System of regulatory documents in construction

CODE OF DESIGN RULES

AND CONSTRUCTION

BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES

AND COMPLEXES OF ORTHODOX TEMPLES

STATE COMMITTEE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
ON CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING AND COMMUNAL COMPLEX

(GOSSTROY RUSSIA)

Moscow 2000

PREFACE

1 DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Architectural and Artistic Design and Restoration Center of the Moscow Patriarchate ACC "Archtemple"

3 INTRODUCED for the first time

The set of rules was developed by: architect. M.YU. Kesler- topic leader; architect A.N. Obolensky(ACC "Archtemple") with the participation of: Ph.D. architect A.M. Garnets(Institute of Public Buildings), Ph.D. architect L.A. Viktorova(Federal Scientific and Technical Center for Construction Certification), Ph.D. tech. sciences IN.G. Gagarin, Ph.D. tech. sciences X.A. Shchirzhetsky(NIISF).

ByblessingHis HolinessPatriarchMoscowAndall IRus'AlexiaII

1 area of use. 2

3 terms and definitions. 2

4 general provisions. 2

5 requirements for accommodation and territory. 6

6 buildings and structures for religious purposes. 8

Bell towers and bell towers.. 13

Epiphanies. 14

Chapels. 15

7 Buildings and structures for auxiliary purposes. 15

8 Natural and artificial lighting, noise protection, sound insulation and room acoustics. 18

9 Engineering equipment. 20

Heating and ventilation. 20

Water supply and sewerage. 22

Electrical and low-current devices. 23

Appendix B. Terms and definitions. 25

church terms.. 27

Appendix B. Rules for calculating the total, usable and standardized area, construction volume, building area and number of storeys of buildings and structures of Orthodox churches. 28

Appendix D. Methodology for calculating the city network of churches and their capacity. 29

Appendix E. Approximate diagram of the master plan of the city parish church complex. 29

Appendix E. Orthodox worship and functional planning diagrams of the temple. thirty

Appendix G. Schematic model of an Orthodox church with the symbolic meaning of its elements. 33

Appendix I. Examples of churches that meet church canonical requirements.. 34

Appendix K. Layout diagram of the altar and solea of the temple. 35

Appendix L. Schemes for filling iconostases. 36

Appendix M. Calculation of reverberation in temple premises. 37

Appendix H. Bibliography. 40

SP 31-103-99

CODE OF RULES FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES AND COMPLEXES OF ORTHODOX TEMPLES

THE BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES AND COMPLEXES OF ORTHODOX TEMPLES

dateintroductions1999 -12 -27

1 AREA OF USE

These rules apply to the design of newly constructed and reconstructed buildings, structures and complexes of Orthodox churches, as well as premises of house churches built into buildings for other purposes. The design of monastic complexes, missions and diocesan centers must be carried out in accordance with approved design assignments, taking into account the requirements of this Code of Rules. The rules do not apply to the design of churches temporarily located in prefabricated and other similar buildings.

2 REGULATORY REFERENCES

The list of regulatory documents referenced in the Code of Practice is given in Appendix A.

When excluding from the existing normative documents referred to in this Code of Rules, one should be guided by the norms introduced to replace the excluded ones.

3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

Terms and definitions are given in Appendix B.

4 GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1 This Code of Rules was developed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 10-01 and is valid in development of SNiP 2.08.02.

4.2 The clauses of this Code of Rules marked with “*” are mandatory.

The provisions in bold are mandatory according to church requirements.

4.3 Complexes of Orthodox churches, in accordance with their functional purpose, are divided into diocesan centers, spiritual missions, parish and monastic complexes, and into churches as part of complexes, buildings and structures for public and residential purposes. Their location, approximate composition, main and additional set of buildings, structures and premises for liturgical and auxiliary purposes are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

View of the complex			Buildings, structures and premises				Note
			liturgical purposes		auxiliary purpose
			Basic (capacity)	Additional	Basic	Additional

Diocesan center		City center	Cathedral (2 - 5 thousand people)	Epiphany Bell tower	Diocesan administration Church and clergy house Household services, including garage	Theological school Sunday School Publishing House Editorial Board Bishop's House
Diocesan center		City center	Cathedral (2 - 5 thousand people)	House Church		Church shop
Orthodox mission		Within the residential area of the city	Temple (up to 100 people)	Epiphany	Church and clergy house Household services Church shop	Sunday School Hotel Residential buildings of the clergy
Parish complex	Urban	Center of the planning area	Temple (450 - 1500 people)	Epiphany	Church and clergy house Household services Church shop	Sunday School (Gymnasium) Hotel Almshouse Medical Center Residential buildings of the clergy	Detailed composition of the parish complex, see table. 3
Parish complex	Rural	Rural settlement center	Temple (100 - 300 people)	"Summer" temple	Church and clergy house Household services	Sunday School Hotel Residential buildings of the clergy
Monastery complex	Monastery	Suburban zone of residential area Urban area Rural settlement	Temple (100 - 2000 people)	Refectory Temple Hospital Temple Gate Temple House temple Bell tower	Cell building Governor's House Hotel Household services Church shop	Sunday School Production workshops
		Monastery territory Suburban area Outside populated areas	Temple (50 - 100 people)		Cell buildings Household services
	Compound	Urban area Rural settlement	Temple (100 - 600 people)		Cell building Hotel Adm. services Household services Church shop	Viceroy's Corps Sunday School Workshops
As part of complexes and public buildings	Cemetery	Cemetery entrance area	Temple (100 - 900 people) Chapel		Church and clergy house Household services Church shop	Production workshops
As part of complexes and public buildings	Memorial Complex	Memorial zone of residential area Suburban area	Temple (50 - 300 people)	Belfry	Premises: Church clergy; Household
As part of complexes and public buildings	Social institutions, medical institutions	Territory of the institution Built into institutional buildings (top floor)	Temple (50 - 100 people)		Church clergy premises		Auxiliary premises are built in
	Educational establishments	Built into educational buildings (top floor)	Temple (100 - 500 people)
	Military units	Territory of the part	Temple (100 - 300 people)
	Places of detention	Territory of the zone, prison	Temple (100 - 300 people)
In residential buildings	Residential buildings	Built into residential buildings	House Church

4.4 The capacity of churches is determined by calculation based on the size and demographic composition of the population served in accordance with the methodology set out in Appendix D. The estimated capacity of city parish churches is given in Table 2.

table 2

Note . The capacity indicator corresponds to the attendance of the temple on holidays (for regions with a predominantly Orthodox population).

4.5 The most common type of temple complex is the parish one. An approximate list of groups of buildings, structures and premises of parish church complexes, which can be reduced or supplemented in the design assignment, is given in Table 3.

Table 3

Purpose of groups of buildings, structures and premises	List of buildings, structures and premises	Unit	Quantity

Liturgical	Temple (with 1 - 3 chapels), including summer and winter
	Bell tower (belfry)
	Epiphany

Service and household	Church and clergy house
	Hotel
	Residential buildings of the clergy	apartment
Educational	Sunday School
	Gymnasium
	Library
Charitable	Almshouse
	Medical Center	visits/day
	Mother and child room
	Refectory	village places
Household	Church shop (kiosk, store)
	Prosphora
	Art workshops

4.7* When reconstructing, restoring and overhauling buildings and structures of Orthodox churches that are historical and cultural monuments, in addition to the requirements specified in the Code of Rules, the requirements of the legislation on the protection and use of historical and cultural monuments should be taken into account.

In the case of new construction in the territories of historical and cultural monuments, design should be carried out on the basis of a plan assignment issued by the Department of State Control and Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments.

4.8* The design of fire protection of buildings, structures and complexes of Orthodox churches, as well as compliance with the fire safety regime during their construction, reconstruction and repair, must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 21-01, NPB 108, PPB 01 and other current norms and rules.

4.9* To calculate the total, usable and standardized area, construction volume, building area and number of storeys of buildings and structures of complexes of Orthodox churches, one should be guided by Appendix 3 of SNiP 2.08.02 and Appendix B of this Code of Rules.

5 REQUIREMENTS FOR ACCOMMODATION AND TERRITORY

5.1 Territories for the construction of temple complexes in residential areas are allocated in accordance with master plans, and in their absence, according to development schemes.

Territories for the construction of temple complexes located outside the boundaries of urban and rural settlements are allocated on the basis of projects and regional planning schemes and suburban zone projects.

5.2* In residential areas, buildings, structures and complexes of Orthodox churches should be located on the basis of urban planning assignments, as a rule, near existing utilities and roads, subject to the provision of public passenger transport.

The approaches to churches should not cross the carriageway of main streets at the same level.

5.3 It is recommended to select sites in residential areas taking into account the dominant role of the temple in the formation of the surrounding development: areas with increased relief, oriented along the axes of main roads, taking into account their configuration, the development of neighboring areas, etc., depending on urban planning conditions.

5.4 Monasteries can be located in residential areas or outside the boundaries of urban and rural settlements. Hermitages can be located on the territory of the monastery or on a separate site, including outside the residential area. Monastic metochions can be located in urban and rural settlements.

5.5 The dimensions of land plots of parish church complexes, including the main buildings and structures for liturgical and auxiliary purposes, are recommended to be taken based on the specific indicator - 7 m 2 of plot area per unit of church capacity.

