Approaches to managing the quality of education. Management of the quality of education in an educational institution Concepts, goals, tools Moscow Center for Quality of Education Ivanov D.A.

Today, many countries of the world (Russia is no exception) have formed the main directions of policy regarding the assessment of education. They began to create certain standards that are advisable to apply in the process of developing educational programs. Thus, these norms served as the main tool for determining the target areas of education and the formation of the educational space.

Quality concept

This article fully examines the concept of quality of education, its essence and fundamental features. First, it is necessary to define what the concept of quality means in the general sense of the word. The quality of education is what's happened?

The most striking interpretation of this term is the definition of quality as a set of a number of properties, characteristics, attributes of products, certain categories of goods, services, materials or works, which fully serve as a determining factor in relation to their ability to meet the needs and demands of society and compliance with their own purpose , as well as the requirements. The considered measure of compliance is formed on the basis of specific standards, contracts or agreements. It is important to note that the creation of this measure can also occur in close connection with the needs of the population or its specific segments. How can we relate this concept to the educational category?

The quality of education

The quality of education is the most important component of the social sphere, which absolutely accurately determines the state, as well as the effectiveness of the educational process in society, the degree of its compliance with the needs and even expectations of society (and its various groups, in particular) in terms of the development and creation of both civil and professional competencies of a person as personality. It is important to note that the indicator under consideration in the process of detailed analysis breaks down into smaller ones, each of which can fully characterize one of the aspects of the educational activities of a particular educational institution. Among these, the main ones are the following:

Contents of the educational process.
Methodology developed in relation to training standards.
Forms of training.
Material and technical base.
Composition of the personnel structure.

Absolute and relative concept of quality

It is important to note that the concept of quality ( The quality of education is a very important indicator) are often attributed to a variety of, usually contradictory, meanings. The point is that analysis can be carried out both in absolute and relative order. Thus, the absolute concept implies a demonstration of superiority and a certain status, which naturally has a beneficial effect on the image of a particular educational institution.

The relative concept does not perceive quality as an attribute of an educational service and can be considered in two aspects: as compliance with a certain state standard or as compliance with the preferences of service consumers. It should be added that the first aspect reflects the point of view of the manufacturer, and the second is interconnected with consumer views. However, often the opinion of the manufacturer is not equivalent to the opinion of the consumer, therefore it is customary to consider the issue of the quality of education by one or another educational institution from two sides.

Complex indicator

Monitoring the quality of education indicates that the analyzed indicator is endowed with a complex nature. In accordance with this fact, it would be advisable to re-list its main aspects:

The relationship between learning goals and results.
Ensuring absolute satisfaction of society with certain educational services.
Decent level of knowledge and skills; beneficial personal development - mental, moral and, of course, physical.
Providing all conditions for healthy self-esteem of the individual, self-government, as well as self-attestation.
The formation of diverse cultural environments for education in terms of political culture, spiritual enrichment and, of course, a person’s readiness to live fully in modern society, and so on.

Monitoring concept

In accordance with the above aspects, it can be defined as a system of continuous collection of information regarding its most significant properties, its subsequent qualitative processing, analysis and, of course, interpretation, which is necessary to provide the field of education and society as a whole with reliable, complete and classified by levels application of information on the compliance of processes, as well as the results of educational activities, with certain standards, on current changes and relevant forecasts. The main goal of creating a monitoring system is to improve the quality of educational services.

Education quality management through monitoring has a number of advantages and disadvantages, but in order to eliminate the latter, it is only necessary to ensure all the conditions for the effective implementation of this event. The main ones among them are the following:

Application of a systems approach.
Collection of quantitative and qualitative methods into one set.
Competent interpretation of information obtained as a result of monitoring.
Using only high quality tools.
Help from management bodies in methodological and, of course, material terms.

Monitoring as the main condition for the quality of education and its types

It is important to note that the classification of monitoring can be based on various factors: the purposes of its implementation, key functions, the scope of use of information, and others. The most popular is the division of monitoring types in accordance with the functions they perform. Thus, quality of education (this the most important component of the social sphere) is regulated through monitoring of the following types:

Information monitoring.
Diagnostic monitoring.
Comparative monitoring.
Predictive monitoring.

It is important to note that the use of the presented types of monitoring in their pure form is quite rare. Thus, today such an event as conducting comprehensive monitoring, which competently combines all the elements listed above, has become popular.

Education quality management

The concept of monitoring discussed above is directly related to education quality management, which should be understood as a certain system of both strategic and operational decisions (and then actions), the implementation of which occurs in a planned manner. It is aimed at full provision, significant improvement, strict control, as well as competent assessment of the quality of educational processes or services.

It is important to note that in almost every country (Russia is no exception) there is a continuous operation that ensures and controls the implementation of the above operations. This subject of the educational process also deals with additional issues, including, for example, planning the educational process and the accompanying assessment of factors that reduce the quality of education. Among such factors, some defects of an internal or external nature can be identified.

Quality of education and school

To date quality of education at school determined by the following factors:

Mathematization of educational processes.
Creation of historical identity.
Continuous training in the native language and history of the state.
Education of the individual as a patriot of his country (in accordance with national culture and language).
Formation of a real defender of the Fatherland (for guys).
Fostering absolute respect for work, because work itself is the main condition for personal growth in creative terms.
Setting for the harmonious development of a person in relation to creativity.
Improving the quality of vocational education.

Quality of education and university

In the system of modern higher education, the main indicators of its impeccable quality are:

Absolute compliance of the structure of educational programs with the requirements of customers, which may be, for example, the state, business or individual, as well as with established educational standards.
High degree of satisfaction of stakeholders (for example, employers or students) with the quality of education.
A high degree of satisfaction with the work of employees of a higher educational institution.
A beneficial effect on society, raising the level of culture in the general sense of the word.

Ways to improve the quality of education

Today this is the most important task, because the well-being of a particular country depends on the productivity of its implementation. Thus, the most significant conditions for its achievement are the following points:

Activation of the state's educational standards, as well as the basic plan for the learning process.
Optimization of various types of student load (psychological, physical and, of course, educational).
If necessary, provide training according to an individual program.
Development of a distance education system.
State support for schools for gifted individuals.
Formation of a state system in relation to assessing the quality of the educational process.
Significantly strengthening the role of disciplines that can ensure the socialization of students and so on.

The problem of assessing the quality of education is today one of the most pressing for the entire educational system of the Russian Federation. A common feature of systemic changes in education at both the federal, republican and municipal levels is the focus on ensuring the quality of education, improving the system of its assessment, and bringing it into line with the requirements of society.

The main document on the basis of which the entire system of work in our educational institution is built is the School Development Program, which clearly defines the strategy and tactics for the development of the educational institution. At the same time, the school development strategy corresponds to the ideas of the priority areas of the national project "Education", and the tactics are expressed in the development program. The development program is a plan for the future. The main objective of the program is to transfer the school from a functioning mode to a development mode. The development of a development program and its implementation is the main management document. And if this is not the case, then there is no control.

Our school has long had a model for managing the quality of education. This is a serious pedagogical analysis of all educational work (annual, quarterly, monthly, weekly) - planning - control - management.

The main responsibility in ensuring and developing the quality of education falls on the school administration, which must create all the necessary conditions for the implementation of the intended goals, taking the correct and competent management steps for this:

involvement of all members of the teaching staff in the implementation of the development program;
improving the teacher's pedagogical skills;
analysis of the initial state of the school.

To be able to analyze, plan, control and make, based on this, the right decision means to carry out a scientific organization of the work of the teaching staff, which requires accurate calculations, a detailed work plan, scientifically proven methods, and precise calendar dates. And yet, every leader must remember and know that 96% of all problems in any organization are caused by an incorrect leadership system and only 4% by the mistakes of the performers. These data are scientifically confirmed.

