and estimated rationing system in construction, operating on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Territorial unit prices are obligatory for all enterprises and organizations, regardless of ownership and form of ownership, that carry out construction with the involvement of funds from the regional budget or with its participation and targeted off-budget funds.
For construction projects financed at the expense of own funds of organizations and individuals, TERs are advisory in nature.
TERs of the Moscow region are developed on the basis of:
State elemental estimated norms for construction and special construction works GESN-2001, approved by the relevant resolution of the Gosstroy of Russia
The amount of funds for the remuneration of construction workers, adopted according to the state statistical reporting in construction and data from the administrations of districts and cities of the Moscow Region as of January 1, 2000
· Average estimated prices for materials, products and structures at the base price level in the Moscow Region as of January 1, 2000
Average estimated prices for the operation of construction machines and mechanisms, as well as the wages of machinists as of January 1, 2000, according to the Federal Collection of Estimated Norms and Prices for the Operation of Construction Machines and Motor Vehicles
Basically, unit prices in TEP collections are closed, i.e. take into account the estimated cost of materials of the most widely used grades (from those provided for both by estimated standards and projects) and the estimated cost of operating machines.
In the case of using building materials with their brands and consumption rates, according to design data (working drawings), the specific material included in the price, its consumption and base price can be replaced by the material provided for by the project at a price reduced to the base price level as of January 1, 2000 of the year.
At the same time, the standard indicators for labor in man-hours and construction machines in machine-hours are not subject to adjustment.
The current cost in settlements by types of work performed between customers and contractors is determined by the base-index method based on the base (2000) cost of construction and installation works provided for in local estimates, and the Collection of calculation indices of the State Institution MO "Mosoblgosexperiza" by type of work.
UNIT PRICE
unit rate is the direct cost per unit of work. Rates are divided into two types: closed and open.
Closed rates take into account in direct costs all types of costs, including all material resources. Such a rate in the estimate is displayed in one line.
Open rates do not take into account the cost of basic material resources in direct costs, i.e. resources that define this type of work. Such a material resource is called unaccounted for. The estimate in the estimate is displayed in several lines.
LOCAL ESTIMATES
When determining the estimated cost of construction, all costs are divided into four groups:
construction work, installation work, equipment and other costs.
The local budget is based on:
Scope of work according to design data
Nomenclatures and quantities of equipment, inventory
Estimated standards in force at the time of preparation of the estimate
Free (market) prices and tariffs for equipment and inventory
In the general case, a local estimate is compiled for one type of work.
For example, for buildings and structures - construction work; special construction works; internal sanitary works; internal electric lighting; electric power plants; installation and purchase of technological and other types of equipment; instrumentation and automation; low-current devices (communication, signaling, etc.); acquisition of fixtures, inventory, and other work.
For general site works - for vertical planning; arrangement of engineering networks, tracks and roads; landscaping, small architectural forms and others.
For the same type of work, two or more local estimates can be drawn up in cases where complex buildings and structures are being designed and technical documentation for construction is being developed by several design organizations, as well as when the estimated cost is divided by start-up complexes.
In local estimates, data are grouped into sections according to individual structural elements of the building (structure), types of work and devices.
Grouping usually corresponds to the technological sequence of work. It is usually allowed to divide buildings and structures into an underground part (zero cycle works) and a ground part. Typically, a local estimate includes the following sections:
Construction works: earthworks; foundations and walls of the underground part; walls;
frame; overlaps; partitions; floors and bases; coverings and roofs; filling
openings; stairs and platforms; Finishing work;
Special construction works: foundations for equipment; special
grounds; channels and pits; lining and insulation; chemical protective coatings
and other works;
Internal sanitary works: plumbing, sewerage, heating;
Gas supply;
Installation of equipment: purchase and installation of technological equipment,
technological pipelines, technological metal structures, etc.;
Ventilation and air conditioning;
Electric installation work;
Low voltage networks;
Automation.
In the general case, the estimate is a statement that summarizes unit prices, grouped by sections, indicating additional cost items for each section and for the estimate as a whole.
The cost determined by local estimates includes direct costs, overheads and estimated profit.
Direct costs consist of the basic wages of workers, the cost of operating construction machines and the cost of materials, products, structures (all these figures are indicated in the columns of the estimate). Direct costs and their components are deciphered line by line.