When constructing temple complexes in areas of crowded urban development, it is allowed to reduce the specific indicator of the land plot (m 2 per unit of capacity), but not more than 20 - 25%.

5.6* The minimum distances between buildings should be taken in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.07.01 and SNiP 21-01.

5.7 The planning of the territories of diocesan centers, spiritual missions, monastic complexes and public complexes, including buildings and structures of Orthodox churches, should be carried out in accordance with the design assignment and urban planning conclusion.

5.8 It is not recommended to place buildings and structures that are not functionally connected to them on the land plots of temple complexes. It is allowed to provide areas next to the land plots of churches for the placement of residential buildings of the church clergy, almshouses, hotels, workshops and economic services. The dimensions of the plots and the range of buildings and structures located on adjacent plots are established by the design assignment. When justified depending on local conditions, residential buildings of the church clergy may be located on the land plots of churches, which should be designed in accordance with SNiP 2.08.01.

5.9 The territory of the temple complex should be divided into functional zones:

Entrance;

Temple;

Auxiliary purposes;

Economic.

An approximate diagram of the master plan of the parish city church complex is given in Appendix D.

5.10 The entrance area should provide access for vehicles and an entrance for parishioners. This zone will provide kiosks and church shops selling church supplies, and places for parishioners to relax. The entrance area should have a connection with the temple area.

5.11 The temple area intended for religious ceremonies must have a direct connection with the entrance and auxiliary areas. In the temple area, buildings of temples, bell towers and belfries, chapels, monuments, water wells, areas for religious events and recreation of parishioners should be provided.

A circular walk around the temple should be provided for the passage of the procession during church holidays, usually from 3 to 5 m wide with platforms up to 6 m wide in front of the side entrances to the temple and opposite the altar.

In front of the main entrance to the temple, located, as a rule, on the western side, an area should be provided at the rate of 0.2 m2 per place in the temple.

The position of the temples is determined by the church requirement of the orientation of the altar in the eastern direction with a possible shift of up to 30° due to the urban planning features of the site.

5.12 Temple buildings should, as a rule, be placed no closer than 3 m from the red building lines to organize a circular walk around the temple. During the reconstruction and construction of churches in areas of crowded urban development, this distance can be reduced, but with the possibility of organizing a circular walk, right up to the red building lines with the procession leaving the temple territory.

5.13 In the temple area, burials are allowed in accordance with the Sanitary Rules for the Construction and Maintenance of Cemeteries. The issue of each burial must be resolved with the participation of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision authorities.

5.14 An auxiliary area intended for organizing parish, educational, charitable and other activities should, as a rule, be associated with the entrance and temple area. In this zone it is recommended to place a church-parish house, a Sunday school, an almshouse or other buildings and structures in accordance with the design assignment.

The church-parish house, hotel and Sunday school can be separate or interconnected, and sometimes with a temple and a utility block. It is recommended to locate the almshouse adjacent to the green areas of the temple complex. Toilets for parishioners can be located in a separate building or be interconnected with other auxiliary buildings of the temple complex. Restrooms for clergy should be located separately from public restrooms.

5.15 Depending on the urban planning situation, buildings and structures for auxiliary purposes can be located on the temple site in accordance with the functional zoning of the territory, as well as in the stylobate part of the temple or in extensions to it.

5.16 The economic zone of the parish church complex, intended for the placement of economic buildings, including warehouses, workshops, a garage for vehicles, a platform for a garbage disposal and an oven for burning memorial notes, must have convenient access from highways (including for fire trucks ) and be equipped with parking for trucks and cars belonging to the temple. The area of the economic zone is determined by the size of buildings and structures for economic purposes, the number of vehicles determined by the design assignment, and is approximately 15% of the area of the site. Access for cargo vehicles should be provided from the economic zone of the temple complex.

In large monastic complexes with a developed system of buildings and structures for economic purposes, when designing an economic zone, SNiP 2.09.02 should be followed.

5.17* On temple land plots, access roads should be provided to the main entrance to the temple, as well as to the main evacuation exits from all buildings and structures included in the temple complex.

5.18 The site of the parish church complex is, as a rule, fenced around the entire perimeter. It is recommended to make the fence from decorative metal bars 1.5 - 2.0 m high. The main entrance should be located from the approaches and public transport stops, oriented towards the entrance to the temple. If the temple capacity is more than 300 people, a second entrance to the territory should be provided from the economic zone. The dimensions and design of gates in fences must ensure unobstructed passage for wheelchair users and elderly parishioners. The height of the gate opening for fire trucks to enter the temple territory must be at least 4.25 m, and the width - at least 3.5 m. It is allowed not to fence the land plots of churches located in memorial complexes, as well as chapels.

5.19 Outside the fence of temple complexes, parking should be provided at the rate of 2 parking spaces for every 50 seats of the temple's capacity. Parking lots for cars and buses, as well as public transport stops, should be located at a distance, as a rule, no further than 50 m from temple buildings.

5.20 The territory of the temple complex must be landscaped at least 15% of the site area. It is recommended to select flowers in such a way as to ensure continuous flowering throughout the spring-summer-autumn season.

5.21 Roads, platforms and walkways around the temple must have a hard surface with a vertical layout that ensures the drainage of rainwater.

Appendix A. Regulatory references Appendix B. Terms and definitions Appendix C. Rules for calculating the total, usable and standardized area, construction volume, building area and number of floors of buildings and structures of Orthodox churches Appendix D. Methodology for calculating the urban network of churches and their capacity Appendix D. Approximate diagram of the general plan of the city parish church complex Appendix E. Orthodox worship and functional planning diagrams of the temple Orthodox worship Appendix G. Schematic model of the Orthodox church with the symbolic meaning of its elements Appendix I. Examples of churches that meet church canonical requirements Appendix K. Planning diagram of the altar and temple salts Appendix L. Schemes for filling iconostases Appendix M. Calculation of reverberation in temple premises Appendix N. Bibliography

Code of Practice for Design and Construction
SP 31-103-99
"Buildings, structures and complexes of Orthodox churches"
(approved by Resolution of the State Construction Committee of the Russian Federation dated December 27, 1999 N 92)

Introduced for the first time

1 area of use

The list of regulatory documents referenced in the Code of Practice is given in Appendix A.

When excluding from the existing normative documents referred to in this Code of Rules, one should be guided by the norms introduced to replace the excluded ones.

4. General provisions

4.2. Clauses of this Code of Rules marked with a “*” are mandatory.

The provisions in bold are mandatory according to church requirements.

4.3. Complexes of Orthodox churches, in accordance with their functional purpose, are divided into diocesan centers, spiritual missions, parish and monastic complexes, and into churches as part of complexes, buildings and structures for public and residential purposes. Their location, approximate composition, main and additional set of buildings, structures and premises for liturgical and auxiliary purposes are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

N p.p.	View of the complex		Recommended placement on residential territories	Buildings, structures and premises				Note
				liturgical purposes		auxiliary appointments
				Basic (capacity)	Additional- new	Basic	Additional
1	2		3	4	5	6	7	8
1	Diocesan center		Citywide center	Cathedral (2 - 5 thousand people)	Chapel Epiphany Bell tower Brownie church	Diocesan- new control Tserkovno-pr reading house Household services, in including garage	Spiritual school Sunday school Editorial publishing houses Bishop's house Church shop
2	Orthodox mission		Within residential city territory	Temple (up to 100 people)	Epiphany Chapel	Tserkovno-pr reading house Household services Church shop	Sunday school Hotel Residential buildings clergy
3	Arrival dskoy computer lex	Urban	Center planning district	Temple (450-1500 people)	Epiphany Chapel	Tserkovno-pr reading house Household services Church shop	Sunday school (Gymnasium) Hotel Almshouse Medical paragraph Residential buildings clergy	Expanded compound parish complex, see table 3
4	Arrival dskoy computer lex	Rural	Rural Center settlements	Temple (100-300 people)	"Summer" temple Chapel	Tserkovno-pr reading house Household services	Sunday school Hotel Residential buildings clergy
5	Monas- tyrs- cue computer lex	Monastery	Suburban area residential territories Urban area Rural settlement	Temple (100-2000 people)	Refectory temple Sick leave temple Nadvratny temple House temple Bell tower Chapel	Cellular frame House governor Hotel Household services Church shop	Sunday school Production new workshops
6		Skeet	Territory monastery Suburban area Outside populated areas points	Temple (50-100 people) Chapel	Chapel	Cells housing Household services
7		Compound	Urban area Rural settlement	Temple (100-600 people)	Chapel	Cellular frame Hotel Adm. services Household services Church shop	Frame governor Sunday school Workshops Stock Garage
8	IN composition ve computer Lex And buildings social twain nogo appointment values	Cemetery	Entrance area cemeteries	Temple (100-900 people) Chapel	Chapel	Tserkovno-pr reading house Household services Church shop	Production new workshops
9		Memorial- ny complex	Memorial zone residential territories Suburban area	Temple (50-300 people) Chapel	Belfry	Premises: -church clergy; -household- data
10	IN composition ve computer Lex And buildings social twain nogo appointment values	Institutions social th appointment values, medical cues institutions	Territory institutions Built into buildings institutions (top floor)	Temple (50-100 people) Chapel		Premises church clergy		Auxiliary linen premises built-in
11		Educational establishments	Built into buildings educational institutions (top floor)	Temple (100-500 people) Chapel		Same		Same
12		Military parts	Territory of the part	Temple (100-300 people) Chapel		"		"
13		Places conclusions	Territory of the zone, prisons	Temple (100-300 people) Chapel		"		"
14	IN residential buildings- I	Residential building	Built in residential buildings	Brownie church Chapel

4.4. The capacity of churches is determined by calculation based on the size and demographic composition of the population served in accordance with the methodology set out in Appendix D. The estimated capacity of city parish churches is given in Table 2.

table 2

4.5. The most common type of temple complex is the parish one. An approximate list of groups of buildings, structures and premises of parish church complexes, which can be reduced or supplemented in the design assignment, is given in Table 3.

