Ukrainian Orthodox Church, Tulchin diocese. Tulchin diocese UPTsmovskaya Patriarchate of the Nativity of Christ Cathedral Palace street and Tulchinsky Cathedral at the end of it

The Holy Nativity Cathedral in Tulchin was built at the expense of Count Stanislav Pototsky in 1786-1817 as a Catholic Dominican church with monastic cells. But already in 1832, due to the fact that Podolia finally came out from under Podolian influence, it was transferred to the Orthodox department. By the highest order, “unnecessary Catholic monasteries, which did not correspond to their purpose due to both the small number of monks and the lack of means for subsistence,” were closed. One of the compelling reasons for the conversion of Dominican monasteries in Kamenets, Smotrych, Letichev, Vinnitsa, Bar, Tulchin, Sokolts, Tyrov into parish Catholic and sometimes Orthodox churches was the active participation of the Catholic clergy in the Polish uprising in Podolia.

In October 1835, the former church was consecrated by His Eminence Kirill, Archbishop of Podolsk and Bartslav into the Orthodox Church of the Nativity of Christ. This information was inscribed on a copper plate, which was kept in the temple.

Later, at the expense of the widow of the actual state councilor Alexandra Abaza, a throne was built in the western aisle, which was consecrated in the name of the Holy Trinity on August 20, 1867.

In 1872, there were 928 parishioners of both sexes in the Temple.

On October 1, 1862, by order of the diocesan authorities, the two-story church buildings were transferred along with half of the church land for the premises of a religious school, transferred from the town of Krutykh.

Having admired the palace in Tulchin, we dedicated our next visit here to the city. As I already said, the city of Tulchin itself has a very interesting history and architectural objects. So - the city of Tulchin.

Entrance to the capital of the "Kingdom of Potock"

In front of the gate is the Silnitsa River - the cathedral is visible in the distance

Tulchin on Schubert’s map (late 19th century) At the top right is the Suvorov fortification. Above Tulchin is the village of Nestervarka.

When we were there for the first time the city celebrated its 400th anniversary

As we remember, the date of birth of Tulchin is considered to be 1607; when we were here for the first time, the city was just celebrating its 400th anniversary. It's really very modest. But when exactly Nestervar (Tulchin’s first name) was born is not known for certain. Some historical documents do not tell the events of the early 15th century convincingly enough. in a fortified settlement under different names, identical to the name of the modern suburb of Tulchin - the village of Nestervarki. While renovating a local Catholic church, workers found ceramic tiles with the numbers 1599 engraved on them, which may indicate the date of construction of one of Tulchin's early buildings. The Catholic Cemetery Church is one of the first buildings in Tulchin, where Count Stanislav Potocki, who died in 1805, was buried. The big history of Tulchin nevertheless began after 1609, when the Polish magnate Valenta Kalinovsky became the owner of the city and moved, probably, the very first center of the settlement from the northern bank of the Solonka River (where the village of Nestervarka is now) closer to the Tulchinka River, and his son Adam, having received Tulchin inherited, around 1630 he built a powerful fortress, a church and a monastery here, in the microdistrict of modern buildings of a shoe factory and secondary school No. 1. From here began the reconstruction of the city in all directions and its glorious history. Even then, a trade route passed through Tulchin in the direction of Lutsk - Podolia - Moldova - Crimea. In 1629, the collectors of the “smoke” tax registered 751 “smoke” in the city, which was the basis for its population to be about 4,000 people. On June 20, 1648, a brutal assault on the fortress by the Cossacks of Bohdan Khmelnytsky began. They wanted to destroy the remnants of the Polish troops located in the Tulchin fortress. Three attacks were repulsed and driven back to the borders of the modern village of Kinashev, but the rebels stormed the fortress with such force and fury that the frightened Poles finally agreed to a truce and to the Cossacks’ demands to hand over to them all the Jewish defenders in an amount (according to inaccurate data) of about 2 thousand people who refused to accept the Christian faith. The rebels took possession of the fortress and its treasures, and brutally cut down almost all of the defenders. This event, which thundered throughout Europe for centuries, excited the consciousness of the European community, causing sadness and condemnation. Near the current shoe factory, or secondary school No. 1, there once stood the formidable and majestic walls of the Tulchin fortress.
After the mentioned events and the Haidamachina, the Tulchin land experienced a devastating attack by the Tatars in 1665, and subsequently a large Turkish army in 1672 captured the Podolian cities, including Tulchin, burning them as a sign of revenge for the son of the Turkish Sultan killed in Ladyzhin. The city has been declining for several decades. With the extinction of the Kalinovsky family, Tulchin around 1726 became the property of their relatives - the Potocki, one of the richest and most noble families in Poland, and in 1775 Count Stanislav Felix (Szczęsny) Potocki made Tulchin his family residence, fully satisfying his own ambitions and claims to exceptional greatness and glory. The city begins to flourish and be built, successfully trades and becomes famous. Powerful factories, factories and workshops appear in Tulchin, new breeds of livestock are bred, and the best varieties of fruit and ornamental trees, plants, and flowers are imported.

Palace Street and Tulchinsky Cathedral at the end of it. Then and now.