The quality of education depends on the resource availability of the educational institution. This, first of all, is the correct personnel policy, the activities of the teaching staff to preserve and maintain the health of children, and the creation of the material and technical base of the school.

In modern conditions, school staffing is the first priority for the leader. Quality education is impossible without quality teaching and education. Today our teaching staff consists of 58 teachers. Of these, 14 teachers have the highest qualification category, 28 have the first, 11 have the second. 3 teachers were awarded the Prize of the President of the Russian Federation “The Best Teachers of Russia”.

Improving the quality of teaching skills is carried out through methodological work, which is headed by the methodological council. The school has 9 subject methodological associations and a methodological association of class teachers, through whose work the methodological theme of the school is implemented. Each association has its own documents, a theme that is consonant with the theme of the school, realizing the goals and objectives of the school. At methodological associations the following issues are discussed:

new teaching methods;
informatization of the educational process;
studying the teaching experience of fellow innovators;
working with gifted children;
preparation for the Unified State Exam;
health-saving aspects of the lesson, etc.

The work of each teacher to achieve a basic level of students’ knowledge, the results of the final certification, the participation of schoolchildren in Olympiads and various competitions, the teacher’s self-education and his success, and participation in various creative groups are subject to careful analysis. Creative and experimental groups are formed from among creatively working teachers to develop and implement new methods of working with schoolchildren. School methodological associations have done a lot of work to disseminate pedagogical experience not only through publications in the media, at municipal seminars, but also in advanced training courses and through participation in conferences and Internet pedagogical councils held by the Ministry of Education and Science.

Every teacher in our school today has a good “tool” - this is his creative laboratory, which works for the student and his results. And it all started 14 years ago. Then we realized that without our own methodological piggy bank it is impossible to provide a high-quality education and upbringing to a student. It was difficult work, sometimes under pressure. They tracked what the teacher produced in a quarter, in a year for a lesson, extracurricular work on the subject and for carrying out educational work. But the process has begun. Today is a teacher’s creative laboratory: this includes his personal portfolio, additional and in-depth material on the subject for each lesson, rich material for the implementation of the educational process, as well as diagnostics of his work. So, for example, in each subject, starting from the 2nd grade, we teach students how to solve test buildings. And this is work for the future - to prepare for the Unified State Exam.

Experts from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation for the implementation of the national project "Education", who visited the school in June 2008, were surprised by the quality of the teachers' creative laboratory and the content of the school's methodological office (our office took 1st place in the region). We constantly share the experience of our methodological work: in April 2009. we met the Kukmor delegation of teachers, representatives of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Tatarstan came to us, as well as with our colleagues in the city at various fairs of pedagogical ideas, festivals of methodological discoveries, conferences and other events.

A good help in achieving quality education is the material base of the school. Today these are: 2 computer labs, 2 interactive whiteboards, 4 projectors, a digital laboratory "Archimedes" in chemistry and physics, computer training programs in all subjects, a single local network of the school's computer park, Internet access, starting from the office of the director, head teachers, offices computer science to a methodological office and library.

For effective management and making informed decisions on managing the quality of education at the school level, it is necessary to have reliable and reliable information about the progress of the educational process. Obtaining such information, in our opinion, is possible by monitoring the entire educational process. Monitoring is a tool for analysis, an intermediate stop that allows you to determine where to go next. A distinctive feature of monitoring is information about the compliance of the actual result with its expectations, forecasts, as well as an assessment of this compliance. Feedback is another necessary element of monitoring, and, consequently, school management; on its basis, the attitude towards the result changes and the ways of achieving current, intermediate and final goals are revised.

Pedagogical monitoring carried out in our school is based on the following principles: openness and accessibility of information about the state and quality of education, broad discussion of the content, procedures, means of monitoring surveys, making and implementing management decisions based on the results. We monitor the level of training and quality of knowledge in all subjects, the level of education of students by quarter and year, the success of a teacher in a particular class is determined, the quality reserve is identified, i.e. the success of students with 1-2 C grades, etc. is monitored. Analysis data is reflected in text analytical reports, diagrams, graphs, tables and diagrams. Thus, the practice of monitoring allows us to consider all the phenomena of school life through the prism of pedagogical analysis, through the constant process of correlating results with the assigned tasks, adjusting all types of management activities and, most importantly, identifying ways and conditions for increasing the efficiency and quality of education.

Without a well-thought-out monitoring system in general, and pedagogical monitoring in particular, it is impossible to make the educational process effective. This is our firm belief.

The teacher analyzes the quality of teaching for primary school students by tracking the learning outcomes of each student in all subjects and for the entire period of primary school education. (Picture 1)

The monitoring results of each class are analyzed and entered into a school summary table. (Figure 2)

The next stage of monitoring is to track the dynamics of development of students studying in the traditional educational program and in the system of L.V. Zankov. An analysis of the results of the quality of knowledge in subjects in classes taught according to the Zankov program showed that students have a stable motivation to learn. The quality of knowledge has been maintained for a number of years in all subjects above 60%. (Figure 3)

For a number of years, the subject of our attention has been the problem of continuity that arises during the transition of students from primary school to the second stage of education. Pedagogical monitoring, carried out at the beginning of the school year in 5th grade, helps resolve emerging issues. The level of adaptation of children during the transition to the second stage is studied, work experience is exchanged, and program requirements are discussed together with primary school teachers in order to bridge the gap between the first and second stages and develop uniform requirements for students. A comparative analysis of the achievements of educational activities of students in grades 4 and 5 shows that students in grades 5 confirm their results. (Figure 4)

The educational process in primary school is based on the traditional federal program and the developmental system of L.V. Zankov. From the 2nd grade, English was introduced, and from the 3rd grade, computer science was introduced as a training module within the framework of the academic subject "Technology". In their work, primary school teachers use health-saving, information and communication technologies and are engaged in project activities.

When assessing the activities of a subject teacher in the second and third stages of education, the quality of knowledge and performance are monitored annually and every quarter, as shown in the table. In this way, those changes that occurred during the year, as well as over several years, are analyzed. (Figure 5)

One of the most important indicators of a school’s performance is the participation of its students in subject Olympiads. (Figure 6, 7,8)

The Unified State Exam is an important aspect of quality education and allows for an objective assessment of students' knowledge.

Of course, the school conducts targeted training for graduates. Mock exams are held throughout the year. The results are analyzed and conclusions are drawn. (Figure 9,10,11)

During the period of preparation for state accreditation and external examination, the educational institution carried out monitoring in various areas of activity. In the process of self-analysis, a lot of work is done to analyze the quality of education. Self-analysis of the school’s activities is a collegial identification of problems, determination of ways to solve them in the following main areas:

management activities;
assessment of educational and material resources;
staffing assessment; (Qualification characteristics of the team - comparative analysis for 3 years)
methodological work;
analysis of the educational process and its content; (comparison of average indicators of the quality of education in all subjects - diagram)
performance effectiveness (participation of teachers and students in various competitions and conferences over three years)

The main diagnostics for the development of moral, cognitive, communicative, aesthetic and physical qualities of an individual is to determine the level of education of students.

Each class teacher monitors the level of education twice - at the beginning of the school year and at the end of it through a survey of the students themselves, their parents, and their own assessment (using a five-point system) of each of the significant personality qualities: duty and responsibility, thrift, discipline, responsible attitude towards learning, work, collectivism and camaraderie, kindness and responsiveness, honesty and truthfulness, simplicity and modesty, cultural level. A summary table is filled out with indicators of the level of education of each student and the entire class, which shows in which direction educational work needs to be adjusted. Then the results are summed up by parallels, by units, for the entire school for the year. Thus, the dynamics of the level of education over the years is monitored.

Quantitative indicators such as the number of students participating in the work of school self-government, labor and social events, collective creative activities and school traditional holidays, participation in the activities of the city society, indicators of the “Class of the Year” competition, and the level of leisure activity of students are also analyzed.