Table 3

Purpose
groups of buildings,
structures and
premises

List of buildings, structures and
premises

Unit
measurements

Quantity
in

Liturgical

Temple (with 1-3 chapels), including
including summer and winter

5.9 The territory of the temple complex should be divided into functional zones:

Entrance;

Temple;

Auxiliary purposes;

Economic.

An approximate diagram of the master plan of the parish city temple complex is given in Appendix E.

5.10 The entrance area should provide access for vehicles and an entrance for parishioners. This zone will provide kiosks and church shops selling church supplies, and places for parishioners to relax. The entrance area should have a connection with the temple area.

5.11 The temple area intended for religious ceremonies must have a direct connection with the entrance and auxiliary areas. In the temple area, buildings of temples, bell towers and belfries, chapels, monuments, water wells, areas for religious events and recreation of parishioners should be provided.

In front of the main entrance to the temple, located, as a rule, on the western side, an area should be provided at the rate of 0.2 m2 per place in the temple.

The position of the temples is determined by the church requirement that the altar should be oriented in the eastern direction, with a possible displacement within 30° due to the urban planning features of the location of the site.

5.12 Temple buildings should, as a rule, be placed no closer than 3 m from the red building lines to organize a circular walk around the temple. During the reconstruction and construction of churches in areas of crowded urban development, this distance can be reduced, but with the possibility of organizing a circular walk, right up to the red building lines with the procession leaving the temple territory.

5.13 In the temple area, burials are allowed in accordance with the Sanitary Rules for the Construction and Maintenance of Cemeteries. The issue of each burial must be resolved with the participation of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision authorities.

5.14 An auxiliary area intended for organizing parish, educational, charitable and other activities should, as a rule, be associated with the entrance and temple areas. In this zone it is recommended to place a church-parish house, a Sunday school, an almshouse or other buildings and structures in accordance with the design assignment.

5.15 Depending on the urban planning situation, buildings and structures for auxiliary purposes may be located on the temple site in accordance with the functional zoning of the territory, as well as in the stylobate part of the temple or in extensions to it.

5.16 The economic zone of the parish church complex, intended for the placement of economic structures, including warehouses, workshops, a garage for vehicles, a platform for a garbage disposal and an oven for burning memorial notes, must have convenient access from highways (including for firefighters cars) and be equipped with parking for trucks and cars belonging to the temple. The area of the economic zone is determined by the size of buildings and structures for economic purposes, the number of vehicles determined by the design assignment, and is approximately 15% of the area of the site. Access for cargo vehicles should be provided from the economic zone of the temple complex.

In large monastic complexes with a developed system of buildings and structures for economic purposes, when designing an economic zone, SNiP 2.09.02 should be followed.

House churches and churches built into public buildings of medical and social institutions, educational institutions, etc. should be located, as a rule, on the upper floors or in such a way that there are no rooms for other purposes above the altar.

6.6 The area of the part of the temple where worshipers are located is recommended to be taken at a rate of at least 0.25 m2 per person.

6.7 Functional and planning diagrams of an Orthodox church in connection with divine services are given in Appendix E.

A schematic model of the temple with the symbolic meaning of its elements associated with worship is given in Appendix G.

Selected examples of churches from Russian temple-building practice that meet church canonical requirements are given in Appendix I.

It must be taken into account that the forms of the main elements of the temple, its functional and decorative elements are determined by Orthodox tradition and symbolism, including:

Completion of the temple with a head with a cross;

The elevation of the floor level of the temple above the ground level and the altar with the altar above the level of the temple floor (may not exist in brownie and a number of ancient temples);

A bell tower or belfry may be built above the vestibules.

Candle stalls should be provided in the vestibules, if possible isolated from the prayer rooms of the temple (refectory and middle parts), places for holding custom services (for example, prayer services, memorial services), as well as utility rooms: staff rooms, cleaning equipment rooms, storerooms, wardrobes for parishioners' outerwear, etc. in accordance with the design assignment.

If there is a wardrobe for outerwear, the number of hooks is determined by the design assignment, but must be at least 10% of the capacity of the temple.

It is allowed to place a toilet for clergy in the western part of the vestibule or its basement in a complex of utility rooms separated from the premises for parishioners.

6.9 The entrance to the vestibule is provided from an open or covered area - a porch, rising above ground level by no less than 0.45 m.

There should be space on the porch for coffin lids and wreaths.

The head should be crowned with a cross, oriented to the west.

6.14 An altar intended for clergy can be built in or attached to the middle part of the temple on the eastern side.

In churches with a capacity of up to 300 people, as a rule, there is one altar. In churches of larger capacity, according to design instructions, several altars can be installed in the aisles.

The depth of the altar in small and house churches should be at least 3.0 m, and in other churches at least 4.0 m. In the center of the altar there should be a square altar with a side size of 0.8-1.0 m at a distance from the Royal Doors at least 1.3 m, around which there should be, as a rule, a circular path with a distance from the altar to the altarpiece (High Place) of at least 0.9 m (1). In cathedrals, near the High Place, there should be seating on a raised platform for the bishop (in the center) and the clergy (on both sides).

At the altars of churches with a capacity of over 300 people, as a rule, utility rooms (sextons and sacristies) with an area of 4 to 12 m2 are arranged. Entrances to them are organized from the altar; In this case, the installation of doors is not necessary.

6.17 Entrances to the altar must be organized from the middle part of the temple through the doors and the Royal Doors in the iconostasis, and the installation of thresholds is not allowed. An additional exit can be organized through a sexton or directly outside.

6.18 The iconostasis in its design is a partition with which the altar is separated from the middle part of the temple. The height of the iconostasis is not regulated, but it is recommended to leave an open or lattice part at the top so that the exclamations of the clergy can be heard and air flows move between the middle part of the temple and the altar.

The iconostasis should, as a rule, have three doors opening into the altar: two side (north and south) single-leaf doors opening towards the side walls of the altar, with an opening width of about 0.9 m, but not less than 0.6 m with a height of about 2 , 1 m and one double-leaf, central, especially decorated, the so-called Royal Doors with an opening width of 1.0-1.4 m and a height of, as a rule, 2.5 m. The dimensions of the iconostasis doors are set in accordance with the design assignment. In the chapel and house churches, in addition to the Royal Doors, only one side (northern) door (1) is allowed.

6.19 The role of the iconostasis can be performed by the eastern wall of the middle part of the temple with an attached altar, or by a specially constructed partition made of stone, brick or wood, which can be single-tiered or multi-tiered, filling the opening between the middle part of the temple and the altar. In 4-6 pillar churches, the iconostasis is arranged in front of the eastern pillars.

At the first stage of operation of the temple, it is allowed to install a temporary iconostasis made on a light frame.

The number of rows of the iconostasis is not regulated, but there must be at least one lower “local” row with the Crucifixion at the top.

Schemes for filling iconostases are given in Appendix L.

6.20 In front of the altar there should be a soleya, usually at least 1.2 m wide, raised by one or several steps relative to the floor level of the middle part of the temple. The floor level of the solea must coincide with the floor level of the altar.

Opposite the Royal Doors, the soleia, as a rule, has a protrusion (pulpit) of a multifaceted or semicircular shape with a radius of the upper step of 0.5-1.0 m.

6.21 In churches with a capacity of more than 300 people, the soleya, as a rule, has a decorative lattice fence with opening parts opposite the doorways of the iconostasis. The width of each sash must be at least 0.8 m.

6.22 On the sides of the solea, as a rule, choirs are built to accommodate church choirs. Their width is taken depending on the capacity of the temple, but should, as a rule, be at least 2.0 m. Choirs, as a rule, are separated from the middle part of the temple by icon cases facing the middle part of the temple.

If it is impossible to place church choirs on the sole or on the mezzanine, fenced platforms can be arranged for them in the middle part of the temple, as a rule, if there are central pillars, on their eastern side.

6.23 Construction and finishing materials must have a hygienic certificate. According to the Orthodox tradition, preference should be given to natural materials, including stone and wood, and their durability, acoustic properties and suitability for subsequent painting should also be taken into account.

According to the degree of responsibility in accordance with SNiP 2.01.07, churches must belong to class 1 with a reliability coefficient for their intended purpose equal to 1.0.

Standard values of uniformly distributed temporary loads on floor slabs, stairs and floors on soils should be taken in relation to clause 4 in Table 3 of SNiP 2.01.07 equal to 400 kgf/m2.

Elements specific to temple architecture, such as arches, vaults and domes, can be made of brick or concrete. In some cases, vaulted roofs can be made using shotcrete over a metal frame. For the installation of tent coverings, the following can be used: brick, wooden or metal structures.