The Holy Nativity Cathedral in Tulchin was built at the expense of Count Stanislav Pototsky in 1786-1817 as a Catholic Dominican church with monastic cells. It was built by English architects and it was supposed to resemble St. Peter's Cathedral in Rome in miniature. Reminds me?.. The cathedral was built with monastic cells. But already in 1832, after the suppression of the Polish uprising, due to the fact that Podolia finally came out from under Polish influence, it was transferred to the Orthodox department. By the highest order, “unnecessary Catholic monasteries, which did not correspond to their purpose due to both the small number of monks and the lack of means for subsistence,” were closed. One of the compelling reasons for the conversion of Dominican monasteries in Kamenets, Smotrych, Letichev, Vinnitsa, Bar, Tulchin, Sokolts, Tyrov into parish Catholic and sometimes Orthodox churches was the active participation of the Catholic clergy in the Polish uprising in Podolia. In October 1835, the former church was consecrated by His Eminence Kirill, Archbishop of Podolsk and Bratslav into the Orthodox Church of the Nativity of Christ. This information was inscribed on a copper plate, which was kept in the temple. Later, at the expense of the widow of the actual state councilor Alexander Abaza, a throne was built in the western aisle, which was consecrated in the name of the Holy Trinity on August 20, 1867. In 1872, there were 928 souls of parishioners of both sexes in the Temple.
Divine services were held in the large three-altar church until 1928, when “at the request of the workers of Tulchin,” the church, as a house of worship, was closed and converted into a theater. During the German-Romanian occupation of the city (1941-1944), the building was transferred to the church, but already on September 8, 1945, by resolution of the Executive Committee of the Vinnytsia Regional Council No. 1029, the building of the Nativity Church was given back to the city theater and house of culture, and the church the property was transferred to the Holy Assumption Church. Later, a children's and youth sports school was located in the temple building. The temple began operating again in 1991. In the second chapel, on November 11/24, 2004, a throne was consecrated in honor of the Holy Martyr Tsar Nicholas and all the Royal Martyrs and Passion-Bearers and all the New Martyrs of Russia.
Interestingly, there is a legend according to which Szczesny Potocki traveled to the cathedral in a carriage along... an underground passage! It was dug from the palace to the cathedral.

Interior of the temple

The strategically advantageous geographical location of Tulchin on the map of the Russian Empire led to the deployment of Russian troops in the city on its southwestern borders. In March 1796, the great commander, Field Marshal of Russia Alexander Vasilievich Suvorov(1730-1800), appointed commander-in-chief of the 80,000-strong group of Russian troops in Podolia with headquarters in the city of Tulchin. Here he creates and trains the most powerful army in the world, which was already ready to prevent Napoleon's invasion of Russia. The commander lived in one of the rooms of the outbuilding of the Pototsky palace. All the Pototskys' expensive furniture was removed from the room - Suvorov preferred an extremely simple environment - he slept on a trestle bed covered with straw. It was in Tulchin that Suvorov completed his famous work “The Science of Victory,” the classical provisions of which have served military personnel around the world for centuries. Tulchin sacredly preserves everything that is connected here with Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov: training fortifications, then called “Prazhki” and built by Suvorov’s wonderful heroes who were preparing for future victories, and they also dug wells, planted oak trees, built houses where the commander visited. However, “new trends” have already reached Tulchin. On the website www.tulchin.net.ua you can already read about the rivers of blood that the commander “beloved by Muscovites” adored and so on.
In the center of the city there is a monument to the Generalissimo, and one of the central streets is named after Suvorov; the museums contain a valuable and interesting exhibition of objects, weapons, banners, and clothing of those times.

Here again is the connection with Odessa - our monument Catherine the Great and the Tulchin monument to Suvorov - belong to the same author! B. Edwards created a monument to Suvorov, which was then solemnly erected in 1913 on the Rymnik battlefield in the village of Tyrgul Kukuluy, where Suvorov won his brilliant victory and received the prefix to his surname Suvorov-Rymniksky. However, that monument did not stand for long - the Great War began, the Germans were advancing, and they decided to dismantle the monument and move it to Odessa. Everything was done under the supervision of the sculptor himself, and the equestrian statue of Suvorov lay for almost ten years in the Edwards foundry. Later, the monument was erected near the Odessa Art Museum.
In 1946, at the request of the citizens of the city of Izmail, the monument was transported to Izmail and installed near the remains of the walls of the Turkish fortress conquered by Suvorov, where it stands to this day in the same form in which it was erected in 1913 in Targul Kukuluy. Only the reins of the bridle of the commander’s horse are lost and the bas-reliefs that decorated his base are missing. Some of them are in museums of the Soviet Union.
It was according to the model of our Odessa sculptor Edurds that the monument to Suvorov was cast and erected in Tulchin in 1954.

Suvorov, sitting on a horse, looks straight at the Pototsky palace. He was there..)

Tulchinskaya fire station against the backdrop of the cathedral

In 1797, Suvorov fell out of favor with the new Emperor Paul I was removed from command and sent to his Novgorod estate. Some historical sources claim the fact of Suvorov’s farewell to the soldiers of his beloved Phanagorean regiment in the center of the city of Tulchin, when the commander came out to the soldiers in a simple grenadier uniform with all his awards and addressed moving words of farewell, from which tears appeared in the eyes of the courageous and brave warriors. The soldiers touchingly and lovingly said goodbye to their favorite as a father and friend. The further history of the city was also closely connected with the Russian army. In 1806, the 2nd corps of the cavalry general was stationed in Tulchin Baron K.I. Meyendorff, appointed for the war with the Turks and the occupation of the Moldavian principalities. Meyendorff's adjutant was a handsome and stately 37-year-old lieutenant of the Siversky Dragoon Regiment, a famous writer. When the Russian-Turkish War began, the regiment in which he served was sent to the theater of war; here, throughout the war, Kotlyarevsky kept, on behalf of the regimental superiors, the “Journal of Military Actions” (the manuscript of this “Journal” has reached us), took part in the siege of Bendery and Izmail, and in December 1806 he went, risking his life, to persuade the Budzhak Tatars to peaceful joining Russia. For this feat he was awarded the Order of Anna, 3rd degree; further, during the same war, Kotlyarevsky “distinguished himself by being fearless” during the double siege of the Izmail fortress, for which he was twice honored to receive royal favor. The author of the famous "Aeneid" is now considered a Ukrainian writer, which he probably had no idea about. Immediately after writing the Aeneid, he was elected an honorary member of the Kharkov and then St. Petersburg associations of lovers of... Russian literature. Kotlyarevsky himself called the first author’s edition of the poem, which by that time was already famous thanks to “pirate” printing, “Virgil’s Aeneid, translated into the Little Russian language by I. Kotlyarevsky.” And the next edition was accompanied by a “Dictionary of Little Russian words contained in the Aeneid.” For his literary and educational activities, Ivan Petrovich received a diamond ring from the “hated regime”, was promoted to the rank of major and elected chairman of the Little Russian noble (and by no means “gentry”, as children are taught) assembly. During the author's lifetime alone, The Aeneid was published 27 times. A copy of the "Aeneid" with the author's inscription was kept by Alexander I. And without an autograph - his less fortunate opponent Napoleon Bonaparte. I wouldn’t write, but when you read modern textbooks, it makes you sick