Accrual of overhead costs and a change in profits when compiling local estimates without dividing into sections is carried out at the end of the estimate for the total of direct costs, when forming by sections - at the end of each section and in general according to the local estimate.
The assignment of overhead costs and estimated profit is carried out according to the rates of overhead costs and estimated profit, respectively, the amount of which is provided for by the current guidance documents and is carried out from the basic salary.
So, direct costs, overheads and estimated profits make up the cost of construction, repair, installation, and other works.
In addition, in object estimates, consolidated estimates, limited costs are charged, including: winter appreciation, temporary buildings and structures, preparation of design estimates; contingencies and other expenses provided for by local conditions.
In cases where consolidated estimates are not prepared, the above listed costs are included in the local estimate.
In the case when, in accordance with the design decision, the dismantling of structures or the demolition of buildings and structures is carried out, according to the structures, materials and products suitable for reuse, the results of local estimates (calculations) for dismantling, demolition (transfer) of buildings and structures are given for reference refund amounts, i.e., amounts that reduce the amount of capital investments allocated by the customer. These amounts are not excluded from the local estimate (calculation) and from the scope of work performed. They are shown in a separate line called "Including refundable amounts" and are determined on the basis of the nomenclature and quantity of structures, materials and products received for subsequent use, also given as a result of the local estimate. The cost of such structures, materials, products as part of the refundable amounts is determined at the price of a possible sale, minus from these amounts the costs of bringing them into a usable condition and delivery to storage sites.
Structures, materials and products taken into account in refundable amounts should be distinguished from the so-called reversible materials (formwork, fastening, etc.), which are used several times in accordance with the technology of construction production when performing certain types of work. Their repeated turnover is taken into account in the estimated norms and prices compiled on the basis of their prices for the relevant structures and types of work.
OBJECT ESTIMATE
Object estimates make up for the object as a whole by summing up the data of local estimates (estimates) with the grouping of works and costs according to the corresponding columns of the estimated cost: "Construction work", "Installation work", "Equipment", "Other costs". They are compiled in the same price level: in the base or current.
If the cost of an object can be determined from one local estimate, then an object estimate is not compiled.
In order to determine the total cost of the object, necessary to pay for the work performed between the customer and the contractor, at the end of the object estimate, the cost of construction and installation work, determined at the current price level, additionally includes funds to cover limited costs, incl. for the rise in the cost of work performed in winter, the cost of temporary buildings and structures included in the estimated cost for construction and installation works.
In the object estimate, line by line and as a result, indicators of a unit cost per 1 m 3 of volume, 1 m 2 of the area of buildings and structures, 1 m of the length of networks, etc. are given.
Following the result of the consolidated estimate calculation, for reference, the refundable amounts are shown, which are the final result of the refundable amounts provided for by local estimates.
Federal unit prices FER-2001.
Federal unit prices for construction work are compiled in base prices as of January 1, 2000 and are intended to determine direct costs in the estimated cost of construction of enterprises, buildings, structures and structures, develop aggregated estimated cost standards, and also for settlements for completed construction work. Applies to facilities financed from the federal budget.
The FER-2001 collections were developed at the price level for the base region of the country (Moscow Region).
FER are compiled on the basis of:
State elemental estimated norms for construction work GESN-2001
· Average estimated prices for the operation of construction machines and mechanisms as of January 1, 2000
· The level of remuneration of construction workers and machinists as of January 1, 2000 (accepted according to the data of state statistical reporting in construction for the IV quarter of 1999).
The numbering, names and units of measurement of prices in the FER-2001 collections coincide with those in GESN-2001.
In separate prices, "Direct costs" and "Cost of materials" do not include the cost of building materials, products and structures, taken on the basis of design data and current prices according to the terms of delivery (type of resource - local). Such materials are given in a separate line directly in the price, indicating the code, name and cost of the price meter.
For FER-2001, the Moscomexpertiza center for Moscow issues indices for recalculating the basic cost of construction, major repairs, and reconstruction into the current price level for facilities built in Moscow at the expense of the federal budget.