In the middle of the covering of the central part of the temple, side naves and chapels, hooks should be provided for hanging chandeliers and polycadils.

Bell towers and bell towers

middle part

Altar

8.9 Acoustic comfort in churches is ensured by a set of measures for acoustics and protection from external and internal noise.

When designing noise protection measures, the spectral sound pressure levels of permissible noise in accordance with SNiP II-12 should be taken according to the PS-35 curve and the methods and means of noise protection given in this section should be used.

8.10 When selecting sites for the construction of temples, it is necessary to analyze the noise map of the area. The construction of temple buildings and their complexes near objects with increased noise levels (airports, etc.) is not recommended.

8.11 Ventilation chambers, pumping stations, heating points and other premises with equipment that is a source of noise and vibration should not be located adjacent to or above the premises of temples and house churches, as well as premises in church-clergy houses used by Sunday schools, almshouses, and art workshops and other premises with permanent presence of people. Reducing noise and vibration from these sources is achieved by using low-noise equipment, choosing its operating mode, as well as using sound-absorbing structures in rooms with noise sources and installing noise silencers in ventilation systems.

8.12 The selection of optimal parameters for the internal surfaces of temple premises (dimensions, type of finishing) to achieve acoustic comfort should be carried out in accordance with the calculation.

When designing the acoustics of temple premises, one should apply the methods and means used in the acoustic design of auditoriums, taking into account the specifics of the space-planning solution and the functional use of Orthodox churches. When calculating the frequency response of reverberation time, one should take into account the characteristics of acoustic signals transmitted in churches (vocalized or pastoral speech of clergy, choral chants), as well as significant differentiation of acoustic conditions depending on the number and location of parishioners. The volumetric optimum of reverberation should represent a range of permissible deviations from the average value of reverberation time, which is permissible at different degrees of filling the temple.

8.13 When designing churches with a divided internal volume into a central and side naves, a refectory and a vestibule, the sound fields in them should be calculated taking into account the mutual acoustic influence and the non-diffuse nature of the sound fields in individual parts of the temple in accordance with Appendix M. In this case, transient after-sound processes (reverberation) in each individual part of the temple should be calculated separately, taking into account the combination of the following factors:

Functional purpose, degree of filling of each volume;

The ratio of the air volumes of each part of the temple, the area of the openings between them and the area where parishioners can be accommodated;

Acoustic relationship between the total sound absorption funds in individual volumes.

8.14 When using sound amplification systems in churches, their selection and placement of devices must be carried out in accordance with acoustic calculations.

9. Engineering equipment

Heating and ventilation

9.1 In buildings and structures of temple complexes, heating and ventilation should be provided, which must be carried out in accordance with SNiP 2.04.05 and the requirements of this section.

If there are winter and summer temples in the temple complex, the latter may not have a heating system.

9.2 The energy saving requirements adopted for public buildings when designing churches may not be taken into account due to the specific nature of the liturgical use of churches and their design solutions. The heat transfer resistance of the enclosing structures of churches (except for filling openings) R0 must be at least R0(tr), determined according to SNiP II-3 based on sanitary, hygienic and comfortable conditions. In this case, the standard temperature difference Delta_t(n) is taken equal to 0.8 (t_v - t_p), but not more than 4°C.

The resistance to heat transfer of external enclosing structures, the heating and ventilation system must ensure the prevention of condensation on the internal surfaces of the walls and the covering of the temple. In case of possible condensation on the surfaces of window glass, it is necessary to take measures for its collection and disposal.

9.3 The heating system of the temple (water, air, electric, stove) is selected in accordance with the design assignment, depending on its functional purpose and liturgical mode, capacity, space-planning and design solutions, and construction site.

Heat supply to buildings and structures of temple complexes can be carried out from external networks or from their own autonomous heat sources.

9.4 A heating system is provided for all parts of the temple. Separate branches of the heating system should be provided for the temple, church-clergy building, utility block and other buildings that are part of the complex.

When heat is supplied from external networks, depending on local conditions, an individual heating point (IHP) is installed in one of the auxiliary buildings of the temple complex in a specially designated room.

When placing a temple in a building of a public institution, it is possible to install a common ITP and control unit for the temple and the building in which it is built, with separate heat and water meters for the temple.

Heating and ventilation systems for churches built into buildings for various purposes must be designed separately from the systems of these buildings.

9.5 Pipelines for the temple’s water heating system should be laid, as a rule, in underground channels with removable slabs. It is recommended to install heating devices of a water heating system near external walls and under light openings in niches

9.6 In reconstructed churches with a capacity of up to 300 people, it is allowed not to provide a general heating system in the absence of a coolant, if the internal air temperature during off-duty hours does not fall below 8 ° C at the calculated external air temperature of the coldest five days (parameters B). In this case, the air can be reheated with electric air heaters before the start of the service.

It is allowed to create zones of a comfortable microclimate by installing local heat sources, including oil and electric radiators in the altar, on the choir and in the candle kiosk.

9.11 Air mobility in the lower zone of the central part of churches should not exceed 0.3 m/s. Air distributors for mechanical ventilation systems are calculated based on air distribution conditions and acoustics.

9.12 When calculating air exchange in temple premises, the absorption of excess heat emitted by people, burning candles and lamps should be taken into account.

9.13 For churches with a capacity of 600 people or more, it is possible to install reheating heaters in the vestibule, which automatically ensure slight fluctuations in temperature and humidity parameters inside the churches (less than 5°C and 5% relative humidity in 1 hour).

9.14 In churches with a capacity of up to 600 people, natural ventilation without organized mechanical inflow is allowed, provided that the air exchange rate shown in Table 8 is ensured.

It is recommended to use the following as security alarm sensors: alarms for blocking the opening of doors, windows, and vents; sensors for glass breakage, for penetration and for approaching windows.

Alarm networks are designed to be hidden and replaceable in hidden wiring channels in floor preparation and wall grooves. Design solutions must ensure that cables and devices of security alarm and television control systems are inaccessible to unauthorized persons.

Security systems can be combined with automatic fire alarm systems and others in accordance with RD 25.952.

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RELIGIOUS OBJECTS

Fire safety requirements

Moscow
2016

Preface

The goals and principles of standardization in the Russian Federation are established by the Federal Law of June 29, 2016 No. 162-FZ “On Standardization in the Russian Federation”, and the rules for applying sets of rules are established by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation “On approval of the Rules for the development, approval, publication, amendment and cancellation of sets of rules" dated July 1, 2016 No.

Rulebook Details

1 DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the federal state budgetary institution “All-Russian Order of the Badge of Honor” Research Institute of Fire Defense EMERCOM of Russia (FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia)

2 APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by order of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Disaster Relief (EMERCOM of Russia) dated November 23, 2016 No. 615

3 REGISTERED by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology

4 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

Information about revisions or changes to this set of rules, and texts are also posted in a public information system - on the official website of the developer. The relevant information, notification and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the federal executive body in the field of standardization on the Internet (www.gost.ru).

Introduction

The requirements of this set of rules do not apply to objects of protection (including objects of cultural heritage) that were put into operation or design documentation for which was sent for examination before the date of entry into force of the relevant provisions of the Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ “Technical regulations on fire safety requirements."

Fire safety requirements establishing the rules of human behavior, the procedure for organizing production and (or) maintenance of territories, buildings, structures, premises and other objects of religious significance for all categories of objects of protection (including objects of cultural heritage), regardless of the time of their construction, are established by the Fire Safety Rules regime in the Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 No.

SET OF RULES

RELIGIOUS OBJECTS

Fire safety requirements

Buildings for using in religious purposes. Fire safety requirements

Date of introduction 2017-01-01

1 area of use

1.1 This set of rules establishes fire safety requirements for the design and construction of newly constructed and reconstructed buildings, structures and premises of religious facilities.

1.2 This set of rules does not apply to the design of religious facilities temporarily located in prefabricated and other similar buildings.

1.3 This set of rules does not apply to the design of religious facilities with a height of more than 50 m, determined in accordance with regulatory documents in the field of fire safety, taking into account their underground placement, as well as co-location with religious objects.

1.4 This set of rules does not apply to buildings of religious veneration (pilgrimage), as well as to residential premises when services and other religious rites and ceremonies are performed in them. Fire safety requirements for the named residential premises are established in accordance with their functional fire hazard class.

1.5 In relation to buildings in which educational activities are carried out by religious educational organizations, subject to licensing in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as in relation to buildings intended for teaching religion, the fire safety requirements established for buildings of educational organizations are applied.

2 Normative references

Note - If there is an entrance for fire departments along the stylobate, the height of the building will be determined from the coverage of the passage along the stylobate. The height of bell towers and minarets that are not intended to accommodate observation platforms is not taken into account when determining the height of a building. The height of the building is determined by the height of the window sill of the window opening of the last level in use with permanent occupancy, except for bell towers and minarets.

4 General requirements

4.1 This set of rules discusses fire protection issues and establishes fire safety requirements for religious facilities of religious organizations registered on the territory of the Russian Federation in the prescribed manner. For some faiths, additional requirements are given that take into account the specifics of the structure of buildings and the conduct of religious ceremonies.

4.2 When designing religious buildings, the requirements of regulatory documents in the field of fire safety must be taken into account in accordance with the functional fire hazard class to the extent that does not contradict this set of rules.