Count Pyotr Christianovich Wittgenstein.
Portrait by F. Kruger

In 1814-1815, the Second Russian Army, covered with the glory of victories over Napoleon, returned from Europe to Podolia. In 1818 it came under the command of the General of the Infantry Count Pyotr Khristoforovich Wittgenstein with headquarters based in Tulchin. Peter Vitginstein, “Savior of Petersburg” - it was he who defeated Marshal Oudinot in the battle near Klyastitsy, heading towards the Northern capital. Later in 1812 he broke Marshal of Saint-Cyr and then the combined forces of Saint-Cyr and Marshal Victor. Recognizing his victories in the Patriotic War, Alexander I appoints him, after the death of Kutuzov, as commander-in-chief of the entire Russian army. Having been seriously wounded in one of the battles, he left command that same year. In 1818, he took command of the 2nd Army and came to Tulchin, where he apparently stayed until 1828, when he left for the war with Turkey. In 1826, Nicholas I awarded him the rank of Field Marshal. “During the command of the Second Army, he lived more on his estate, located 70 versts from Tulchin, and was enthusiastically engaged in farming, reluctantly devoting the shortest time to official matters. In general, everyone loved him, and he was ready to do good to everyone, without exception, often even to the detriment of service,” wrote the adjutant of the chief of staff of the Second Russian Army, the Decembrist Nikolay Basargin
Been to Tulchin and the famous Denis Davydov, hero of 1812. Here's what you can find out about his stay in Tulchin: - "... Denis Vasilyevich has seen a different situation so far only in Tulchin, in the main apartment Pavel Dmitrievich Kiselev.(Chief of Staff of the 2nd Army, friend of Denis Davydov - S.K.)
Here, active, highly educated and possessing extraordinary abilities gathered around the liberal-minded commander, among whom the adjutant of the commander-in-chief, the big-headed Lieutenant Colonel Pestel, who was awarded for the battle of Borodino with a golden sword with the inscription “For Bravery”, attracted attention with his knowledge and other merits; senior adjutant Kiselyov, captain of the quartermaster unit Ivan Grigorievich Burtsov, whom Davydov knew somewhat from St. Petersburg; the handsome, hairy-eyed cavalry captain Ivashev; concentrated and thoughtful, young warrant officer Nikolai Basargin, who recently arrived in the army. Davydov got along with all of them surprisingly quickly. Both frank conversations with them and lively debates were true joy for his soul.
And it was all the more painful for Davydov to return to Kremenchug, where the dull gloom of the fairly disgusted government-paper service fell upon him again. Somehow there were no people close to his beliefs and interests in the 3rd building. " *

* G. Serebryakov. Denis Davydov. MOSCOW, "Young Guard" 1985

Second Army barracks building

The building better known as the Barracks of the 2nd Russian Army in Tulchin. In the well-known 4-volume book “Monuments of Urban Planning and Architecture of the Ukrainian SSR” (edited by Zharikov) it is written that this is the New Potocki Palace, built in 1782. The outbuildings were originally one-story. And previously there was an underground passage from the New Palace to the Old Palace. And it is written that it was here that Suvorov lived. It turns out that Suvorov lived in the Old Palace, and in the New, and in Timanovka... What an eldest, he ripened everywhere. May Alexander Vasilievich forgive me). Who to believe and where did Suvorov live when he was in Tulchin?...
Theoretically, it can be assumed that Szczesny Potocki donated one of his palaces for the needs of the Russian army in order to emphasize his loyalty to Russia. They were rebuilt by captured French soldiers in 1815 into barracks, by order of Alexander I. Therefore, the original layout has not been preserved.

There is a bust of Generalissimo Suvorov in front of the entrance.

Now here is a veterinary (!) technical school...

At the same time, the colonel appears in Tulchin Pavel Pestel. While participating in the Patriotic War, he was wounded near Vilna (1812); upon recovery, he became adjutant to Count Wittgenstein, distinguished himself in the battles of Leipzig, Bar-sur-Aube and Troyes; later, together with Count Wittgenstein, he lived in Tulchin, from where he traveled to Bessarabia to collect information about the indignation of the Greeks against the Turks and for negotiations with the ruler of Moldavia (1821). In 1822, he was transferred as a colonel to the completely disorganized Vyatka infantry regiment and within a year brought it into order. Alexander I himself, examining it in September 1823, said: “excellent, like a guard,” and granted Pestel 3,000 acres of land. But is this the main thing in Pestel? Participating in Masonic lodges since 1816, Pestel was one of the founders of the Union of Salvation, but soon transferred his activities to the Southern Secret Society. Possessing great intelligence, versatile knowledge and the gift of speech (as almost all his contemporaries unanimously testify to), Pestel soon became the head of society. In Tulchin, the Tulchin government of the secret society was organized. It was Pestel who was the author of "Russian Truth" - the Decembrist manifesto. When the Decembrist rebellion began, Pestel had a clear plan of action - These days Pestel is meeting with the general Sergei Volkonsky, and they decide that on January 1, 1826 they can begin to act. On this day, the Vyatka regiment was supposed to go on guard at the main apartment in Tulchin. The route to St. Petersburg had already been laid out, food was stocked, and on January 1 it was possible, having arrested the commander and chief of staff of the 2nd Army, to move to St. Petersburg. But Lieutenant General came to Tulchin Alexander Ivanovich Chernyshev, a former intelligence officer in France in 1810-1812, a participant in the Patriotic War, a diplomat who took part in the congresses of the Holy Alliance, and on December 13, Pestel was arrested on the road from the village of Karnosovka to Tulchin. For some time he was kept in the cell of that same Tulchin church - the cathedral.