Such work for the school team is difficult, but useful and very necessary: it helps to understand both the strengths and weaknesses of the work, see the future, outline ways for further improvement, and determine priorities for development.

Thus, the quality of education is a comprehensive system in which all components are interconnected and complement each other. To achieve success, this system must be managed comprehensively. For school administration, managing the quality of education in the context of modernization and improvement of the quality of education becomes a priority in their work. A leader needs the ability to quickly adapt to the changing socio-economic and cultural conditions of education, the ability to master updated content and teaching technologies.

Introduction

The concept of “quality of education”

2. “Education quality management”, specific application to preschool educational institutions

3. Characteristics of the concept of “quality management” in preschool education, its goals and objectives

The role and place of FGT (federal state requirements) in the process of managing the quality of education in preschool educational institutions

Review of regulatory documents regulating the activities of preschool educational institutions on issues of education quality management

6. Problems of education quality management

The quality of the educational program being implemented

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

Today, education must be considered as the production of human capital, an important component of which is intellectual capital. If we take into account the increasing role of human capital in the trends of economic, scientific and technological development, it is not difficult to see that education is becoming the main driving force in the development of modern society. It is not enough to say that education is our future. This phrase has turned into a slogan, the meaning of which is no longer thought through. Education is the production of active knowledge that ensures the acceleration of social development in all its directions and trends. Education is the harmonization and humanization of social life, it is a movement towards genuine human freedom.

The development of society depends on the development of education. The development of education can be carried out on its own, but is effective only if it is managed and improved through management processes.

Education management can be carried out on the basis of current, partial and private, general and consistent-prospective improvement of the existing system.

To effectively manage education, it is necessary to know the objective trends in its development, or more precisely, the patterns of development of education. After all, it can be improved on an empirical and pragmatic basis. This is what is happening now. But you can do this based on a scientific approach.

Reform plays a significant role in improving education management. Despite all the positive qualities of modern education, it needs consistent reform. And this is the main factor in education management today.

1. The concept of “quality of education”

The quality of education is a complex of characteristics of the educational process that determine the consistent and practically effective formation of competence and professional consciousness. Here we can distinguish three groups of characteristics: the quality of the potential to achieve the goals of education, the quality of the process of forming professionalism and the quality of the result of education.

The quality of potential is expressed in such characteristics as the quality of the purpose of education, the quality of the educational standard, the quality of the educational program, the quality of the material and technical base of the educational process, the quality of the teaching staff, the quality of applicants, the quality of the information and methodological base.

As you can see, the quality of education is a complex indicator:

correlation between the goal and the learning outcome;

ensuring the degree of satisfaction of the expectations of participants in the educational process from the educational services provided;

a certain level of knowledge, skills, competencies and competencies, mental, physical and moral development of the individual;

At the same time, it is a system, model, organization and procedures that guarantee students the necessary social development.

Concept quality of preschool education analyzed from three different aspects. In the national aspect, the quality of preschool education can be determined by the measure of its adequacy to the socio-economic conditions of society. Here, the quality of preschool education comes into contact with such categories as the standard of living, the economic potential of the country, etc. In the social aspect, it is determined by the correspondence of educational services to the real request of parents. The quality of preschool education in the pedagogical aspect may mean the implementation of the principle of variability in education, the transition to personality-oriented interaction between the teacher and children.

Concept "quality" multifaceted and interpreted differently from the position of each participant:

For children - This is learning in a fun way for them.

For parents - this is the effective education of children, that is, training in programs that prepare children well for school:

· training without fatigue;

· maintaining children's health, both mental and physical;

· success of training;

· maintaining children's desire to learn;

· providing the opportunity to enter a prestigious school;

· training in prestigious subjects (foreign language, choreography, etc.)

For educators - this is, firstly, a positive assessment of their activities by the head of the preschool institution, parents:

· successful completion of all educational programs by all children;

· optimal selection of methods and techniques for working with children;

· maintaining children's interest in the educational process;

· successful development of children in the process of their education;

· maintaining the physical and mental health of children;

· rational use of children's educational time and teacher's working time;

· provision of the pedagogical process with all necessary aids and equipment.

For the manager - This:

· high assessment of the activities of educators by parents and children, thereby increasing the prestige of the kindergarten as a factor in the preservation and development of a preschool institution;

· maintaining children's health;

· rational use of children's educational time and teachers' working time;

· the success of teachers and children;

· complete assimilation of selected programs, high-quality preparation of children for school.

· from the point of view of a micro- or macro-level manager, this is the efficiency of functioning and increasing the viability of the managed subsystem.

2. “Education quality management”, its specific application to preschool educational institutions

Quality management of the educational process, in fact, is the main subject of management activities at all levels of the preschool education system.

The development of a systematic approach to quality management begins with the development of product quality standards. “Product quality” is understood as the totality of consumer properties of this product that are significant for the consumer (in my case, the consumer is society, more precisely, the family, the parents of the students). The set of these qualities is determined by the standards. Quality standards are then selected and the achieved quality is compared with the standard. The status of such a temporary GOST for preschool education is “Temporary (approximate) requirements for the content and methods of education and training implemented in preschool educational institutions” (Order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated August 22, 1996 No. 448). It formulates the basic requirements for the conditions of stay of children in preschool institutions, and ensuring the quality of educational services is considered as compliance with the requirements for software of the educational process and pedagogical technologies, the nature of interaction between an adult and a child, as well as for the developmental environment of the kindergarten.

The preschool education system, as indicated in the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education,” is the first step in the system of lifelong education, which places increased demands on the quality of education in preschool educational institutions.

The quality of management of a preschool educational institution is understood as a set of properties and characteristics that determine its dignity and high quality. And here a special role is given to management skills. The success of the development of the institution and its social status depend on the professional skills of the leader, his ability to quickly make decisions, and his ability to direct the team towards continuous development and creative growth.

The characteristics of the quality work of the head of a preschool educational institution are formed at the intersection of four lines of his activity:

resource provision and resource conservation (including health conservation);

organization of educational work and its methodological support;

examination of educational innovations and projects, organization of monitoring of their implementation;

stimulating the development of the teaching staff in the system of building dialogic relationships.

The main management skills of the head of a preschool institution for managing the quality of the educational process are:

· targeted management influences, the ability to draw attention to problems of developmental interaction, friendliness of requests and explanations from the head and senior teacher;

· the reasoning of their points of view, manifested through the justification of orders, instructions, requests, assessments;

· the predominance of positive assessments of the actions of teachers, preschool specialists, and parents of children over negative ones.

3. Characteristics of the concept of “quality management” in preschool education, its goals and objectives

Modern management is a specific type of management activity that revolves around the individual, with the goal of making people capable of joint action, making their efforts effective and smoothing out their inherent weaknesses, for human ability to contribute to society depends as much on the effectiveness of enterprise management as on people's own efforts and dedication.

Quality management in a preschool institution is a coordinated activity for the management and management of a preschool educational institution in relation to quality, which allows one to overcome emerging difficulties and obstacles through the continuous improvement of the preschool educational institution system, anticipating and preventing possible crisis situations.

The quality management system of an educational institution is determined by the policy of the head. Policy is the overall intentions and directions of an organization's quality activities, formally formulated by management. The MDOU policy in the field of quality of education is aimed at: ensuring compliance of the educational process with the state educational standard; ensuring compliance of the educational process with the requirements and expectations of parents; continuous improvement of methods and means of organizing the educational process; establishing long-term partnerships with institutions of additional education, medical institutions and public organizations; creating an image of preschool educational institutions that provide competitive advantages.

Objectives of education quality management:

1. Motivating staff to actively work to ensure the required quality of the educational process.

Targeted influence on the activities of institution employees through incentives.

Ensuring the development of materials and organization of internal audit mechanisms and information exchange on quality management issues.

Introduction of an internal audit mechanism at certain intervals.