5 Fire safety requirements for the placement of buildings and structures. External water supply

5.1 Access for fire trucks to religious sites must be provided in accordance with the requirements of section 8 of SP 4.13130.

A religious building with a width of more than 100 m must be provided with access from all sides, regardless of its height.

5.2 Access for firefighters from ladders (car lifts) must be provided to any premises (along fire passages) with windows, and to the roofs of buildings (with the exception of superstructures - domes, towers, minarets, etc.), taking into account the capabilities of the equipment. The floors of the high-rise part of the religious building with the stylobate must also be provided with access for firefighters from ladders and vehicle lifts. If it is necessary to use stylobate roofs for the access of fire trucks, the stylobate structures must be designed for the appropriate load.

5.3 The height of the gate opening for fire trucks to enter the territory of a religious building (a complex of religious buildings) must be at least 4.5 m, and the width - at least 3.5 m.

5.4 Fire truck entrances must be arranged to fire hydrants and main emergency exits from the building, as well as to the installation sites of external pipes of the internal fire water supply network for connecting fire pumps of vehicles.

5.5 The distance from religious buildings to neighboring buildings and structures, depending on their degree of fire resistance, should be taken in accordance with SP 4.13130.

5.6 The installation of external fire water supply must be provided in accordance with the requirements.

5.7 Water consumption for external fire extinguishing of a religious building should be no less than specified in. For religious buildings with a volume from 25,000 m3 to 150,000 m3, water consumption for external fire extinguishing should be at least 25 l/s.

6 Requirements for space-planning and design solutions

6.1 The degree of fire resistance, the class of structural fire hazard, the permissible height of buildings and the floor area within the fire compartment for religious buildings should be taken in accordance with the requirements of SP 2.13130. The maximum floor for the placement of prayer halls and their permissible capacity should be taken in accordance with Table 1.

6.2 The fire resistance limit of load-bearing structures of balconies, loggias, galleries in prayer halls of buildings of I - III degrees of fire resistance must be at least R45, in prayer halls of IV degree of fire resistance - R15. In prayer halls of IV - V degrees of fire resistance, placing visitors on balconies, loggias, and galleries is not allowed.

The degree of fire resistance of the building, not lower	Structural fire hazard class of the building, not lower	The maximum floor for placing a prayer hall in a building, no higher	Maximum permissible capacity of the prayer hall, persons.
			not standardized




IV, V

Note - In buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance of structural fire hazard classes not lower than C1, the maximum floor for placing prayer halls with a capacity of less than 50 people is not standardized.

6.3 It is not allowed to build into religious buildings of IV - V degrees of fire resistance and attach premises for other purposes to them, with the exception of premises and structures necessary to notify the beginning of prayer (bell towers, bell towers, minarets, etc.), with no more than 5 people, as well as with the exception of other premises (except for functional fire hazard class F5) with a total number of people more than 15 people. Premises of functional fire hazard class F5 can be built into the specified religious buildings and attached to them in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents on fire safety.

6.4 The number of floors and requirements for the placement of premises on underground and ground floors should be determined in accordance with SP 118.13330. The number of storeys of a religious building does not include the number of tiers of attached or built-on parts of the building without permanent occupancy of people (bell tower, belfry, minaret, etc.), with the exception of the case of possible simultaneous occupancy of more than 5 people (observation deck), as well as balconies and galleries with an area of less than 40 % of the floor area of the room.

6.5 Religious buildings of IV - V degrees of fire resistance can have no more than one floor, buried below the planning level of the ground by more than 0.5 m. No more than 20 people are allowed to stay on this floor at the same time.

6.6 Placing a prayer hall with a total capacity of no more than 300 people below the planning level of the ground is allowed in religious buildings of I - III degrees of fire resistance. In this case, the location of the prayer hall should be no lower than the basement floor, and in the absence of a basement and the presence of underground floors, no lower than the first underground floor. If there is a basement floor recessed by more than 0.5 m, the placement of the prayer hall can be provided no lower than this basement floor. The placement of premises other than the main functional purpose in the basement, basement, underground floors is permitted in accordance with the requirements of fire safety regulations.

6.7 Basement and underground floors, as well as basement floors buried more than 0.5 m, with the exception of premises for religious ceremonies, must be divided into compartments and provided with separate evacuation and emergency exits in accordance with the requirements of fire safety regulations.

Functional communication of premises located on the first or ground floor, buried less than 0.5 m (including with a prayer hall), with the premises of the underlying floor may be carried out through a technological staircase, separated by fire partitions of the 1st type at the level the floor below. The specified staircase must have an airlock at the entrance at the level of the underlying floor with air pressure in the event of a fire, or air pressure in the event of a fire must be provided into the staircase. The specified staircase is not taken into account when calculating the parameters of escape routes. When designing an air pressurization system, you should be guided by the requirements of SP 7.13130. It is allowed to provide an open staircase to connect the prayer hall (altar) with the liturgical premises on the floor below, with no more than 15 people occupied at a time.

6.8 The minimum height of prayer halls from floor to ceiling must be at least 3 m. In auxiliary rooms and on the balcony to accommodate the choir, the height of the premises can be reduced to 2.5 m.

The height of all parts of the house church can be the same and correspond to the height of the floor of the building into which the house church is built.

6.9 The use of multi-light spaces and balconies (galleries, etc.) to accommodate more than 15 people is allowed only for prayer halls with a maximum number of levels of no more than two (including the floor of the prayer hall). Balconies for the choir and technological balconies (galleries, etc.) are not taken into account when calculating the number of levels.

6.10 The design of the fire protection system for auxiliary buildings, including those built into a religious building, should be carried out taking into account the fire safety requirements for buildings of the corresponding functional fire hazard class.

6.11 A religious building attached to a building for another functional purpose or built into it must be allocated to a separate fire compartment and provided with separate evacuation exits, except for the cases provided for by this set of rules. In this case, the degree of fire resistance of a religious building must not be lower than the degree of fire resistance of the building to which it is attached (built in).

6.12 House church premises and similar premises with a total capacity of no more than 50 people can be built into buildings for various purposes, with the exception of buildings of class F5, and located on the ground floor, basement floor or in the above-ground part in accordance with the requirements of the table. The specified premises must be separated by fire-resistant floors of the 3rd type, fire-resistant walls of the 2nd type (or fire-resistant partitions of the 1st type) with appropriate filling of the openings and provided with independent evacuation exits.

In the halls of airports and train stations, it is allowed to place house churches in a part of the hall separated by mobile partitions with a non-standardized fire resistance limit. In this case, the remaining requirements of fire safety regulations must be met.

6.13 Premises and buildings for auxiliary purposes can be located on the site of the religious building complex in the stylobate part, or can be attached or built into the religious building.

6.14 Auxiliary premises and groups of premises for various purposes, functionally connected with a religious building, may be built into religious buildings or attached to them, taking into account the requirements of regulatory documents on fire safety and the requirements of sections of this set of rules.

6.15 Premises (groups of premises) for various functional purposes, with the exception of prayer halls, with a total capacity of more than 50 people and premises for round-the-clock stay of people (hotels, cell rooms, etc.) with a total number of simultaneously staying more than 20 people should be designed in separate buildings, or be separated into independent fire compartments.

6.16 Premises (groups of premises) intended for teaching religion and (or) cultural and educational activities with a total capacity of more than 15 people, built into a religious building, must be located on above-ground floors, have natural light and be separated into a separate block by fire partitions of the 1st type and fire-resistant floors of the 3rd type, having at least two independent evacuation exits from each floor.

Placing premises specifically designed for children in the basement is not permitted.

6.17 Entrance doors to storerooms for storing lamp oil in quantities of more than 20 liters must be equipped with thresholds at least 2 cm high.

6.18 Exits to the roof may be provided from the bell tower (belfry) if there is a staircase leading to it with a flight width of at least 1.2 meters through an opening measuring at least 1.50×0.75 meters.

6.19 In buildings of I - III degrees of fire resistance of structural fire hazard class C0, the structures of roofs and domes (rafter systems, sheathing, insulation), separated from the rest of the building by floors with a fire resistance limit of at least REI 45, are allowed to be made of combustible materials. In this case, access to the roof and installation of roof fences is not required.

Laying electrical networks, with the exception of lightning protection, in the above structures is not allowed.

7 Ensuring safe evacuation and saving people in case of fire

7.1 The premises of prayer halls must have at least two emergency exits in the event of:

Simultaneous stay of more than 50 people;

Simultaneous stay of more than 15 people in religious buildings built into buildings of class F1.1 or located on their territory.

7.2 Religious buildings (with the exception of house churches) built into buildings for other functional purposes must be provided with separate emergency exits.

7.3 Premises and groups of premises for other functional purposes, built into a religious building or attached to it, must be provided with emergency exits in accordance with the requirements of sections, this set of rules and regulatory documents on fire safety.

7.4 Floors of a religious building, buried more than 0.5 m, must have emergency exits separate from the upper floors. At the same time, floors buried by more than 0.5 m, in which premises for religious purposes are located, as a rule, must be provided with separate evacuation exits from floors with premises for other purposes (including from underlying floors). It is allowed to provide common staircases with one underlying floor intended only for laying utility networks.

7.5 The finishing of the walls, ceilings and floors of the prayer hall, as well as escape routes, should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of regulatory legal acts and fire safety regulations.

7.6 The greatest distance from any point of the prayer hall without the estimated number of seats to the nearest emergency exit should be taken according to Table 2.