Territorial unit prices for construction and special construction works TER-2001 are intended for use in determining the estimated cost of building new, reconstruction, expansion and technical re-equipment of existing enterprises, buildings, structures, housing and civil and industrial facilities, carried out on the territory of the Moscow region. And the GU MO "Mosoblgosexpertiza" (former LEU MO) is being developed.
TEP collections are an integral part of the pricing and estimated rationing system in construction, operating on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Territorial unit prices are obligatory for all enterprises and organizations, regardless of ownership and form of ownership, that carry out construction with the involvement of funds from the regional budget or with its participation and targeted off-budget funds.
For construction projects financed at the expense of own funds of organizations and individuals, TERs are advisory in nature.
TERs of the Moscow region are developed on the basis of:
State elemental estimated norms for construction and special construction works GESN-2001, approved by the relevant resolution of the Gosstroy of Russia
The amount of funds for the remuneration of construction workers, adopted according to the state statistical reporting in construction and data from the administrations of districts and cities of the Moscow Region as of January 1, 2000
· Average estimated prices for materials, products and structures at the base price level in the Moscow Region as of January 1, 2000
Average estimated prices for the operation of construction machines and mechanisms, as well as the wages of machinists as of January 1, 2000, according to the Federal Collection of Estimated Norms and Prices for the Operation of Construction Machines and Motor Vehicles
Basically, unit prices in TEP collections are closed, i.e. take into account the estimated cost of materials of the most widely used grades (from those provided for both by estimated standards and projects) and the estimated cost of operating machines.
In the case of using building materials with their brands and consumption rates, according to design data (working drawings), the specific material included in the price, its consumption and base price can be replaced by the material provided for by the project at a price reduced to the base price level as of January 1, 2000 of the year.
At the same time, the standard indicators for labor in man-hours and construction machines in machine-hours are not subject to adjustment.
The current cost in settlements by types of work performed between customers and contractors is determined by the base-index method based on the base (2000) cost of construction and installation works provided for in local estimates, and the Collection of calculation indices of the State Institution MO "Mosoblgosexperiza" by type of work.
UNIT PRICE
unit rate is the direct cost per unit of work. Rates are divided into two types: closed and open.
Closed rates take into account in direct costs all types of costs, including all material resources. Such a rate in the estimate is displayed in one line.
Open rates do not take into account the cost of basic material resources in direct costs, i.e. resources that define this type of work. Such a material resource is called unaccounted for. The estimate in the estimate is displayed in several lines.
LOCAL ESTIMATES
When determining the estimated cost of construction, all costs are divided into four groups:
construction work, installation work, equipment and other costs.
The local budget is based on:
Scope of work according to design data
Nomenclatures and quantities of equipment, inventory
Estimated standards in force at the time of preparation of the estimate
Free (market) prices and tariffs for equipment and inventory
In the general case, a local estimate is compiled for one type of work.
For example, for buildings and structures - construction work; special construction works; internal sanitary works; internal electric lighting; electric power plants; installation and purchase of technological and other types of equipment; instrumentation and automation; low-current devices (communication, signaling, etc.); acquisition of fixtures, inventory, and other work.
For general site works - for vertical planning; arrangement of engineering networks, tracks and roads; landscaping, small architectural forms and others.
For the same type of work, two or more local estimates can be drawn up in cases where complex buildings and structures are being designed and technical documentation for construction is being developed by several design organizations, as well as when the estimated cost is divided by start-up complexes.
In local estimates, data are grouped into sections according to individual structural elements of the building (structure), types of work and devices.
Grouping usually corresponds to the technological sequence of work. It is usually allowed to divide buildings and structures into an underground part (zero cycle works) and a ground part. Typically, a local estimate includes the following sections:
Construction works: earthworks; foundations and walls of the underground part; walls;
frame; overlaps; partitions; floors and bases; coverings and roofs; filling
openings; stairs and platforms; Finishing work;
Special construction works: foundations for equipment; special
grounds; channels and pits; lining and insulation; chemical protective coatings
and other works;
Internal sanitary works: plumbing, sewerage, heating;
Gas supply;
Installation of equipment: purchase and installation of technological equipment,
technological pipelines, technological metal structures, etc.;
Ventilation and air conditioning;
Electric installation work;
Low voltage networks;
Automation.