Portrait of Pavel Pestel
the work of his mother, Elizaveta Ivanovna Pestel May 2, 1813).

Pestel's house in Tulchin. Not preserved

This building, built in 1820, is the Officers' Assembly of the Second Russian Army. It was here that meetings of the Decembrists of the South Russian Society were held. Now there is a local history museum here.

The entrance to the Officers' Assembly is guarded by two cannons.

Sofya Stanislavovna Pototskaya (1801-1875), muse of Alexander Sergeevich

Another place in Tulchin where you can find the Pototsky coat of arms is the house of the personal lawyer of Countess Sofia Pototskaya Svarichevsky

Now there is a children's music school named after M. Leontovich. The composer Leontovich himself worked in this building in 1920.

Directly opposite the house of lawyer Pototskaya is a very nice mansion. Sorry I don’t know whose

Tulchin. Old photo (I don’t know where I got it from))

Tulchin, as I already said, was actively involved in trade. People have accumulated large amounts of capital over the years. Now they have only Dalmatians sitting in their booths on chains. Hollywood is resting))

The rebuilt Catholic cemetery church is one of the first buildings in Tulchin. It was here that Stanisław Szczesny Potocki, who died in 1805, was buried.

Tulchin then belonged Mieczyslaw Potocki(1799-1878), the last owner of Tulchin from this glorious family. However, Mieczysław is hardly one of the glorious representatives of this family. I wrote about the fact that I kicked my mother out of Tulchin, having previously taken all her diamonds, on the page about the Tulchin palace. But its manager was General A.A. Abaza, whose house has been preserved in Tulchin. By the way, the luxurious palace of another Abaza - in Odessa, is now the Museum of Western and Eastern Art. The Abaza family had a daughter - Glykeria - a highly educated and wise woman - the future mother of a Ukrainian writer Mikhail Kotsyubinsky. Later, a commercial school and a men's gymnasium were located in Abaza's house. During the turbulent years of the October Revolution of 1917, there was a revolutionary committee here.
The history of Tulchin as the estate of the Potocki counts ended in 1865, when the estate was transferred to the War Ministry.

House of General Abaza

This is the same house when it was a gymnasium. The inscription on the pediment is “Tulchina men’s gymnasium with rights for students of V.F. Mashkevich”
Photo sent by Vladislav Vigurzhinsky

One of the main architectural attractions of Tulchin is certainly this mansion.

The mansion was built for timber merchant Gliklich in 1912. The photo shows the backyard.

The doors of the mansion are well preserved.

Staircase, high window, gilding...

Inside, oddly enough, the interiors have been preserved in many places. They even treated us to tea and told us about the house.

Assumption Church

Another interesting historical place is the Assumption Church. Built in 1789. Two Russian Emperors visited this church - Alexander I and Nicholas I, Suvorov and the great Pushkin and Kotlyarevsky, the Decembrists and other famous guests of Tulchin visited here.

Church from the courtyard. Below are preserved drains. In church we met who do you think? Of course, from Odessa with Raskidaylovskaya!)

Assumption Church. The photo is obviously from the 60-70s of the twentieth century.

On the territory of the church yard there are two graves - Maria Efimovna Danilova (d. 1873, photo above) and Major General Sergei Grigorievich Davydenkov (d. 1856, bottom photo)

Obelisk in honor of the arrival of the King of Poland Stanislaw August Poniatowski. Don't look for him. He is not here.

Despite the funeral, disfigured by Polish nationalists, a monument was even erected to Stanislav Szczesny Pottsky in Tulchin. But you don’t need to look for it either. He's not there either.

The historical significance of monasticism and the regulation of its life by the Church.

Since the 5th century. monasticism becomes an enormous real force in the life of the Church, this in the era of its dogmatic struggle. Everyone knows the role that Abba Dalmatius played in the case of Cyril of Alexandria. Since the time of the so-called “robber Council of Ephesus” in 449, monks, by virtue of a special rescript from Emperor Theodosius II, have received the right of representation at Ecumenical Councils. (At the Council of Ephesus in 449, the first representative was Abba Barsuma). The role played by monks in the history of dogmatic and iconoclastic disputes is one of the main and striking phenomena of those centuries (V-VIII centuries). It is enough to mention such bright personalities as Maximus the Confessor, John of Damascus, Theodore the Studite to feel full respect for this great, morally strong institution.

However, the enormous power of monasticism, which appeared poorly disciplined, almost spontaneous / True, even Basil the Great, and before Pachomius, organized monasticism. But his relationship with the outside world still remained unaffected, alarming the highest representatives of the Church. That is why the Council of Chalcedon in 451 paid strict attention to the monks and in 4 canons (4, 8, 23 and 24) tried to regulate their life. According to the meaning of these canons, monasteries and all monks in general were subordinate to the bishop of a given region. No monastery could be built without episcopal permission. Slaves were not supposed to become monks without the permission of their master, etc. In connection with the Councils of Chalcedon, Emperor Justinian I (527-565) issued laws on monasteries. He tried to introduce the institution of monasticism into the state body and coordinate it with all other parts and branches of state life. Subsequently, at the end of the 7th century, the Council of Trullo considered it necessary to once again establish new canons - 40-49 and 35 - regarding the life of monastics. Then, at the end of the 8th century. The VIIth Ecumenical Council again issued several rules on monasticism, 2, 17-11. It is also necessary to mention the “Studic Decrees” - Constitudones Studitanae (Migne. Patr. r. t. XCI a), which, although not written by the hand of Theodore of Studi, are traced back to him. In addition, in the ancient period of church history we encounter the monastic question at the double Council of 861, pr. 1-7. Finally, the history of ancient monasticism and its development includes a novella of 964, published by Nikephoros Phocas (963-969), which established barriers to the excessive multiplication of monasteries and the increase in monastic possessions. This instruction was canceled by the novella of Vasily II Bolgarokton in 988.