Table 2.

Fire resistance level of the building		Distance, m, in halls with a volume of 10 3 m 3
		up to 5	from 5 to 10	from 10
I, II

	C0, C1
	C0, C1
	C2-C3
	C1-C3

Note - A dash in the table means an unacceptable combination of the specified volume of the hall, the degree of fire resistance and the structural fire hazard class of the building.

7.7 When combining evacuation passages into a common passage, its width must be no less than the total width of the combined passages.

7.8 The width of emergency exits from a prayer hall without an estimated number of seats is determined by the number of people evacuating through the exit according to Table 3, and it must be at least 1.2 m for a hall with a capacity of more than 50 people in a building of any degree of fire resistance.

Table 3

Fire resistance level of the building	Structural fire hazard class of the building	Number of people per 1 m of emergency exit width, people, in halls with a volume of 10 3 m 3
		up to 5	from 5 to 10	from 10
I, II

	C0, C1
	C0, C1
	C2-C3
	C1-C3

7.9 The width of the emergency exit from the corridor to the stairwell, as well as the width of the flights of stairs, should be set depending on the number of evacuees through this exit based on 1 m of the exit width, the degree of fire resistance and the class of structural fire hazard in accordance with Table 4. In this case, the width of the flights stairs leading to floors with a prayer hall and intended for parishioners must be at least 1.35 m.

Table 4

Degree fire resistance of the building	Structural fire hazard class of the building	Number of people per 1 m width of emergency exit, people
I, II

	C0, C1
	C0-C3
	C1-C3

7.10 The parameters of evacuation routes and exits from prayer halls with the estimated number of seats must be determined by calculation.

Evacuation routes from prayer halls must ensure the conditions for safe evacuation of people in case of fire: the sum of the estimated evacuation time tp and start time of evacuation tne must be less than the required evacuation time t n. At the same time, the width of emergency exits from a prayer hall with a capacity of more than 50 people must be at least 1.2 m, the width of the flights of stairs leading to the prayer halls and intended for parishioners must be at least 1.35 m.

Time t n defined as 0.8 tbl, Where tbl- time of blocking evacuation routes from the hall, tbl is established by calculation in accordance with the methodology.

If it is not possible to determine tbl by calculation it is allowed to take the value t n according to table 5, taking into account the requirements of subsection 6.1 SP 1.13130.

The required evacuation time from the building as a whole should be no more than 6.5 minutes.

Table 5

Hall volume, thousand m3	Required evacuation time, t n, min
up to 5
from 5 to 10
from 10 to 20
from 20 to 25
from 25 to 40
from 40 to 60
from the building as a whole

Estimated time for evacuation of people in case of fire t r and start time of evacuation tne must be determined in accordance with the methodology.

7.11 The clear width of the main emergency exits from the religious building to the adjacent territory must be at least 1.2 m.

7.12 The width of the entrance vestibule to a religious building must exceed the width of the doorway by at least 0.15 m on each side, and the depth of the vestibule must exceed the width of the door leaf by at least 0.2 m.

7.13 The installation of thresholds with a height of more than 2 cm in doorways of evacuation exits from places of worship is not allowed.

7.14 The width of the external staircase at the entrance to a religious building must be at least 2.2 m, and platforms with a height of more than 0.45 m from the ground level, located at the entrances to religious buildings, must have fences at least 0.9 m high.

7.15 At facilities with simultaneous occupancy of more than 50 people, evacuation lighting must be provided in accordance with the requirements of SP 31-110 and SP 52.13330.

7.16 Evacuation from structures intended to announce the start of prayer (bell towers, belfries, minarets), with no more than 5 people staying at the same time, can be carried out using a spiral staircase with a width of at least 0.7 m. When organizing an observation deck with one exit, its capacity may be provided no more than 30 people. The staircase intended for evacuation from the observation deck must have direct access to the outside and comply with the requirements of fire safety regulations.

For a belfry located at a height of no more than 28 m, not intended to accommodate an observation deck, it is allowed to provide access to the lower room, provided with emergency exits in accordance with the requirements of the standards or this set of rules, via a vertical or ordinary staircase through a fire hatch with dimensions no less than 0.6×0.8 m or a door with dimensions of at least 1.50×0.75 m. The height of the climb on a vertical ladder should not exceed 2 m, and on a regular ladder - 5 m. The fire resistance limit of a hatch in buildings I - II degrees of fire resistance must be no less than EI 60, in buildings of III - V degrees of fire resistance - no less than EI 30.

7.17 From a balcony not intended to accommodate parishioners, with no more than 15 people staying at a time, it is allowed to provide one emergency exit. The specified exit may be provided via an open staircase made of non-combustible materials directly into the prayer hall. It is allowed to provide the specified stairs made of combustible materials in buildings of IV and V degrees of fire resistance. In buildings of I - III degrees of fire resistance, it is allowed to provide wooden stairs treated with fire retardant compounds of the first group of fire retardant efficiency in accordance with GOST. In this case, measures must be taken to protect the steps from abrasion through the use of special coatings. The width of the flights of stairs must be at least 0.8 m. If there are no more than 10 people on the balcony at the same time, the open staircase can be made with a spiral or winder steps. In this case, the width of the tread in the middle should be at least 0.18 m.

7.18 The doors of emergency exits, as a rule, should open in the direction of evacuation, except in cases specified in fire safety regulations. The direction of door opening is not standardized for premises intended only to accommodate clergy and religious personnel during worship.

7.19 When calculating the parameters of evacuation routes and emergency exits, the number of worshipers in religious buildings should be taken:

for prayer halls of religious buildings with an estimated number of visitors - based on the number of seats plus the number of people determined on the basis of 0.8 m2 of prayer hall area per person, not occupied by equipment;

for prayer halls of religious buildings with an unreasonable number of visitors - at the rate of 0.5 m2 of prayer hall area per person, including the area occupied by equipment;

for the altar - based on 5 m2 of altar area per person, including the area occupied by equipment;

for other premises - in accordance with the functional purpose of these premises.

The area of auxiliary premises, as well as part of the area of the prayer hall not intended to accommodate worshipers, are not taken into account when determining the number of people in a religious building.

When calculating the number and parameters of evacuation exits from the prayer hall, exits to the outside from premises intended only to accommodate clergy are not taken into account.

7.20 If, based on the characteristics of the worship service, the exit of parishioners from a religious building cannot be through the entrance doors, it is not allowed to take into account the entrances to the religious building when determining the number and width of emergency exits.

7.21 It is allowed for the staircase leading to the belfry (bell tower) to the bell ringer’s workplace or to the level for accommodating the choir (no more than 15 people), to provide natural lighting through light openings with a total area of at least 0.6 m2.

7.22 Requirements for escape routes and emergency exits not specified in this set of rules should be adopted in accordance with SP 1.13130.

8 Fire safety engineering systems

8.1 General requirements

8.1.1 Religious buildings must be equipped with fire safety engineering systems in accordance with the requirements of this section, regulations and fire safety regulations.

8.1.2 In the absence of the technical possibility of equipping religious buildings with fire safety engineering systems in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents on fire safety (the difficulty of installing fire detectors in a double-height or under-dome space, the impossibility of providing for measures to remove smoke from a double-height or under-dome space due to lack of access for maintenance, etc.) it is necessary to provide for a fire risk calculation in accordance with the methodology to confirm the condition of compliance of the protected object with fire safety requirements.

8.2 Requirements for internal fire water supply

8.2.1 Internal fire water supply in a religious building should be provided for building volumes of 7500 m 3 or more.

The need to install an internal fire-fighting water supply and water consumption for buildings divided into parts by fire walls of types I and II is determined by the characteristics of that part of the building where the greatest water consumption is required.

In religious buildings of structural fire hazard class C0, it is allowed not to provide for the installation of fire hydrants in prayer halls (with the exception of prayer halls with an iconostasis made of flammable materials).

The number of fire nozzles and water consumption for internal fire extinguishing of parts of a building for other functional purposes, allocated to an independent fire compartment, should be provided in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents for protection objects of the corresponding class of functional fire hazard.

8.2.2 For a religious building, the minimum water consumption for internal fire extinguishing should be taken according to Table 6.

Table 6

8.2.3 For internal extinguishing of domes and sub-dome structures made of flammable materials (with the exception of buildings of IV and V degrees of fire resistance, as well as buildings with a prayer hall volume of less than 7.5 thousand m 3), it is necessary to install dry pipes with deluge sprinklers, equipped pipes brought out to the outside, equipped with connection heads GM 80 for connecting fire fighting equipment. The flow rate and intensity of irrigation of the protected area, as well as the duration of water supply, should be taken as for the 1st group of premises in accordance with the requirements of SP 5.13130. It is allowed not to equip the specified dry pipes with pipes leading outside when combined with an internal fire-fighting water supply system. In this case, the total flow required for both systems must be ensured, and the connection of dry pipes to the internal fire water supply must be carried out through a shut-off device with automatic or manual start. Manual release devices should be located near emergency exits from the prayer hall.

Under-dome spaces separated from the rest of the building by fireproof ceilings (in accordance with the degree of fire resistance of the building) may not be equipped with a fire extinguishing system. In this case, openings in the specified ceilings must be filled with fire hatches with a fire resistance rating of at least EI 30.