Exchange of experience with other teaching staff of MDOU, methodological support and innovative technologies in the field of monitoring the quality of education.

Creation of an information base for the exchange of monitoring data.

Continuous improvement of work performance and compliance with quality management requirements.

Development of a graduate model and determination of the level of readiness for school.

Improving the qualifications of preschool educational institution employees and developing a teacher personality model.

Determination of measures to maintain feedback with consumers (parents and children) of educational services.

The quality of preschool education is such an organization of the pedagogical process in a kindergarten in which the level of education and development of each child increases in accordance with his personal, age and physical characteristics in the process of education and training. What determines the quality of work of a preschool educational institution?

On the quality of the teacher's work.

From the relationships that have developed in the teaching staff.

From the conditions created by the leader for the creative search for new methods of working with children.

From an objective assessment of the performance of each employee. Consequently, the quality of preschool education in an institution is a controlled process. Therefore, based on the above components of “quality”, two approaches to quality management can be distinguished.

One is through managing the entire pedagogical process and its components. The other is through personal subjective aspects in the management system: the formation of a team and the regulation of the moral and psychological climate in it.

Having highlighted these, perhaps, main positions, it can be argued that quality is the result of the activities of the entire team, which is determined by two positions: how the pedagogical process in kindergarten is organized (regime, choice of programs and technologies, provision of benefits, system for increasing the professional growth of teachers through various forms of methodological work, etc.); how a child (children) in an institution realizes their right to individual development in accordance with their age-related capabilities and abilities. Consequently, the quality of work of a preschool educational institution is both a process and a result.

Responsibility for fulfilling the tasks of implementing the quality management system lies with the head of the educational institution, heads of structural divisions and developers of educational projects.

4. The role and place of FGT (federal state requirements) in the process of managing the quality of education in preschool educational institutions

In recent years, significant changes have been taking place in the preschool education system. In just 2 years, several significant regulatory documents have appeared that define new priorities for the development of preschool education. Federal state requirements for the structure of the basic general education program of preschool education are developed in accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education” (clause 6.2 of Article 9 of the Law)

This provision was introduced into the Law with an understanding of the importance of preschool education for the further successful development and education of every person, to provide every child with that same equal start. In this regard, it was necessary to standardize the content of preschool education in a certain way, no matter in which educational institution the child received it.

The development of the draft federal requirements was carried out with the involvement of leading scientists and research fellows of the Russian Academy of Education. This is the first document in the history of Russian education that, at the federal level, determines what the program of a preschool institution should be, what content should be implemented in order for each child to achieve the optimal level of development for his age.

The Federal State Standard of General Education is a set of 3 groups of requirements: requirements for the structure of basic educational programs; requirements for conditions of implementation; requirements for the results of mastering basic educational programs.

The specificity of preschool education is such that the achievements of preschool children are determined not by the sum of specific LUNs, but by the totality of personal qualities. Therefore, it is inappropriate to impose strict requirements on results, which is present in the standard of primary general education.

The developers of the FGT propose instead the section “ Planned results of children mastering the basic general education program of preschool education". It describes the integrative qualities that a child can acquire as a result of mastering the program.

The main users of federal requirements are: educational institutions implementing the basic educational program of preschool education, bodies exercising management in the field of education; teams of authors developing general educational programs for preschool education (comprehensive and for the development of individual educational areas); Educational institutions of secondary and higher vocational education for training preschool specialists; institutions of further training; public organizations operating in the field of preschool education.

Thus, FGT:

· Establish norms and regulations that are mandatory for the implementation of the basic general education program of preschool education (GEP) by all educational institutions that have state accreditation;

· FGT takes into account the specifics of the implementation of special education preschool education for children with disabilities;

· Provide a unified educational space of the Russian Federation in the context of modernization of all levels of education;

· Based on federal requirements, the following is being developed: an approximate basic general education program for preschool education;

· On the basis of FGT, the examination of basic general education programs of preschool education is carried out during licensing and state accreditation of educational institutions.

In 2010, it is planned to approve the FGT for the conditions for the implementation of the basic general education program of preschool education, and in 2011-2012 - to complete the development of Model programs.

The basic general educational program of a preschool institution is developed, approved and implemented in an educational institution on the basis of approximate basic general educational programs of preschool education.

Review of regulatory documents regulating the activities of preschool educational institutions on issues of education quality management

No. Name of the regulatory document, its output data Issues discussed in the document related to the management of the quality of education in preschool educational institutions RUSSIAN EDUCATION AND SCIENCE FEDERATION dated November 23, 2009 No. 655 "ON THE APPROVAL AND ENTRY INTO EFFECT OF FEDERAL STATE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE STRUCTURE OF THE BASIC GENERAL EDUCATION PROGRAM OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION"<#"justify"> National doctrine of education in the Russian Federation / Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 4, 2000 No. 751. // SZ RF, 2000, No. 41, art. 4089.Preschool educational institution - a type of educational institution that implements the basic general education program of preschool education. The state status of a preschool educational institution (the type, type and category of an educational institution, determined in accordance with the level and focus of the educational programs it implements) is established during its state accreditation, unless otherwise provided by federal laws. A preschool educational institution provides education, training and development, as well as supervision, care and health improvement for children aged 2 months to 7 years. These federal state requirements establish norms and regulations that are mandatory for the implementation of the basic general education program of preschool education by educational institutions that have state accreditation. Federal requirements take into account the specifics of the implementation of the basic general education program of preschool education for children with disabilities. Based on federal requirements, the following are being developed: An approximate basic general education program for preschool education; an approximate basic general education program of preschool education for children with disabilities. Based on federal requirements, the examination of basic general education programs of preschool education is carried out during licensing of educational activities and state accreditation of educational institutions. A fundamental state document establishing the priority of education in state policy, the strategy and main directions of its development. The doctrine defines the goals of education and training, ways to achieve them through state policy in the field of education, and the expected results of the development of the education system for the period until 2025. The program formulates the main directions and features of education in preschool educational institutions, guaranteeing the quality of education in preschool educational institutions. 3. LAW OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION "ON EDUCATION" OF 07/10/1992 N 3266-1 (HARM, FEDERAL LAWS OF 01/13/996 N 12-FZ, FROM 16.11.1997 N 144-FZ, FROM 20.07.2000, FROM 17.12.2009 N 313-FZ, 16.11.2011 N 318-FZ FROM 03.12.2011 N 383-FZ) Education in this Law is understood as a purposeful process of education and learning for the benefit of people. .. The right to education is one of the main inalienable constitutional rights of a citizen of the Russian Federation. 4. ORDER OF THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION dated August 22, 1996 No. 448 "ON APPROVAL OF DOCUMENTS FOR CERTIFICATION AND STATE ACCREDITATION OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS" Approves: the form and content of self-examination (self-analysis) ) in the process of certification of a preschool educational institution: criteria for assessing the activities of a preschool educational institution. Temporary (approximate) requirements for the content and methods of education and training implemented in a preschool educational institution. Criteria for classifying a preschool educational institution into the appropriate type and category. Establish that the Temporary (approximate) requirements for the content and methods of education and training implemented in a preschool educational institution are valid until the introduction of the state educational standard for preschool education. Educational management bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and departments that have preschool educational institutions: Organize the study of these documents with the heads and teaching staff of preschool educational institutions, methodological services, managers and specialists in preschool education of educational management bodies. To train specialists to carry out certification of state accreditation of preschool educational institutions in the system of institutions of additional pedagogical education. 4 5. DECREE OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE RF OF 09.19.1997 No. 1204 “ON THE APPROVAL OF THE MODEL REGULATIONS ON A PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION FOR CHILDREN OF PRE-SCHOOL AND PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE” (AS EDITED BY THE DECREE OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE RF OF 23.12. 2002 N 919). It established the right that a preschool educational institution is independent in choosing a program from a set of variable programs recommended by state education authorities and making changes to them. In the development of original programs in accordance with the requirements of the state educational standard.6. RF LAW “ON BASIC GUARANTEES OF CHILD’S RIGHTS IN THE RF” DATED 07.24.1998 No. 124-FZ (AS AMENDED BY FEDERAL LAWS DATED 07.20.2000 N 103-FZ, 08.22.2004 N 122-FZ, OT 12.21.2004 N 170-FZ) The law establishes the basic guarantees of the rights and legitimate interests of the child, provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, in order to create legal, socio-economic conditions for the realization of the rights and legitimate interests of the child. The state recognizes childhood as an important stage of a person’s life and proceeds from the principles of priority of preparing children for a full life in society, developing their socially significant and creative activity, and instilling in them high moral qualities, patriotism and citizenship.