In the general case, the estimate is a statement that summarizes unit prices, grouped by sections, indicating additional cost items for each section and for the estimate as a whole.
The cost determined by local estimates includes direct costs, overheads and estimated profit.
Direct costs consist of the basic wages of workers, the cost of operating construction machines and the cost of materials, products, structures (all these figures are indicated in the columns of the estimate). Direct costs and their components are deciphered line by line.
Accrual of overhead costs and a change in profits when compiling local estimates without dividing into sections is carried out at the end of the estimate for the total of direct costs, when forming by sections - at the end of each section and in general according to the local estimate.
The assignment of overhead costs and estimated profit is carried out according to the rates of overhead costs and estimated profit, respectively, the amount of which is provided for by the current guidance documents and is carried out from the basic salary.
So, direct costs, overheads and estimated profits make up the cost of construction, repair, installation, and other works.
In addition, in object estimates, consolidated estimates, limited costs are charged, including: winter appreciation, temporary buildings and structures, preparation of design estimates; contingencies and other expenses provided for by local conditions.
In cases where consolidated estimates are not prepared, the above listed costs are included in the local estimate.
In the case when, in accordance with the design decision, the dismantling of structures or the demolition of buildings and structures is carried out, according to the structures, materials and products suitable for reuse, the results of local estimates (calculations) for dismantling, demolition (transfer) of buildings and structures are given for reference refund amounts, i.e., amounts that reduce the amount of capital investments allocated by the customer. These amounts are not excluded from the local estimate (calculation) and from the scope of work performed. They are shown in a separate line called "Including refundable amounts" and are determined on the basis of the nomenclature and quantity of structures, materials and products received for subsequent use, also given as a result of the local estimate. The cost of such structures, materials, products as part of the refundable amounts is determined at the price of a possible sale, minus from these amounts the costs of bringing them into a usable condition and delivery to storage sites.
Structures, materials and products taken into account in refundable amounts should be distinguished from the so-called reversible materials (formwork, fastening, etc.), which are used several times in accordance with the technology of construction production when performing certain types of work. Their repeated turnover is taken into account in the estimated norms and prices compiled on the basis of their prices for the relevant structures and types of work.
OBJECT ESTIMATE
Object estimates make up for the object as a whole by summing up the data of local estimates (estimates) with the grouping of works and costs according to the corresponding columns of the estimated cost: "Construction work", "Installation work", "Equipment", "Other costs". They are compiled in the same price level: in the base or current.
If the cost of an object can be determined from one local estimate, then an object estimate is not compiled.
In order to determine the total cost of the object, necessary to pay for the work performed between the customer and the contractor, at the end of the object estimate, the cost of construction and installation work, determined at the current price level, additionally includes funds to cover limited costs, incl. for the rise in the cost of work performed in winter, the cost of temporary buildings and structures included in the estimated cost for construction and installation works.
In the object estimate, line by line and as a result, indicators of a unit cost per 1 m 3 of volume, 1 m 2 of the area of buildings and structures, 1 m of the length of networks, etc. are given.
Following the result of the consolidated estimate calculation, for reference, the refundable amounts are shown, which are the final result of the refundable amounts provided for by local estimates.
CONSOLIDATED ESTIMATE CALCULATION
Consolidated estimate calculation the cost of construction determines the estimated limit of funds necessary for the complete completion of the construction of all objects provided for by the project. The consolidated estimate of the cost of construction approved in accordance with the established procedure serves as the basis for determining the limit of capital investments and opening financing for construction. Consolidated estimates of the cost of construction are compiled and approved separately for industrial and non-industrial construction.
The summary estimate of the cost of the project for the construction of an enterprise, a building or its turn includes, in separate lines, the totals for all object estimates (estimates) without amounts to cover limited costs, as well as estimates for certain types of costs. The positions of the consolidated estimate calculation of the cost of construction must have a link to the number of the specified estimate documents. The estimated cost of each object provided by the project is distributed according to the columns indicating the estimated cost of "construction works", "equipment, furniture, inventory", "other costs", "total estimated cost". The summary estimate for construction is compiled at the current price level. In the summary estimates of the cost of industrial and civil construction, funds are distributed according to the following chapters:
1. Preparation of the construction site
2. Main construction objects
4. Energy facilities
5. Objects of transport economy and communications
6. External networks and facilities for water supply, sewerage, heat supply and gas supply
7. Improvement and gardening of the territory
8. Temporary buildings and structures
9. Other costs and work
11. Training of operational personnel
The distribution of objects, works and costs within the chapters is carried out in accordance with the nomenclature of the consolidated estimate calculation of the cost of construction that has developed for the relevant industry. If there are several types of completed productions or complexes, each of which has several objects, grouping into sections can be carried out within the chapter, the name of which corresponds to the name of the productions (complexes).