8.2.4 The installation of internal fire water supply should be provided in accordance with the requirements of SP 10.13130.

8.2.5 In the premises of prayer halls in buildings of structural fire hazard class C0, the height of the compact part of the jet may be taken taking into account the provision of irrigation of the upper part of the iconostasis or building structures made of flammable materials.

8.3 Heating, ventilation and smoke protection

8.3.1 Fire safety measures for heating, ventilation and smoke protection systems must be provided in accordance with the requirements of SP 7.13130.

8.3.2 The possibility of using stove heating and its characteristics should be provided in accordance with the requirements of SP 7.13130.

8.3.3 To protect the prayer hall, it is allowed to provide exhaust smoke ventilation systems with natural draft induction through shafts with fire-prevention normally closed valves or smoke hatches (including as part of skylights or light drum windows) located on the roof of the prayer hall, regardless of the number of floors the building itself. To compensate for the removed volume with supply air, external exit doorways that open automatically and remotely in case of fire can be used.

8.4 Automatic fire alarm, automatic fire extinguishing, fire warning and evacuation control systems

8.4.1. The need to equip buildings with automatic fire alarms and automatic fire extinguishing installations, as well as the requirements for them, are determined by SP 5.13130.

8.4.2. When choosing detectors, you should take into account the specific use of the premises (use of incense, candles, etc.)

8.4.3 Religious buildings must be equipped with fire warning systems. The type of warning system is determined in accordance with paragraphs 6 or 7 of Table 2 SP 3.13130 depending on the type of religious building (with or without the estimated number of seats for visitors). SO 153-34.21.122 Instructions for the installation of lightning protection of buildings, structures and industrial communications

Head of the developer organization:

Acting chief

FSBI VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia

D.M. Gordienko

Topic leader:

Head of Sector

FSBI VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia

A.S. Baranovsky

Performers:

Chief Researcher

FSBI VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia

IN AND. Additives

Researcher

FSBI VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia

The buildings, structures and complexes of orthodox temples

Date of introduction 1999-12-27

Preface

1 DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Architectural and Artistic Design and Restoration Center of the Moscow Patriarchate ACC "Archtemple"

DEVELOPERS: architect. M.Yu. Kesler - topic leader; architect A.N. Obolensky (ACC "Archtemple") with the participation of: Ph.D. architect A.M.Garnets (Institute of Public Buildings), Ph.D. architect L.A. Viktorova (Federal Scientific and Technical Center for Construction Certification), Ph.D. tech. Sciences V.G. Gagarin, Ph.D. Sciences H.A.Shchirzhetsky (NIISF)

3 INTRODUCED for the first time

1 area of use

2 Normative references

The list of regulatory documents referenced in the Code of Practice is given in Appendix A.

When excluding from the existing normative documents referred to in this Code of Rules, one should be guided by the norms introduced to replace the excluded ones.

3 Terms and definitions

Terms and definitions are given in Appendix B.

4 General provisions

4.1 This Code of Rules was developed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 10-01 and is valid in development of SNiP 2.08.02.

4.2 Clauses of this Code of Rules marked with “*” are mandatory.

The provisions in bold are mandatory according to church requirements.

4.3 Complexes of Orthodox churches, in accordance with their functional purpose, are divided into diocesan centers, spiritual missions, parish and monastic complexes, and into churches as part of complexes, buildings and structures for public and residential purposes. Their location, approximate composition, main and additional set of buildings, structures and premises for liturgical and auxiliary purposes are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

View of the complex			Buildings, structures and premises				Note
			liturgical purposes		auxiliary purpose
			Basic (capacity)	Additional	Basic	Additional

Diocesan center		City center	Cathedral (2-5 thousand people)	Epiphany Bell Tower House Church	Diocesan Administration of the Church- post house Household services, including garage	Theological school Sunday school Editorial office of the publishing house Bishop's House Church shop
Orthodox mission		Within the residential area of the city	Temple (up to 100 people)	Epiphany	Church and parish house Household services Church shop	Sunday school Hotel Residential buildings Parish
Parish complex	Urban	Center of the planning area	Temple (450-1500 people)	Epiphany Chapel	Church and parish house Household services Church shop	Sunday School (Gymnasium) Hotel Almshouse Medical center Residential buildings of the clergy	Detailed composition of the parish complex, see table. 3
	Rural	Rural settlement center	(100-300 people)	"Summer" temple	Church and parish house Household services	Sunday School Hotel Residential buildings of the clergy
Monastic complex	Monastery	Suburban zone of residential territory Urban area Rural settlement	(100-2000 people)	Refectory Church Hospital Church Gate Church House Church Bell Tower Chapel	Cell building Governor's House Hotel Household. services Church shop	Sunday School Production workshops
		Territory of the monastery Suburban zone Outside populated areas	Temple (50-100 people) Chapel		Cell buildings Household services
	Compound	Urban area Rural settlement	Temple (100-600 people)		Cell building Hotel Adm. Household services Church services shop	Viceroy's Corps Sunday School Workshops Warehouse
	Cemetery	Cemetery entrance area	(100-900 people) Chapel		Church and parish house Household Church services shop	Production workshops
	Memorial Complex	Memorial zone of residential territory Suburban zone	Temple (50-300 people) Chapel	Belfry	Premises: Church clergy; Household
As part of complexes and public buildings	Social institutions, medical institutions	Territory of the institution Built into institutional buildings (top floor)	Temple (50-100 people) Chapel		Church clergy premises		Auxiliary premises are built in
	Educational establishments	Built into educational buildings (top floor)	Temple (100-500 people) Chapel
	Military units	Territory of the part	Temple (100-300 people) Chapel
	Places of detention	Territory of the zone, prison	Temple (100-300 people) Chapel
In residential buildings	Residential buildings	Built into residential buildings	House Church Chapel

4.4 The capacity of churches is determined by calculation based on the size and demographic composition of the population served in accordance with the methodology set out in Appendix D. The estimated capacity of city parish churches is given in Table 2.

table 2

4.5 The most common type of temple complex is the parish one. An approximate list of groups of buildings, structures and premises of parish church complexes, which can be reduced or supplemented in the design assignment, is given in Table 3.

Table 3

Purpose of groups of buildings, structures and premises	List of buildings, structures and premises	measurements	Quantity

Liturgical	Temple (with 1-3 chapels), including summer and winter
	Bell tower (belfry)
	Epiphany

Service and household	Church and clergy house	m
	Hotel
	Residential buildings of the clergy	apartment
Educational	Sunday School
	Gymnasium
	Library
Charitable	Almshouse
	Medical Center	visits/day
	Mother and child room
	Refectory	fast. places
Household	Church shop (kiosk, store)	m
	Prosphora	m
	Art workshops	m

		m

4.8* Design of fire protection of buildings, structures and complexes of Orthodox churches, as well as compliance with fire safety regulations during their construction, reconstruction and repair must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 21-01, NPB 108, PPB 01 and other current norms and rules.

SP 31-103-99
CODE OF RULES FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES AND COMPLEXES OF ORTHODOX TEMPLES
The buildings, structures and complexes of orthodox temples

Date of introduction 1999-12-27

PREFACE

1 DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Architectural and Artistic Design and Restoration Center of the Moscow Patriarchate ACC "Archtemple"
DEVELOPERS: architect. M.Yu. Kesler - topic leader; architect A.N. Obolensky (ACC "Archtemple") with the participation of: Ph.D. architect A.M.Garnets (Institute of Public Buildings), Ph.D. architect L.A. Viktorova (Federal Scientific and Technical Center for Construction Certification), Ph.D. tech. Sciences V.G. Gagarin, Ph.D. Sciences H.A.Shchirzhetsky (NIISF)

3 INTRODUCED for the first time

1 AREA OF USE

The list of regulatory documents referenced in the Code of Practice is given in Appendix A.
When excluding from the existing normative documents referred to in this Code of Rules, one should be guided by the norms introduced to replace the excluded ones.

3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

Terms and definitions are given in Appendix B.