6. Problems of education quality management

quality education preschool program

The problem of managing the quality of educational services of preschool educational institutions and preschool education in general is dealt with many modern researchers: K.Yu. Belaya, N.N. Lyashchenko, L.V. Pozdnyak, L.I. Falyushina, P.I. Tretyakov and others.

However, science has not yet developed specific mechanisms for solving it in kindergarten, so we have to turn to the analysis of methodological literature on creating school management.

Characteristic for such literature, according to L.Yu. Falyushina, is that in it As a universal means of solving all problems, recommendations are given for the implementation of pedagogical control and analysis.Moreover, some authors focus on the results of pedagogical work (M.M. Potashnik, T.P. Tretyakov, etc.), others (Yu.A. Konarzhevsky, etc.) - on the process of pedagogical activity. Thus, such a direction as quality management of conditions.

Meanwhile, managing the quality of conditions, along with managing the quality of the process and result, is included in the system for analyzing the quality of modern preschool education. [3 p.14]

Modern science and practice highlights following directions for improvement quality conditions of preschool education

First of all, this financing of preschool educational institutions. This includes:

· payment for educational services at the expense of the state - federal level;

· expenses for maintaining and strengthening the material base at the expense of the founder - regional level;

· payment of child support at the expense of parents while providing targeted support to low-income families.

Federal budget funds for preschool educational institutions will be legally assigned to municipalities through the volume of subsidies - monetary assistance for the appropriate purpose from the federal budget. These funds will be provided to institutions by municipalities on a regulatory basis.

As a result, the role of regulating education financing standards at the regional level will sharply increase.

According to the preschool education financing model under consideration, regional standards assume the following minimum costs:

· for remuneration of preschool employees;

· acquisition of educational equipment and manuals;

· social services financed from the budget (for remuneration of administrative, educational, support and service personnel; for food in the amount of 30% of the norm, calculated according to natural indicators in accordance with established standards and taking into account the price level of a particular region; for medicines);

· household needs, except for utility costs.

To compensate for problems in financing preschool educational institutions, local governments, within the limits of their own funds, establish local standards for budget financing.

Thus, this direction of managing the quality of preschool education conditions involves increasing the economic and financial efficiency of a preschool institution in new operating conditions.

L.I. Falyushina proposes using the following mechanisms to create a basis for the formation of a modern quality management system for preschool education:

· conducting global monitoring of the expenditure of budget funds in the preschool education system;

· determination on this basis of flexible standards for financing a preschool institution;

· regulation of parental fees for kindergarten services depending on real costs per child (real costs minus the standard)

L.G. Loginova suggests that there is a direct dependence of managing the quality of education in a preschool institution on the income that the institution can receive if it can quickly identify the social needs of the population and the need of children and parents for basic and additional educational services, predict problems and outline ways to solve them, organize “ buisness process".

The second direction of managing the quality of educational conditions is to improving management decisions related to staffing issuesstages of preschool education and increasing the professional competence of teachers.

Necessary improve the process of training specialistsin universities, colleges and schools, and already working specialists need constantly updated information about the availability of programs, methodological kits for them, traditional and non-traditional technologies, the number of which is constantly increasing. In addition, systematic work is needed to improve the level of professional culture of educators. As part of organizing project activities in a preschool institution and conducting workshops, it is necessary to provide a set of measures to coordinate the actions of all preschool specialists aimed at creating organizational conditions for managing the quality of education given the variability of software and methodological support for the educational process.

Finally, solving the problem of managing the quality of preschool education conditions requires improving the managerial culture of the leaderpreschool institution. Here it is necessary to solve the following problems:

· disclosure of the psychological, pedagogical, methodological and managerial foundations of the activities of the head and senior teacher in the field of managing personnel development and creating conditions for improving the quality of the educational process in a preschool institution;

· revealing the ability to manage the development of personnel in preschool institutions of various types and improving the quality of methodological services in them, mastering the technology of managing the quality of work according to goals and results;

· creating a culture of managing the development of preschool staff, mastering socio-psychological methods of working with teaching staff and the theory of behavioral management, etc. [4 page 35]

. Characteristicquality of the implemented educational program

Kindergarten No. 7 "Golden Key" of the urban district of St. Petersburg - was opened on February 26, 1962. From November 25, 1999, on the basis of Resolution No. 767, it becomes a Municipal preschool educational institution of a general developmental type.

The maximum group size is 60 people, but due to the high birth rate, the kindergarten accepts more children than normal. There are no special correctional or speech therapy groups in the kindergarten, and there are no disabled children.

Most joint activities with children are organized outdoors. The necessary conditions have been created for this: the site is landscaped, there is a sports ground; isolated, equipped with canopies (verandas) and buildings, playgrounds for each age group; paved path with markings for teaching children traffic rules; vegetable garden for children's experimentation, flower beds.

The kindergarten carries out itseducational, legal and economic activityin accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”, “Model Regulations on a Preschool Educational Institution in the Russian Federation” dated September 12, 2008 No. 666, an agreement between the founder and the preschool institution, and other regulations.

The institution is a legal entity, has an independent balance sheet, separate property, current and other accounts in banking institutions; seal and stamp with your name. A kindergarten acquires the rights of a legal entity in terms of conducting statutory financial and economic activities aimed at preparing the educational process from the moment of registration. Financed by the founder in accordance with the agreement between the MDOU and the founder. Independently carries out financial and economic activities; annually provides the founder with a report on the receipt and expenditure of funds.

The activities of the kindergarten are aimedto implement the main objectives of preschool education: to preserve and strengthen the physical and mental health of children; intellectual and personal development of each child, taking into account his individual characteristics; providing assistance to families in raising children and financial support guaranteed by the state.

The preschool educational institution is managed by the head, the methodological work is carried out by the senior educator, the administrative and economic part is represented by the caretaker, and the health of children in the preschool educational institution is monitored by a paramedic at the children's clinic.

The management of the preschool educational institution is built on the basis of documents regulating and regulating its activities.

The work of the methodological office is based on the Concept of Preschool Education. The preschool educational institution staff considers the main development task to be the development of new approaches to preschool education - from an educational-disciplinary to a personality-oriented model of constructing pedagogical work with children.

Since 1999, the kindergarten has implemented a comprehensive program "Rainbow"T.N. Doronova. The program is aimed at creating conditions for the effective development of the child; is aimed at kindergarten, where the child receives opportunities for broad emotional and practical, independent contact with peers; carried out in different forms of organizing children's activities, taking into account the age of children and the characteristics of the types of activities . It must be said that the program was not fully thought out by the authors. There is almost no work on the physical education of children in the program, and if there is, the information is very vague.

Therefore, since 2007, the institution has introduced program M.D. Makhaneva "Raising a Healthy Child"" The work is carried out in the system thanks to the close interaction of the physical education teacher, music director, age group teachers and kindergarten paramedic.