For capital repairs of residential buildings, communal and socio-cultural facilities as part of one estimate calculation, it is recommended that funds be distributed to the following chapters:
1. Preparation of sites (territory) for overhaul
2. Main objects
3. Objects of ancillary and service purposes
4. External networks and facilities for water supply, sewerage, heat supply and gas supply
5. Improvement and gardening of the territory
6. Temporary buildings and structures
7. Other work and costs
8. Technical supervision
The consolidated estimate calculation is drawn up for the construction as a whole, regardless of the number of general contracting construction and installation organizations participating in it.
The estimated cost of work and costs to be carried out by each general contractor is drawn up in a separate statement compiled in relation to the form of a consolidated estimate.
An explanatory note is drawn up for the summary estimate submitted for approval as part of the project, which contains:
Construction location
List of catalogs of estimated standards adopted for the preparation of estimates for construction
Name of the general contractor
Overhead rates
Estimated profit margin
Features of determining the estimated cost of construction work for a given construction site
Features of determining the estimated cost of equipment and its installation for
this construction site
Features of determining funds for a given construction site according to chapters 8-12 of the consolidated
budget calculation
Calculation of the distribution of funds in the direction of capital investments (for housing
civil engineering)
Other information on the procedure for determining the cost, specific to this construction site,
as well as links to relevant decisions of government and other bodies
public authorities on issues related to pricing and benefits for
specific building.
In the summary estimate of the cost of construction, the following totals are given (in columns 4-8): for each chapter (if there are sections in the chapter, for each section), for the sum of chapters 1-7, 1-8, 1-9, 1-12 , as well as after accruing the amount of the reserve of funds for unforeseen work and costs - "Total according to the consolidated estimate".
The summary estimate of the overhaul provides the final data for each chapter, for the sum of chapters 1-5, 1-6, 1-7, 1-9, and also after accruing the amount of the reserve of funds for, unforeseen work and costs - "Total for the consolidated budget calculation".
Funds included in chapter 1 "Preparation of the construction site"
Includes funds for work and costs associated with the allotment and development of the built-up area. These activities and costs include:
Allotment of a land plot, issuance of an architectural and planning task
Breakdown of the main axes of buildings and structures
Liberation of the construction site
Resettlement of residents of demolished houses
Compensation for the cost of demolished (transferred) buildings and plantings
Drainage of the territory, etc.
The cost of works is determined on the basis of project volumes and current rates.
The amount of funds should also take into account the cost of the work required to place temporary buildings and structures on the prepared area.
The economic crisis of 2008 in Russia affected many areas of activity, but the construction industry to a greater extent. Most of the facilities built or repaired at the expense of commercial sources of financing, due to lack of money, were simply forced to stop and, at best, be mothballed.
But, the construction has not completely stopped, the state and municipal budgets, although on a smaller scale than before, still continue to allocate limits for construction and repairs. In this regard, contractors that previously worked only with commercial money turned their eyes to state and municipal facilities, because somehow you need to survive.
Accustomed to the almost complete absence of serious control over the expenditure of funds for construction and installation work by commercial customers, contractors were unpleasantly surprised by the fairly strict and orderly control by state and municipal customers. For many, it was a discovery that before starting work, it is necessary to draw up a real real estimate indicating the cost of materials, work, operation of machines and mechanisms, and even more unexpected, in accordance with this estimate, all work is financed and will have to be reported in full.
Many contractors who have been working in the construction market for several years have had to figure out what construction prices, cost appreciation indices, regulatory frameworks and much more are. In this regard, I would like to dwell a little on the choice of the regulatory framework for calculating the cost of construction products, what they are and what they are eaten with.