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From the book of Lomonosov in Russian culture author Ivinsky Dmitry Pavlovich

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Assumption Church

The Assumption Church in the center of Tulchin is a unique relic. This building survived two world wars. There is no destruction on it, there is a whole high bell tower and a beautiful figured dome. And in the 20th century, when most churches were converted for economic needs, the Assumption Church remained closed, retaining the painted interior and elegant wall decor.

The church is in the classicist style, brick, cross-shaped in plan with very short branches along the north-south axis, single-domed (the drum and top are wooden). Narrow side rooms adjoin the eastern part on both sides. The interior space is wide thanks to the high-altitude open central part.

The bell tower is located on the north side. The church was built instead of a former wooden one in the middle of the 19th century. Brick, two-tier.

The first tier is square in plan, two-storey with rectangular extensions on both sides (Staircase, gate room) and an arched passage, the upper tier is a narrow octagonal volume crowned with a helmet. The monument is distinguished by its slender pillar-like silhouette. The brick fence was built in 1872.

The history of the temple is closely connected with the history of Tulchin himself. At the end of the 18th century, the famous Count Stanislav Potocki lived in the city, who brought noticeable prosperity to the area. The Assumption Church was built at the expense of this citizen in 1789. For many years, the descendants of the count were directly related to the leadership of the church and appointed clergy according to a special principle. The most important priests and parishioners had the right to be buried in the church yard. According to archival data, there are more than 50 burials here, but only two grave crosses have survived to this day, on which they describe in detail who is buried under them.

The temple is considered one of the main shrines of modern Tulchin. Regular restorations are carried out here and the beauty around the building is maintained. The Assumption Church has the honorary title of an architectural monument, built more than 200 years ago and retaining its original appearance.

Tulchin

Dominican Church

Built around 1780. The structure was rebuilt in 1874.

The church in the style of early classicism is a brick, three-nave, eight-pillar with a semi-circular apse, a single-domed basilica with a transept.

The interior is made in the full Corinthian order. The main vault and arches are coffered (with rosettes). The modeling is distinguished by a high professional level of execution.

Tulchin

Potocki Church

The main attraction of Pechera is the church-mausoleum of the Potocki family. It was erected by order of Konstantin and Yanina Pototsky by the famous architect V.V. Gorodetsky in 1904.

For the construction of the church, Gorodetsky used various natural and artificial materials: granite, sandstone, concrete, oak, and the like. Moldings and decorative stone for cladding are made of cement. The floor of the crypt and the church are covered with Metlakh tiles produced by the Kharkov factory E.E. Bergenheim, the windows were filled with glass blocks from the Falconier company. The doors are made of a more traditional material - they are oak. Above the gate you can see the Potocki coat of arms.

The family crypt is located under the apse of the temple; most of the niches were never used, but some burials, which are covered with marble tombstones, were carried out. The ashes of the founder himself, Count Konstantin Pototsky, were transported by descendants to Poland.

In Soviet times, a club was set up here, and now the church is operating again.

With. Pechera

Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary

It is located on the site of a castle built here in the period 1682–1685. In 1838, brick vestibules, accented by four-column wooden porticoes with triangular pediments, were added to the church from the west, and in 1869 to the central frame from the south.

Wooden, three-frame, three-headed. All log houses are octagonal in plan with a significant inward slope of the walls, covered with hipped domes on octagons with one crease, and crowned with decorative domes. In the interior, the effect of the high-rise opening of the internal space is illusoryly enhanced due to the sharp crease, very narrow side edges of the octagon and the inward slope of the walls. Babinets is connected to the central volume by a two-tier arch-cutout. The top is decorated with alfrey paintings from the 19th century.

Due to the arrangement of masses with a predominance of vertical divisions, a strict silhouette, and perfect proportions, the monument belongs to the characteristic works of the Podolsk school of folk wooden architecture.

In the ensemble with the church, a brick, two-tier, octagonal bell tower was built, which has no completion.

Date of creation: 10/04/1994

A country: Ukraine

City: Tulce And n, administrative center of Tulchinsky district, Vinnytsia region, Ukraine

Address: Ukraine, 23600, Vinnitsa region, Tulchin, st. Leontovicha, 41.

Office phone-fax: (4335) 2–18–04

Diocesan monthly bilingual (Ukrainian, Russian) newspaper "Orthodox Interlocutor", editor Archpriest Vasily Kovach.

Assistant editor of the diocesan newspaper "Orthodox Interlocutor"- senior subdeacon Sergius Zinkevich.

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Ruling diocesan bishop: His Eminence Jonathan (Eletskikh), Metropolitan of Tulch And nsky and br A Tslavsky

Vicar bishop- His Eminence Sergius (Anitsoy), Bishop of Ladyzhinsky, manager of the affairs of the Tulchin diocese, secretary of the Diocesan Council - ex officio) http://www.patriarchia.ru/db/text/5168016.html

Assistant Secretary of the Tulchin Diocese - Archpriest Vasily Kovach

Head of the Diocesan Chancellery- Archpriest Alexander Palysyuk

Assistant to the Diocesan Bishop- Hieromonk Jerome (Zub)

Economy of the Tulchin diocese - Protodeacon Sergiy Gradilenko

Assistant to the head of the office of the Tulchin diocese - senior subdeacon Sergius Zinkevich

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General information about the diocese

Date of creation: 10/04/1994

A country: Ukraine

City: Tulce And n, administrative center of Tulchinsky district in the eastern part of Vinnitsa region, Ukraine

Cathedral City- Tulch And n, population - 10 thousand people

Co-Cathedral City- Br A clav, population - 4 thousand people

Cathedral Church- Nativity of Christ Cathedral, Tulcea And n, rector - Bishop Sergius (Anitsoy), vicar of the Tulchin diocese

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ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS OF THE TULCHIN DIOCESE OF THE UOC

The Tulchin diocese is territorially (as of 2019) divided into 15 church districts (deaneries), headed by priest administrators (deaneries) appointed by the ruling bishop.