4 GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1 This Code of Rules was developed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 10-01 and is valid in development of SNiP 2.08.02.
4.2 Clauses of this Code of Rules marked with “*” are mandatory.
The provisions in bold are mandatory according to church requirements.
4.3 Complexes of Orthodox churches, in accordance with their functional purpose, are divided into diocesan centers, spiritual missions, parish and monastic complexes, and into churches as part of complexes, buildings and structures for public and residential purposes. Their location, approximate composition, main and additional set of buildings, structures and premises for liturgical and auxiliary purposes are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Item No. Type of complex Recommended placement on residential territory 3 buildings, structures and premises Note
liturgical purposes auxiliary purposes
Basic (capacity) Additional Basic Additional
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 Diocesan center City center Cathedral (2-5 thousand people) Chapel
Epiphany Bell Tower
House Church Diocesan Administration Church
post house
Household services, including a garage Theological school Sunday school Editorial office of the publishing house Bishop's House
Church shop

2 Orthodox mission Within the residential area of the city Temple (up to 100 people) Baptism
Household services Church shop Sunday school Hotel Residential buildings clergy
3 Parish complex City Center of the planning area Temple (450-1500 people) Baptism Chapel Church and parish house
Household services Church shop Sunday school
(Gymnasium) Hotel Almshouse Medical center
Residential buildings of the clergy Detailed composition of the parish complex, see table. 3
4 Rural Center of rural settlement Temple
(100-300 people) "Summer" temple
Chapel Church and Parish House
Household services Sunday school Hotel
Residential buildings of the clergy
5 Monastyrsky
Monastery complex Suburban residential area Urban area
Rural settlement Temple
(100-2000 people) Refectory Church Hospital Church
Gate Church House Church Bell Tower Chapel
Cell building
Governor's House Hotel Household. services Church shop Sunday school
Production workshops
6 Skete Territory of the monastery Suburban area
Outside populated areas Temple (50-100 people) Chapel Chapel Cell buildings
Household services
7
Podvorye Urban District
Rural settlement Temple (100-600 people) Chapel Cell building Hotel Adm. Household services Church services Shop Viceroy's Corps Sunday School Workshops Warehouse
Garage

8 As part of complexes and public buildings Cemetery Entrance area of cemeteries Temple
(100-900 people) Chapel Chapel Church and parish house
Household Church services shop Production workshops
9
Memorial complex Memorial zone of residential area Suburban zone Temple (50-300 people) Chapel Belfry Premises:
-church clergy;
- economic
10 As part of complexes and buildings for public purposes Social institutions, medical institutions Territory of the institution Built into institutional buildings (top floor) Temple (50-100 people) Chapel Premises of the church clergy Auxiliary premises built-in
11 Educational institutions Built into educational buildings (top floor) Temple (100-500 people) Chapel Same Same
12 Military units Territory of the unit Temple (100-300 people) Chapel " "
13 Places of detention Zone territory, prisons Temple (100-300 people) Chapel " "
14 In residential buildings Residential buildings Built into residential buildings House church Chapel

table 2

Estimated population, thousand people Capacity of the temple, people.
60 450
120 900
200 1500
Note. The capacity indicator corresponds to the attendance of the temple on holidays (for regions with a predominantly Orthodox population).

Table 3

Purpose of groups of buildings, structures and premises List of buildings, structures and premises Unit
measurements Quantity
1 2 3 4
Liturgical Temple (with 1-3 chapels), including summer and winter people. 100-1500
Bell tower (belfry) tier 1-3
Baptism m 30-150
Chapel people 1-20
Service and household buildings Church and clergy house m Up to 1000
Hotel pers. " 20
Residential buildings clergy apartment 1-3
Educational Sunday school people. Up to 100
Gymnasium " " 300
Library " " 15
Charitable Almshouse people. Up to 20
Medical center visits/day " 30
Mother and child room pers. " 10
Refectory post. seats "20
Household goods Church shop (kiosk, store) m 5-50
Prosfornaya m 20-50
Art workshops m 20-100
Garage car 1-3
Warehouses m Up to 50

4.6* When designing buildings and structures of complexes of Orthodox churches, devices and measures should be provided for convenient access for people with disabilities and their use of premises based on section 4 of SNiP 2.08.02 and VSN 62.
4.7* When reconstructing, restoring and overhauling buildings and structures of Orthodox churches that are historical and cultural monuments, in addition to the requirements specified in the Code of Rules, the requirements of the legislation on the protection and use of historical and cultural monuments should be taken into account.
In the case of new construction in the territories of historical and cultural monuments, design should be carried out on the basis of a plan assignment issued by the Department of State Control and Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments.
4.8* Design of fire protection of buildings, structures and complexes of Orthodox churches, as well as compliance with fire safety regulations during their construction, reconstruction and repair must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 21-01, NPB 108, PPB 01 and other current norms and rules.
4.9* To calculate the total, usable and standardized area, construction volume, building area and number of storeys of buildings and structures of complexes of Orthodox churches, one should be guided by Appendix 3 of SNiP 2.08.02 and Appendix B of this Code of Rules.

5 REQUIREMENTS FOR ACCOMMODATION AND TERRITORY

5.1 Territories for the construction of temple complexes in residential areas are allocated in accordance with general plans, and in their absence, according to development schemes.
Territories for the construction of temple complexes located outside the boundaries of urban and rural settlements are allocated on the basis of projects and regional planning schemes and suburban zone projects.
5.2* In residential areas, buildings, structures and complexes of Orthodox churches should be located on the basis of urban planning assignments, as a rule, near existing utilities and roads, subject to the provision of public passenger transport.
The approaches to churches should not cross the carriageway of main streets at the same level.
5.3 It is recommended to select sites in residential areas taking into account the dominant role of the temple in the formation of the surrounding development: areas with increased relief, oriented along the axes of main roads, taking into account their configuration, the development of neighboring areas, etc., depending on urban planning conditions.
5.4 Monasteries can be located in residential areas or outside the boundaries of urban and rural settlements. Hermitages can be located on the territory of the monastery or on a separate site, including outside the residential area. Monastic metochions can be located in urban and rural settlements.
5.5 It is recommended to take the dimensions of land plots of parish church complexes, including the main buildings and structures for liturgical and auxiliary purposes, based on the specific indicator - 7 m of plot area per unit of church capacity.
When constructing temple complexes in areas of crowded urban development, a reduction in the specific indicator of a land plot (m per unit of capacity) is allowed, but not more than by 20-25%.
5.6* Minimum distances between buildings should be taken in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.07.01 and SNiP 21-01.
5.7 The planning of the territories of diocesan centers, spiritual missions, monastic complexes and public complexes, including buildings and structures of Orthodox churches, should be carried out in accordance with the design assignment and urban planning conclusion.
5.8 It is not recommended to place buildings and structures that are not functionally connected to them on the land plots of temple complexes. It is allowed to provide areas next to the land plots of churches for the placement of residential buildings of the church clergy, almshouses, hotels, workshops and economic services. The dimensions of the plots and the range of buildings and structures located on adjacent plots are established by the design assignment. When justified depending on local conditions, residential buildings of the church clergy may be located on the land plots of churches, which should be designed in accordance with SNiP 2.08.01.
5.9 The territory of the temple complex should be divided into functional zones:
- entrance;
- temple;
- auxiliary purposes;
- economic.
An approximate diagram of the master plan of the parish city church complex is given in Appendix D.
5.10 The entrance area should provide access for vehicles and an entrance for parishioners. This zone will provide kiosks and church shops selling church supplies, and places for parishioners to relax. The entrance area should have a connection with the temple area.
5.11 The temple area intended for religious ceremonies must have a direct connection with the entrance and auxiliary areas. In the temple area, buildings of temples, bell towers and belfries, chapels, monuments, water wells, areas for religious events and recreation of parishioners should be provided.
A circular walk around the temple should be provided for the passage of the procession during church holidays, usually from 3 to 5 m wide with platforms up to 6 m wide in front of the side entrances to the temple and opposite the altar.
In front of the main entrance to the temple, located, as a rule, on the western side, an area should be provided at the rate of 0.2 m2 per place in the temple.
The position of the temples is determined by the church requirement that the altar should be oriented in the eastern direction, with a possible displacement within 30° due to the urban planning features of the location of the site.
5.12 Temple buildings should, as a rule, be placed no closer than 3 m from the red building lines to organize a circular walk around the temple. During the reconstruction and construction of churches in areas of crowded urban development, this distance can be reduced, but with the possibility of organizing a circular walk, right up to the red building lines with the procession leaving the temple territory.
5.13 In the temple area, burials are allowed in accordance with the Sanitary Rules for the Construction and Maintenance of Cemeteries. The issue of each burial must be resolved with the participation of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision authorities.
5.14 An auxiliary area intended for organizing parish, educational, charitable and other activities should, as a rule, be associated with the entrance and temple areas. In this zone it is recommended to place a church-parish house, a Sunday school, an almshouse or other buildings and structures in accordance with the design assignment.
The church-parish house, hotel and Sunday school can be separate or interconnected, and sometimes with a temple and a utility block. It is recommended to locate the almshouse adjacent to the green areas of the temple complex. Toilets for parishioners can be located in a separate building or be interconnected with other auxiliary buildings of the temple complex. Restrooms for clergy should be located separately from public restrooms.
5.15 Depending on the urban planning situation, buildings and structures for auxiliary purposes may be located on the temple site in accordance with the functional zoning of the territory, as well as in the stylobate part of the temple or in extensions to it.
5.16 The economic zone of the parish church complex, intended for the placement of economic structures, including warehouses, workshops, a garage for vehicles, a platform for a garbage disposal and an oven for burning memorial notes, must have convenient access from highways (including for firefighters cars) and be equipped with parking for trucks and cars belonging to the temple. The area of the economic zone is determined by the size of buildings and structures for economic purposes, the number of vehicles determined by the design assignment, and is approximately 15% of the area of the site. Access for cargo vehicles should be provided from the economic zone of the temple complex.
In large monastic complexes with a developed system of buildings and structures for economic purposes, when designing an economic zone, SNiP 2.09.02 should be followed.
5.17* On temple land plots, access roads should be provided to the main entrance to the temple, as well as to the main emergency exits from all buildings and structures included in the temple complex.
5.18 The area of the parish church complex is, as a rule, fenced around the entire perimeter. It is recommended that the fence be made of decorative metal bars 1.5-2.0 m high. The main entrance should be located from the approaches and public transport stops, oriented towards the entrance to the temple. If the temple capacity is more than 300 people, a second entrance to the territory should be provided from the economic zone. The dimensions and design of gates in fences must ensure unobstructed passage for wheelchair users and elderly parishioners. Height