So, normative base of estimates- this is a large number of unit prices united among themselves in collections in accordance with their type.
☛ Unit rates are a set of resources in monetary terms (wages, operation of machines and mechanisms, materials and equipment) that are necessary to perform a particular type of work.
Unit prices, as mentioned above, are combined into collections depending on their type. Collections are for construction work, for repair work, for installation work, commissioning, as well as for maintenance and landscaping. All prices are developed at the base price level (as of January 1, 2000) and are an integral part of the pricing and cost estimate system in construction, which is in force on the territory of the Russian Federation.
In turn, collections of prices for construction (repair) work, equipment installation and commissioning are divided into federal (FER), territorial (TER), i.e. according to the level of application. regulatory bases. FER collections contain prices for all types of work performed on the territory of the Russian Federation and are developed at the main price level for the 1st base region (Moscow Region).
FER collections are, as it were, the starting point, on the basis of which all collections of other regions (TER) are developed. Territorial collections of TEP include unit prices linked to local construction conditions, which are used in construction within the territory of an administrative entity of the Russian Federation (region), i.e. they simply monitor the level of wages of builders, the cost of materials, the operation of machines and mechanisms, as well as various climatic and other factors, established for a given region. Thus, TEP most accurately reflect the cost of construction work for a particular region, because it is clear that when calculating estimates for, for example, the Volgograd region, it is impossible to accept the Moscow level of wages for builders or the cost of sand in the region where it is mined will be much lower than in where else to take it. In accordance with this, each region has its own TER (territorial unit prices), with the exception of the city of Moscow.
Moscow has always stood out and did not look for easy ways, in connection with which the Moscow government decided to develop its own estimated standards, which will allow assessing construction work only in this city. This is how MTSN-98 appeared (Moscow territorial estimated standards in the price level as of January 1, 1998). I must say that this base is very well developed in comparison with FER and TER. This is due to the fact that Moscow did not spare money for the study of this issue and took it very seriously, since it is clear that the more accurately the prices are worked out qualitatively and quantitatively, the more accurate the cost calculation will be and, therefore, less money will dissolve in the air, and go more to concrete work. FER-2001 and TER-2001 basically repeated the prices from the old Soviet regulatory framework of 1984 (which of course did not have a positive effect), of course, today these prices are periodically updated and brought to modern realities, but still remain, unfortunately, far behind the base MTSN-98. At the end of 2007, MTSN-98 was replaced by TSN-2001 (Territorial Estimated Standards of Moscow), which are brought to the price level as of January 1, 2000, in order to comply with the generally accepted pricing system on the territory of the Russian Federation, but with their own significant differences. This base is even more developed than MTSN-98 and continues to develop constantly, almost every quarter there is an update of this base, in which some prices are excluded as unnecessary, some, on the contrary, are added due to the emergence of new technologies in construction. But we can definitely say that today TSN-2001 is the most advanced base of estimated prices.
☛ So, having considered all existing types of regulatory bases, one could conclude that it is necessary to use the best TSN-2001 base for calculations, however, according to various decisions of the Gosstroy (the main body responsible for issuing regulatory documents in the field of construction and housing and communal services), apply that or other regulatory framework FER or TER or TSN is needed depending on the type of budget financing.
Thus, if the source of financing for the production of construction and installation works is federal or municipal, then the TEP (territorial unit prices) of the region in which these works are carried out is applied, regardless of where the contractor is from (this means a Moscow organization if it builds in the Volgograd region, then the estimate will be calculated according to the TER of the Volgograd region). And again, there are exceptions: if the source of funding for the work is federal, but the construction is carried out in Moscow, then FER-2001 is applied (using appreciation indices specially developed for Moscow), and if work is carried out in Moscow at the expense of the municipal budget of the city of Moscow, then to the use of TSN-2001.
In the case of using commercial sources of financing for work, the estimated regulatory framework is determined by choice by agreement between the customer and the contractor, and commercial rates can be used in general, although recently almost more large and medium-sized commercial customers have switched to one or another regulatory framework, often refusing to use nothing more than unreasonable commercial prices.
Therefore, before deciding in what estimated standards to draw up an estimate, you need to understand which option will be most acceptable for the customer and the contractor.
Viktor Olenev. 2009..
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