Among the diocesan church districts: Tulchinskoe (city), Bratslavskoe (city), Bershad deanery, Gaisinskoe, Illinetskoe, Ladyzhinskoe, Lipovetskoe, Nemirovskoe, Oratovskoe, Pogrebischenskoe, Teplitskoe, Trostyanetskoe, Tulchinskoe (district), Tyvrovskoe and Chechelnitskoe.

The administration of the Tulchin diocese is carried out by the canonical diocesan bishop appointed by the Holy Synod of the UOC, by succession of the fullness of hierarchical power from the holy Apostles directly or in unity with the diocesan council, consisting of clergy of the diocese.

The diocese has a diocesan Church court.

The composition of the diocesan council and the diocesan court is subject to periodic rotation.

When forming the composition of the diocesan council and the church court, the diocesan bishop uses the right of “veto” (recusal of a candidacy).

DIOCESAN COUNCIL

(main cast as of 2019)

1. Metropolitan Jonathan (Eletskikh) is the chairman and ruling bishop of the Tulchin diocese.
2. Bishop of Ladyzhinsky Sergius (Anitsoy), vicar of the Tulchin diocese, manager of the affairs of the Tulchin diocese, secretary of the Diocesan Council.
3. Archpriest Roman Rudakov, dean of the city of Tulchin.
4. Archpriest Vasily Goncharuk, dean of the Nemirovsky church district.
5. Archpriest Alexander Palysyuk, head of the office of the Tulchin diocesan administration.
6. Archpriest Vasily Kovach, second secretary of the Tulchin diocese.

Note. With the blessing of the ruling bishop, all deans of diocesan church districts, heads of diocesan departments (human rights, youth, pilgrimage, etc.) and invited rectors of the diocese’s churches are included in extended composition of the Diocesan Council (with voting rights).

ABOUT THE BISHOP COUNCIL OF THE TULCHIN DIOCESE

The Episcopal Council - an auxiliary situational advisory body under the diocesan bishop - was established in October 2016 by order of His Grace Jonathan, Archbishop (now Metropolitan) of Tulchin and Bratslav.

The Episcopal Council includes the suffragan bishop of the Tulchin diocese - ex officio.

The composition of the Episcopal Council is formed by the ruling bishop from diocesan clergy who have positive experience in liturgical, charitable, missionary, administrative and economic activities.

EPARCHIAL CERICAL COURT

(as of 2018)

1. Archpriest Roman Rudakov, chairman, dean of the city of Tulchin.
2. Archpriest Vasily Goncharuk, secretary, dean of the Nemirovsky church district.
3. Archpriest Sergius Poyarkin, rector of the Holy Protection Church in the village of Suvorovskoye, Tulchinsky church district.

Diocesan Monasteries

1) Holy Dormition Monastery, Tyshkovskaya Sloboda, Gaysinsky Deanery. The rector is Abbot Amphilochius (Vasilevsky).

2) Convent of the Holy Archangel Michael (Arkhangelo-Mikhailovsky) in the regional center of Checheln And to the Superior - Abbess Seraphim (Smaglo).

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Archpriest ROMAN RUDAKOV, dean of churches in the city of Tulchin, Tulchin diocese of the UOC

BRIEF HISTORY

ORTHODOX CHURCH-ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE OF PODOLIA

As is known, from the baptism of Rus' until the half of the 15th century, Podolia and Galicia were under the jurisdiction of the Metropolitan of Kyiv, who supplied the cities with archpriests (deans) to lead the entire clergy. In the second half of the 15th century. The secular authorities subordinated the churches and monasteries of Galicia and Podolia to the governors of the Lviv city council, but under King Sigismund I (at the request of the Orthodox nobility, townspeople and brotherhoods) the Podolian clergy was again transferred to the administration of the Kyiv Metropolis. The city is Br A Claw became the administrative center of the voivodeship of the same name.

Since 1498, Bratslav was subjected to constant devastation from the Crimean Tatars, who attacked on the orders of the Turkish sultans who were at war with Poland. Their raids were so frequent and so destructive that in 1598 all government and judicial institutions of the voivodeship were moved to a safer small town - Vinnitsa.

After the conclusion of the political union of Lithuania and Poland and the formation of a single state - the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - the offensive of the gentry and the Roman Church began on the Orthodox of Belarus and Ukraine, which resulted in the Brest Church Union with Rome. Over time, the merciless economic exploitation of serfs by Polish feudal lords began, in which the elite of the Jewish Kahal took an active part, renting their vast lands in Ukraine.

The combination of economic oppression and complex ethnic-religious contradictions gave rise to a fierce military confrontation - the Khmelnytsky region, and ultimately led to the political division of Polish territories between three neighboring empires (Austria, Germany, Russia) for a long historical period.

The Polish government considered the union obligatory for all Orthodox subjects in the territory of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and the Orthodox faith was outlawed.

The clergy who accepted the union were given equal rights to the priests and subordinated to the Lvov Uniate bishops, and the oppressed Orthodox - to the Kyiv metropolitans and partially to the Pereyaslavl bishops.

In Podolia, despite the Uniate-Catholic pressure, there were then 562 Orthodox churches: in the protopopia of Bratslav - 70, in Nemirovskaya - 56, Rashkovskaya - 44, Granovskaya - 52, Krasnyanskaya - 40, Brailovskaya - 55, Vinnitsa - 60, Komargorodskaya - 60 , in Yampolskaya - 55.

In 1770, the Orthodox of the Podolsk and Bratslav voivodeships dared to secretly send the Krasnyan archpriest John Bazilevich to St. Petersburg with a message about the persecution. In 1773, the Uniate Lviv Metropolitan Lev Sheptytsky sent Kholm Bishop Maximilian Rylo to the Volyn and Podolsk voivodeships, who, with the help of Polish military commands, began to seize Orthodox churches by force to impose a union. Soon, by decision of the Warsaw Catholic Congress on April 4, 1776, the Orthodox population of Right Bank Ukraine was imposed with a special tax - a charitative, consisting of monetary and natural parts.