All educational activities are organized in accordance with the curriculum. The teaching load and time allocated for the educational process correspond to the standard and norms. In connection with the chosen priority, additional classes on speech development were introduced into the curriculum by decision of the Council of Teachers, since in the schedule of classes recommended by the “Rainbow” program, “speech” alone is not enough. In addition, to the main method of speech education V.V. Gerbova (one of the authors of the Rainbow program), added « Speech development program for preschool children in kindergarten" (

Using the technique of V.V. Gerbova in addition to the methodology of O.S. Ushakova led to the identification of positive results in children’s assimilation of the program in the “Speech Development” section.

Educational activities are based on game motivation. Teachers stimulate children's interest in activities, effectively using organizational methods and techniques, and implement a personality-oriented approach to each child.

The teaching staff decided to create a toy library for developing children's intellectual abilities. A mini-gallery has been created in the kindergarten, by visiting which children get acquainted with the works of artists: E. Charushin, V. Vasnetsov, A. Savrasov, I. Shishkin and others; learn about different genres of painting: landscape, still life, portrait, book graphics, etc. Work is underway to create a video library - several discs have already been purchased with lessons for children in geography, mathematics, cognitive development, and teaching the basics of safety.

There are technical teaching aids; each group has a tape recorder for listening to music, children's fairy tales, and songs. The authors of the “Rainbow” program recommend the use of music throughout the entire day of children’s stay in kindergarten: musical accompaniment of classes, holidays, entertainment, leisure, and when working with parents.

The educational process is organized according to the approved class schedulein kindergarten and the requirements of the Rainbow program T.N. Doronova . Play activities are present throughout the day.

It should be noted potential of teaching staffkindergarten. Each age group has two teachers, one of whom has qualification category I. He teaches, helps and advises his younger partner.

The teaching staff consists of 12 people: the head of the kindergarten, a senior teacher, group teachers, a music director and a physical education teacher. All teachers have secondary specialized education, 4 of them study at universities.

All teachers, in accordance with the long-term plan, undergo certification and course training. Today there is 1 teacher with the highest category, 6 people with 1 qualification category, 4 teachers certified for 2 qualification category, one teacher is not yet certified.

The constant improvement of professional competence, qualifications and self-education of teachers leads to an increase in the quality of the organization of the educational process with children and, accordingly, to an increase in the quality of the results of the activities of preschool educational institutions.

Close contact helps to achieve positive dynamics in children’s readiness for school interaction with families of pupils. In working with parents, more and more attention is paid to joint practical activities. One of the new forms of cooperation for the institution’s staff has become Family Communication Day; this is the second year that a family talent competition has been organized. Parents are happy to take part in making toys from waste material, repair broken toys with their children, solve crossword puzzles, etc.

Based on the foregoing MDOU kindergarten No. 7 “Golden Key” is moving from a functioning institution to a developing institutiongeneral education type, and after certification - with the implementation of the priority cognitive-speech direction. Accordingly, the kindergarten is currently operating in an innovative mode.

Innovative activities of preschool educational institutions

Currently, more and more attention is paid to moral education children. Therefore, starting in 2009, a program was introduced in kindergarten “Origins” and “education based on sociocultural experience”(author: I.A. Kuzmin). Additionally, partial programs are being implemented: “Young ecologist” (author: S.N. Nikolaeva), “Fundamentals of the safety of preschool children” (authors: N.N. Avdeeva, O.L. Knyazeva, R.B. Sterkina), “Program speech development of preschool children" (

In 2009, the kindergarten was developed as part of the municipal project “ Availability of education"your organizing project short-term groupsstay children 6 - 7 years oldwho do not attend kindergarten to prepare them for school. And for children 2-3 years old - adaptive walking groupfor the summer period for the further successful adaptation of children to kindergarten. In addition, additional education is organized in the kindergarten. This is the work of children's interest groups, a theater studio and a sports section. Since the 2009 - 2010 academic year, the physical education teacher has been developing a new project "The ABC of body movements."

Innovation in working with parentsFor our kindergarten, it was the publication of a newspaper for family reading. Currently, the kindergarten staff is taking part in the implementation of the municipal order. For the third year already, the institution has concluded an agreement with the Founder for the implementation innovative design and experimental activities. As of September 1, 2009MDOU kindergarten No. 7 “Golden Key” is implementing five such projects. Three of them were mentioned above, two more are aimed at updating the subject-development environment, adapted to the conditions of the institution for the successful implementation of the MD program. Makhaneva “Raising a Healthy Child”: “Territory of Health” and “Improvement of the Territory”.

Conclusion

The problem of the quality of education does not have a final solution. At each stage of the development of education, which is determined by the trends in the socio-economic development of the country, new conditions, opportunities and needs appear. Quality criteria change, the problem of quality management intensifies, and again the need arises to investigate and solve this problem.

The quality of education is in constant flux. There is no limit to its increase. Therefore, today it is very important to predict a possible change in quality, to investigate the causes and nature of this change. But there are no methods for such forecasting yet, although in modern ideas of quality management there are already premises for forecasting. They include anticipating changes in the outcome of education - from qualifications to competencies and further to human capital, changing the purpose and social status of education. The ideas of transition from the subject-based assessment principle of constructing educational programs to the modular-credit principle also reflect the vision of the future.

Today they most often talk about ensuring the quality of education, less often about quality management. But providing and managing are not the same thing. Apparently, in the future the opinion will be strengthened that the main thing is quality management, i.e. its conscious and timely change in a certain direction. But this presupposes the construction of a system of quality management mechanisms and technologies. Today we are taking only the first step towards such a comprehensive solution to this problem.

The future is born today. Moving into the future depends on vision and understanding.

Bibliography

1. Education quality management: textbook for universities / E.M. Korotkov. - 2nd ed. - M.: Academic Project, 2007. - 320 p.

2. Vinogradova N.A. Quality management of the educational process in preschool educational institutions. - M.: Iris-press, 2006. - p. 26

Falyushina L.I. Quality management of the educational process in a preschool educational institution. - M.: ARKTI, 2003. - p. 14

Loginova L.G. Methodology for managing the quality of additional education for children. M.: APK and PRO, 2003, - p. 35

5. Federal state requirements for the structure of the basic general education program of preschool education (order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation No. 655 of November 23, 2009)

Skorolupova O., Fedina N. Educational areas of the basic general education program of preschool education. //Preschool education. 2010. No. 7

8. Alyamovskaya, V.G. Development of an annual plan for a preschool institution: Educational and methodological manual / V.G. Alyamovskaya, S.N. Petrova. - M.: “Ascent”, 2009.

Analysis of educational activities of preschool educational institutions // Directory of senior educators. - 2010. - No. 4. - P. 16 - 28.

10. Materials from the Development Program of the pre-school kindergarten No. 7 “Golden Key” were used.

11. #"justify">. Handbook for the Head of the Kindergarten. - 4th Ed., Additional. And Reworked. - Rostov N/D, 2005. - P. 91-103.

13. www.consultant.ru

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Monitoring plays an important role in the effectiveness of management of an educational institution, creating the necessary information support for the educational process. “Monitoring is the observation, assessment and forecast of the state of the environment in connection with human activity (Big Encyclopedic Dictionary, p. 831.” The terms “pedagogical monitoring” and “quality monitoring” appeared in the field of education relatively recently. There are several definitions of the term “pedagogical monitoring »

“Pedagogical monitoring” is a system for organizing the collection, storage, processing and dissemination of information about the activities of the pedagogical system, providing continuous monitoring of its condition and forecasting its development.

“Pedagogical monitoring” is an organized, targeted, systematic monitoring of the quality of education in the system of educational institutions, which makes it possible to monitor both deviations from state educational standards and the level of satisfaction of the educational needs of the population. Each author gives a definition of pedagogical monitoring and implies a specific type of activity (managerial, pedagogical, methodological). The objects of pedagogical monitoring are all participants in the pedagogical process (teachers, students, class teachers and the pedagogical process itself).

Monitoring studies can be carried out in three stages:

Stage 1. Preparatory

1. Goal setting.
2. Definition of an object.
3. Setting deadlines.
4. Study of relevant literature.
5. Development of tools for conducting pedagogical monitoring.

Stage 2. Practical

Collection of information:

Observation
-interview
-testing
-questioning
- going to class
-test papers

Stage 3. Analytical

1. Systematization of the information received.
2. Analysis of the obtained data.
3. Development of recommendations and proposals for the subsequent period.
4. Conclusions.

When conducting an analysis, it is possible to combine textual analytical information, diagrams, graphs, tables, diagrams, etc. At the final analytical stage, it is necessary to draw a conclusion and develop recommendations.

Pedagogical monitoring provides teachers and administration with high-quality and timely information necessary for making management decisions, determines. How rational are the pedagogical means implemented in the educational process, how adequate are the didactic means (forms, teaching methods, mode of educational work, etc.) to the stated goals and age characteristics of schoolchildren, the specifics of their living environment. That is, a clear organization of work based on consistent actions in monitoring contributes to achieving its effectiveness. Management is effective if it is based not only on information at a fixed level of quality of education for students at a given time, but also involves analyzing the reasons for its non-compliance with certain standards and searching for reserves for increasing the efficiency of the educational process. Such an analysis requires consideration of the following monitoring components in unity: “conditions”, “process”, “result”.

Requirements for organizing and conducting pedagogical monitoring

1. Availability of a monitoring research program
2. The set and form of monitoring indicators should be limited and constant over a specified period of time.
3. Indicators should be of an evaluative nature for managing the quality of education.
4. The results of pedagogical monitoring are presented in the form of diagrams, diagrams, graphs, written analysis with recommendations
5. When conducting pedagogical monitoring, the following conditions must be observed:

Systematicity
-duration in time
-comparability
-objectivity
-comfort

1. It is necessary to determine the areas of activity for organizing and conducting monitoring:

In accordance with functional responsibilities
-in accordance with the innovative, experimental activities of this educational institution
- in accordance with the goals and objectives of this educational institution

2. When organizing and conducting monitoring, it is necessary to take into account that the main goal is continuous monitoring of the results of the quality of knowledge and the results of the impact of the educational process on the student’s personality

3. At the beginning of the academic year, it is necessary to conduct introductory (zero) tests to determine the quality of students’ knowledge in subjects and other areas.

5. A cut-off schedule is drawn up and approved by the director of the educational institution.

6. The cut is carried out and checked by an assistant, the results are analyzed, conclusions and suggestions are discussed with teachers and students

7. Analysis of cross-sectional results must be used when choosing an adequate teaching methodology, developing student motivation, and correcting the educational process

8. In-school control plans need to plan the time for conducting intermediate and final assessments.

Carrying out an intermediate cross-section is necessary to assess the success of students’ progress in the subject area; based on these cross-sections, the teacher evaluates the success of choosing his teaching methodology, makes adjustments to the educational process, selected approaches and teaching methods.

The final review is carried out based on the results of training two weeks before the end of the school year. The results of the final slice are analyzed in accordance with the results of the current slices.

9. To successfully monitor the level of training, the quality of the formation of general educational skills, general educational thinking skills, it is necessary to formulate the content of education in such a way that at each stage of training, general educational, special skills and abilities of students are highlighted

10. Monitoring the level of training and planning at key points of the educational material at each stage of training, which ensure fairly successful assimilation of the material and, as a result, progress in the practice of its application

11. To obtain objective results of the level of training, monitor according to three indicators: implementation of the standard (percentage of academic performance), quality of knowledge (percentage of quality of knowledge), degree of class training

12. Analysis of the level of training should be carried out taking into account all levels

An essential feature of monitoring is the determination of the overall learning of schoolchildren.

According to A.K. Markova, training is those characteristics of mental development that have developed as a result of the previous year of study. those. stock of knowledge today

L.N. Zasorina believes that training is an in-depth characteristic of a student’s personality and at the same time an indicator of the success of mastering knowledge and readiness to continue education.

V.N. Maksimova argues that training is the student’s mastery of a system of knowledge and skills over a certain period of training.

Monitoring the level of training (the level of training is the result of the assimilation of knowledge and the formation of general and special skills) can be monitored in the traditional way of measurement - by academic performance (absolute and qualitative performance). This is a percentage indicator of student performance, which has recently been most often used in the formulation and “ percentage of students’ learning.” This indicator takes into account the percentage of students who are successful in a certain discipline to the total number of students in the class.

Another indicator is the percentage of students’ knowledge quality (at “4” and “5”). The most objective of the existing methods for measuring the level of training of a class or group of students, in our opinion, is the SOC indicator - the degree of training of the class (formula by V.P. Smirnov)

SOK = , where

n5 - number of A's received as a result of testing
n4 - number of fours
n3 - number of triplets
n2 - number of twos
n - total number of students

2 Seminar Topic 2. 2. System of intra-school education quality management. Questions for discussion: 1. Internal control as a guarantee of creating a system of quality education. 2. Designing the structure of in-school quality management. 3. Functions of intra-school control. Stages of intra-school control. 4. Model of the internal school control system. 5. Main directions of intra-school control. 6. Employee incentive system. 7. Objects and methods of assessing the results of school activities. 8. External evaluation of the school’s work. 9. The pattern of the impact of general management functions on the quality of the final result. Complete the task: 1. Write an essay on the topic “Managing the quality of education based on information technology,” make a presentation and give a report at a seminar class.

3 Quality management requires: management tools (tools) and quality measurement (assessment); control system (specialized units); management motives (interest); target; use of management results (awareness of the need and benefits of its implementation).

4 CONTROL SYSTEM is a set of actions necessary to influence the control object and ensure its movement in the direction of the goal.

51. Forecasting and planning the quality of education, anticipating trends in its change. 2. Organization of the functioning of the education quality management system, specialization of functions, their distribution, consolidation and implementation. 3. Control of the quality of education according to the parameters of its potential, process and result. 4. Regulation of quality, ensuring compliance and harmony of its characteristics. 5. Quality assessment, determination of its level and opportunities for improvement. 6. Study of the quality of education in the field of causes and sources of its formation, critical factors, limitations, negative influences, priorities. 7. Motivation for ensuring and improving the quality of education. Main functions of education quality management E. M. Korotkov

6 Specific functions of education quality management Management of the quality of teaching staff. Student quality management. Quality management of educational technology. Management of information and methodological support Quality management of material and technical support. Quality management of education infrastructure. Quality management of the educational program.

7 When forming a quality management system, it is important to take into account four factors: 1. external conditions for quality assurance, 2. the quality potential that the educational institution has, 3. the process of quality formation, 4. the quality of the educational result.

81. Orientation of all activities of the educational institution towards the goal of education, reflecting the needs on the satisfaction of which the competitiveness of the university depends. 2. Continuous improvement and improvement of the quality of all processes of educational activity. 3. Ensuring the participation of the entire teaching staff of the educational institution, as well as students, in solving problems of the quality of education. 4. Construction of a quality management system with centralization of the main functions and tasks of improving the quality of education (first person principle). 5. Creation of a motivation system for the quality of education for both teachers and students. 6. Development and use of modern technologies for quality education. 7. Creation of a system for monitoring the quality of education based on objective indicators of the state of quality and assessment of trends in its change. 8. Establishing compliance of the quality of education with the mission and purpose of education in society. 9. Formation of information support for education quality management. 10. Research and forecasting trends in the quality of education and the needs for a new quality. 11. Unification of the terminological apparatus for the quality of education, allowing for a comparative analysis of the level and characteristics of quality.