In 1771 and 1773, new appeals were made by the Orthodox of Podolia to St. Petersburg with a request to protect their faith. And only in 1786, under pressure from the government of Empress Catherine II, an Orthodox diocese was opened for the Orthodox population of Polish Right-Bank Ukraine.

The right bank part of Ukraine until 1793 was part of the Catholic Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and was divided into 4 voivodeships - Kiev (without Kyiv, which was subordinate to Russia), Volyn, Podolsk and Bratslav.

After the Second Partition of Poland, by the Personal Decree of Empress Catherine the Great on April 13, 1793, Izyaslav and Bratslav provinces were formed on the Right Bank of Ukraine, and the Kamenets region bordering Austria-Hungary was established.

Soon, a single Orthodox diocese was established on the territory of Minsk (Belarus), Izyaslav and Bratslav provinces. On May 15, 1793, a bishop was appointed there. He became an archpastor from the Kyiv Metropolis named Victor, who in May 1794 addressed all Uniates of the vast region with a call to return to the faith of their fathers. The letter ended with the words: “Persecution has disappeared. Run into the arms of the Church, your Mother, and may you enjoy the silence of your conscience, and may you walk the path of truth, leading you to grace...”

The pastoral call had an ardent response, and already in February 1795, Archbishop Victor joyfully informed the Holy Synod that “one thousand seven hundred churches with 1032 priests and a million lay people accepted into the arms of the Orthodox Church." In only one Bratslav province 1442 Orthodox churches returned to Orthodoxy.

Considering the success of the Orthodox mission, Empress Catherine II issued a Personal Decree: “For better management of spiritual affairs... to establish at first one local bishop,... under the name (title)Bratslav and Podolsk giving him space (honor) under the bishop of Novgorod-Seversky." Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire, 1795

The first bishop of Bratslav and Podolsk was determined to be the archimandrite of the Moscow stauropegial Donskoy Monastery Ioanikiy (Polonny).

He was born in 1742 in Volyn in the town of Polonny, which is why his last name was Polonny. On May 13, 1795, Archimandrite Ioaniky was ordained Bishop of Bratslav and Podolsk with a stay in Kamenets Podolsk. (Vladyka Ioaniky labored in the department for 24 long years and died on February 7, 1819 at the age of 78. He was buried in the Church of St. John the Baptist in the city of Kamenets-Podolsky).

In 1795, the Bratslav-Podolsk diocese was divided into counties: 1) Bratslav, 2) Tulchin, 3) Pyatigorsk, 4) Lipovets, 5) Vinnitsa, 6) Khmelnytsky, 7) Makhnivsky, 8) Skvirsky, 9) Litinsky, 10) Mogilevsky, 11) Yampolsky, 12) Bershadsky, 13) Gaisinsky, 14) Kamenetsky, 15) Ushitsky, 16) Proskurovsky, 17) Zinkovetsky, 18) Grudetsky, 19) Starokonstantinovsky, 20) Bazilevsky, 21) Kremenetsky. And the counties, in turn, were divided into church deaneries.

At the end of the eighteenth century, in the Bratslav-Podolsk diocese there were two cathedral and 2048 parish churches, in which 1865 priests, 1903 deacons and sextons served. There were also 69 casual priests, 68 casual deacons and sextons, and 319 seminarians.

In 1797, some of the districts were transferred to the Kyiv and Volyn provinces, and Baltsky and Olg were annexed from the Voznesensk diocese O Polish.

In 1799, a synodal decree prescribed that the cities of Dubno, Kremenets and Starokonstantinov, including I Those living in the Bratslav diocese were assigned to the Zhitomir diocese. From that moment on, the reduced Bratslav diocese was to be called the Podolsk diocese. The title of the bishop became “Podolsk and Bratslav».

In this administrative state, being within the Podolsk province, the Podolsk-Bratslav diocese remained until 1917. Unfortunately, the ensuing political chaos, civil war and bloody persecution of the Church in revolutionary Russia violated the established administrative and canonical structure of the Podolsk region and therefore it is not yet possible to establish the exact procedure for replacing the chair on the basis of discovered archival data in its entirety.

Not earlier than 1921, the Tulchin Vicariate of the Kamenets-Podolsk diocese was formed, which was stopped already in 1922 due to the defection of Bishop Photius (Mankovsky) to Renovationism.

After the end of the Second World War, the city of Vinnitsa became the administrative regional center of eastern Podolia. The Vinnytsia bishop began to temporarily govern the western part of Podolia with its center in Khmelnitsky (previously called Proskurov).

The ancient city of Kamenets Podolsky, the former diocesan center of the abolished Podolsk-Bratslav diocese, was included by state authorities in the Ternopil region of western Ukraine. Currently, the city of Kamenets-Podolsk is the spiritual and administrative center of the Kamenets-Podolsk diocese of the UOC of the same name.

In the 90s of the twentieth century, due to the collapse of the ideology of state atheism, in the Vinnitsa diocese, which included the city of Tulchin, old churches began to be quickly revived and new churches were built. By the end of 1994 there were already 561 of them.

Taking this into account, the Holy Synod of the UOC on October 4, 1994 decided to form the Tulchin diocese by separating 16 eastern deaneries from the Vinnitsa diocese.

The newly formed Tulchin diocese also included the ancient center of the Podolsk diocese, the once populous Bratslav (now it is home to 6 thousand people, in Tulchin - 12.5 thousand people).

In 2014, from the Vinnitsa and Tulchin dioceses, the Holy Synod of the UOC allocated several southern deaneries, from which the third diocese was formed in the Vinnitsa region - Mogilev-Podolsk. The Kozatinsky deanery of the Tulchin diocese then became part of the Vinnitsa diocese.

To this we add that in the western part of Podolia - in the Khmelnitsky region, three independent dioceses of the UOC were formed. Together with the Kamenets-Podolsk diocese, they all made up the number 7, which is the historical maximum for the number of Orthodox dioceses in Podolia in general.