9 Intra-school management of the quality of education involves a combination of program-targeted management with a focus on the development of self-esteem, self-control and self-government in the teaching staff. Intra-school management of the quality of education is a new management approach designed to eliminate the discrepancy and inadequacy of the results of the school’s educational activities with the realities of the information society, the essence of which is to provide all participants in the educational process with objective management information about the quality of school education to resolve and overcome identified contradictions and problems of educational practice. Education quality management is a special management, organized and aimed at achieving not any, not random, not just better than before, not those that will happen on their own, but quite specific educational results, predicted in advance with the possible degree of accuracy, and the goals (results) must be operationally predicted in the zone of potential development of the student (graduate), that is, we are always talking about the highest possible results for a particular student, about optimal results.

10 The main provisions that make up the theoretical and methodological basis of intra-school management of the quality of education: 1) intra-school management of the quality of education is subordinate to the management of the school as an educational system; 2) the system of intra-school education quality management, being primary, is organizationally and functionally included in a higher order system (regional, territorial); 3) the main life cycle within which internal school quality management of education is effective is the academic year; 4) education quality management - a modern management approach designed to eliminate the discrepancy between the results of the school’s educational activities and the realities of the information society.

13. You can manage an object that has a purposeful procedural nature. What is the object of control

17 Quality policy Resources ensuring quality Expertise diagnostics, assessment of the quality of education Preventive and corrective measures to improve quality Monitoring operations of the quality of education

192 1 43 Planning organization Management management control5 Goal analysis Information support for management Management decision

21 How do you understand the essence of the concept of “intra-school education quality management?” The education quality management system is the management of the quality of the educational process and other activities that ensure the formation of competencies of students and school graduates. Education quality management is the management of quality assessment and control mechanisms. An education quality management system is organized intra-school control and planning of school work on issues of education quality. A quality management system is a set of organizational structure, methods, processes and resources necessary for the implementation of overall quality management.

24 Implementation of the mission, goals and objectives of the development program Organizational culture of the educational institution, aimed at supporting the strategy of the educational institution Social partnership New approaches to the system for assessing the quality of education. The essence of the result. Social order: successful graduate control External and internal examination

15% of quality deviations depend on the performers and 85% of defects are determined by management deficiencies Edwards Deming

27 It is recommended to use the Principles of the Quality Management Theory of the American Edward Deming when developing an Education Quality Management System

28 Consistency with the capabilities of the educational institution Assessing barriers and failures. Clear distribution of authority and responsibility Concept of integrated quality management

30 Research determining the effectiveness and quality of impact on education Strength of effect Overall effect Average value Satisfaction of personally important expectations of the student with high-quality task performance 1. 13 Student motivation (value orientations towards achievements) 1. 04 Educational effectiveness of educational elements (educational process) 1. 00 Educational space that allows organizing the student’s self-education in accordance with his capabilities 0.84 Direct influence of the teacher through direct teaching instructions 0.82 Intensification (inclusion of additional programs, increased pace of completion of programs) 0.72 Home factors (living conditions, parental influence) 0. 67 Availability of feedback and remedial support (academic performance that triggers special assistance) 0.65 A study of 180,000 studies published by the University of Auckland

31 Research determining the effectiveness and quality of the impact on education Strength of effect Attitude to learning 0.61 Classroom environment (favorable atmosphere, support, high level of expectations from the student) 0.56 Formation of goals (goals formed in joint activities with the teacher, as their own educational goals student) 0.52 Peer tutoring (successful students help weaker students) 0.50 Teacher development (teaching new methods) 0.49 Parental involvement 0.46 Homework 0.43 Quiz-exam (provided it helps students think studied) 0,

32 Education quality management is the management of the quality of the educational process and other types of activities that ensure the formation of competencies of students of educational institutions. Each educational institution, depending on its goals in the field of quality and available resources, chooses its own organizational structure of the quality system. Quality service Functions: educational quality planning. process, conducting monitoring studies, developing preventive and corrective measures, developing IC documentation, etc. The activities of the service are regulated by: the Charter, regulations on the service, orders and instructions of the director, orders and instructional documents of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, etc.

33 Options for building an organizational structure for managing the quality of education of an educational institution. Council on the quality of education under the director of the educational institution. Deputy director of the educational institution for the quality of education. Service for the quality of education of the educational institution. Laboratory for the quality of education of the educational institution. Department for the quality of education of the educational institution.

development development of measurable characteristics of the quality of education and methods for measuring them Organization of work to improve quality: planning, collection and analysis of information, monitoring and control operations, etc.

36 What types of activities are covered by the intra-school education quality management system Analysis of the quality of education (subject, supra-subject results, personal development) Work processes for quality management Information support for management decisions on problems of improving the quality of education; Implementation of the quality policy: . planning the quality of the educational process; organization of work to improve quality; development of preventive and corrective measures; Expertise diagnostics, assessment of the quality of education System for improving the professional competence of teaching staff Material and educational and methodological support for images. process Carrying out various monitoring operations of the quality of education

37 Work processes for managing the quality of education Contents of work processes Analysis of the quality of education Analysis: - HSC; — Final certification; — External control; — Comparative analysis of external and internal control - Conditions ensuring the educational process (quality of lessons, professional competence, educational and methodological support, etc.) Planning the quality of the educational result Planning the quality of conditions for achieving the planned result, including the use of resources to achieve it

38 Organization of work to ensure the quality of education Creation of conditions necessary to ensure the quality of education (personnel, educational and methodological, material and technical, financial) Areas of activity for studying the personality of the child, identifying the abilities of schoolchildren of all age groups (Individual assessment of the capabilities and abilities of children, diagnostics of professional orientation, etc.), Areas of activity for the development of professional competence of a teacher (systematic activity approach, new approaches to assessing educational achievements, etc.) Motivating all participants in the educational process for its quality Activities for organizing preventive and corrective measures Creation of a system measures to monitor and stimulate improvement; clear distribution of powers and responsibilities in the organization of quality assurance work. Organization of quality control work Development of criteria and indicators for examination and evaluation. Development of control and measurement materials, etc. Activities for the organization of Higher School of Management Organization of work to determine the measured parameters of the quality characteristics of the educational process Preparation of documents reflecting records on quality assessment Preparation of documents reflecting records on assessment of the quality of education Regulatory consolidation of procedures for assessment, collection, storage of data about the quality of education, etc.

39 Monitoring the quality of education Determine and include in the HSC the necessary types of monitoring for the identified indicators. Determine the subjects of monitoring (consumers of information) and possible forms of providing them with information. Determine the frequency of monitoring, assign those responsible for its collection, storage, processing and analysis. Information support for management - the progress of schoolchildren and the level of academic performance; — the competitiveness of schoolchildren in terms of studying at universities, participation in olympiads — the satisfaction of schoolchildren with educational programs; — teaching effectiveness; — composition of schoolchildren and its analysis; — available training resources and their cost, etc. Management decisions Determination of information flows necessary for making management decisions on issues of quality of education Determination of a specific object of management influence and certain performers and those responsible for its implementation;

41 Factors that are critical to improving the quality of education (based on an international study of the 25 best school systems) Attracting strong candidates to the teaching profession Mechanisms for selecting candidates Tightening academic requirements for the education received. Annual professional development courses Each teacher must be provided with all available materials, knowledge, and abilities to improve the child’s level Implementation of processes that guarantee quality improvement

42 Updating the system of training and advanced training of personnel Development of public participation in assessing the results of teacher activities

44 Complete the task and answer the questions: Describe the system for managing the development of teachers at school. What analytical information do you use at school to assess the quality of education and make management decisions? Describe the structure, areas of activity and assessment of the effectiveness of the intra-school education quality management system.

45 literature. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SELECTING A STANDARD MODEL OF EDUCATIONAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR UNIVERSITIES AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University "LETI" MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE FIELD OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT BASED ON THE PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT MODEL (St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University "LETI" .) 2005. Monitoring of general educational achievements of graduates of Polivanova's primary school K. N. Kasprzhak A. G. Venger A. L. M. 2006 Quality monitoring: statistics and sociology of education M. L. Agranovich O. Ya. Dymarskaya et al. M. 2007