RULING BISHOPS OF BRATSLAV-PODILSK, PODILSKO-BRATSLAV, VINNYTSKO-BRATSLAV AND TULCHINSKO-BRATSLAV

1. Archbishop Ioaniky (Nikiforovich-Polonsky) from April 12, 1795 to February 7, 1819 (died).
2. Archbishop Anthony (Sokolov) from March 15, 1819 to April 3, 1821 (died March 29, 1827).
3. Archbishop Xenophon (Troepolis) from July 3, 1821 to January 24, 1832 (died May 4, 1834).
4. Archbishop Kirill (Platonov-Theologian) from January 24, 1832 to March 28, 1841 (died), in October 1835 he consecrated the Church of the Nativity of Christ in Tulchin - the current Cathedral).
5. Archbishop Arseny (Moskvin) from April 5, 1841 to November 6, 1848, then Metropolitan of Kiev (died April 28, 1878).
6. Bishop Elpidiphoros (Benedictov) from November 6, 1848 to March 29, 1851, eventually archbishop (died May 31, 1861).
7. Bishop Eusebius (Ilyinsky) from March 29, 1851 to March 1, 1858, eventually exarch of Georgia - archbishop (died March 12, 1879).
8. Archbishop Irinarh (Popov) from March 17, 1858 to December 20, 1863 (died September 28, 1868).
9. Archbishop Leonty (Lebedinsky) from December 20, 1863 to October 2, 1874, eventually Metropolitan of Moscow (died August 1, 1893).
10. Bishop Feognost (Lebedev) from December 7, 1874 to December 2, 1878, eventually Archbishop of Novgorod.
11. Bishop Markel (Popel) from December 9, 1978 to March 6, 1882.
12. Bishop Victorin (Lyubimov) from March 6 to August 21, 1882 (died).
13. Bishop Justin (Okhotin) from March 15, 1882 to March 28, 1887, eventually Archbishop of Kherson.
14. Bishop Donat (Sokolov-Bobinsky) from March 28, 1887 to December 13, 1890, eventually archbishop.
15. Bishop Dimitri (Sambikin) from December 13, 1890 to November 1, 1896.
16. Bishop Irenaeus - from November 2, 1896 to April 29, 1900.
17. Bishop Christopher (Smirnov) from April 29, 1900 to December 1, 1904.
18. Bishop Parthenius (Levitsky) from December 1, 1904 to September 15, 1908.
19. Bishop Seraphim - from September 15, 1908 to March 22, 1914. Bishop Mitrofan (Athos) from March 22, 1914 to October 1917.
20. Bishop Pimen (Pegov) from October 1917 to December 1919.
21. Bishop Ambrose - from December 1919 to July 1920.
22. Bishop Pimen - from July 1920 to October 1923.
23. Archbishop Boris - from October 1923 to January 1927.
24. Bishop Varlaam, temporary administrator from January 1927 to January 1929.
25. Bishop Peter, administrator from January 1929 to July 1931.
26. Sschmch. Alexander (Petrovsky) from August 25, 1933 to May 20, 1937.
27. Sschmch. Innokenty (Tikhonov) from April 5 to November 29, 1937.
28. Evlogy (Markovsky) from August 5, 1942 to 1943.
29. Bishop Maxim (Bachinsky) from 1944 to December 1945.
30. Archpriest N. M. Salata - in 1946, authorized representative of the Patriarchal Exarch of All Ukraine.
31. Bishop Jacob (Zaika) from February 2, 1947 to November 18, 1948.
32. Bishop Anatoly from 1948 to 1949.
33. Bishop Innocent (Zelnitsky) from January 30, 1949 to December 27, 1951.
34. Bishop Andrey (Sukhenko) from December 27, 1951 to February 9, 1954, ep. Chernivtsi
35. Bishop Andrey (Sukhenko) from February 9, 1954 to October 17, 1955.
36. Archbishop Simon (Ivanovsky) from October 19, 1955 to August 14, 1961. (Since 1942, Archbishop of Chernigov and Nizhyn. In 1944, he was arrested by the NKVD and until 1954 he served a prison term in Siberia at a logging site).
37. Archbishop Joasaph (Lelyukhin) from August 14, 1961 to March 30, 1964.
38. Archbishop Alypiy (Khotovitsky) from March 30, 1964 to November 11, 1975.
39. Metropolitan Agafangel (Savvin) from November 16, 1975 to September 1991. He was illegally retired by former Metropolitan Filaret (Denisenko) for opposing the schism.
40. Archbishop Theodosius (Dikun) from September 1991 to 1992.
41. Metropolitan Agafangel (Savvin) - 1992 (restored to the department by decision of the Council of Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church before transferring to Odessa).
42. Metropolitan Macarius (Svistun) from June 22, 1992 to October 4, 1994 - Vinnitsa and Bratslav; (from October 4, 1994 to June 4, 2007 - Vinnitsa and Mogilev-Podolsk).
43. Metropolitan Simeon (Schostatsky) from 10.06. 2007 - Vinnitsa and Mogilev-Podolsk; (since January 5, 2013 - Vinnitsa and Barsky). On December 17, 2018, the Holy Synod of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church banned Metropolitan Simeon of Vinnitsa and Bar from serving in the ministry for deviating from the “autocephalous” schism of the OCU.
44. Archbishop Barsanuphius (Stolyar). By the decision of the Holy Synod of the UOC dated December 17, 2018 (magazine No. 72), he was appointed Bishop of Vinnytsia and Bar.

TULCHIN-BRATSLAV BISHRIERS:

44. Bishop Innokenty (Shestopal), Tulchinsky and Bratslavsky from 1994 to 1999.

46. ​​Metropolitan Jonathan (Eletsky), Tulchinsky and Bratslavsky, from November 2006 to the present day.

Sources and literature:

1. Parishes and churches of the Podolsk diocese. Ed. Evfimiy Setsinsky, 1901.

2. Drawings of the history of the Polish Diocese (1795-1995), A.K. Fox.

3. Podolsk diocesan statements 1876, 1895

4. Podolsk archpastors (1795-1895). V. Yakubovich, P. Vikul., 1895